Fine Particulate Matter: a Threat to the Heart Rhythm

Jinhee Ahn 대한심장학회 2021 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.51 No.2

A Case of Immunoglobulin G4-Related Tubulointerstitial Nephritis with Extrarenal Involvement

( Jinhee Ahn ),( Sang Heon Song ),( Dong Uk Kim ),( Hyun Ju Choi ),( Joo Wan Seo ),( Sang Bo Oh ),( Harin Rhee ),( Hee Sun Lee ),( Ihm Soo Kwak ) 대한신장학회 2011 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.30 No.6

Immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing disease is a novel clinicopathological disease entity known to involve various organs including the pancreas, bile ducts, gall bladder, retroperitoneum, kidney, salivary gland, lung and prostate. The most common organ involved is the pancreas and cases without pancreatic involvement are uncommon. Positive response to steroids is an important characteristic of this disease and this enables early diagnosis, which is required for good prognosis. We demonstrate a case of immunoglobulin G4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis in a 59-year-old male accompanied by sclerosing cholangitis and sialadenitis without any evidence of pancreatic infiltration. The patient was treated with prednisolone and was fully recovered in 6 months.

A Case of Atazanavir Induced Nephrolithiasis

( Jinhee Ahn ),( Woo Jin Jung ),( Kye Hyung Kim ),( Su Jin Lee ),( Sun Hee Lee ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2011 No.-

MAB SNP marker development to accelerate the breeding of Chinese cabbage

Jinhee Kim,Do-Sun Kim,Hye-Eun Lee,Yul-Kyun Ahn,Jeong Ho Kim 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07

The goal of marker-assisted backcrossing is to reduce the number of generations significantly by using genome-based molecular markers. Among other types of molecular markers, SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) is mostly used in genetic diversity analysis due to its abundance. To develop high-throughput SNP marker for MAB system, we selected 20 Chinese cabbage lines each represent traits as inner leaf color, disease resistance, head type and maturity etc. Then, we sequenced the transcriptomes of 20 lines by using Illumina Hiseq2000. The average transcriptome size was 1.37 Gbase, and the average of short reads mapping rate was about 62.15% (30xcoverage). We identified 13,976 SSR markers and 380,198 SNPs by aligning contigs of 20 Chinese cabbage lines. To develop SNP marker set, we chose 409 SNPs that covers the whole Brassica rapa transcriptome. The filtering criteria were depth, polymorphism, segregation ratio, lack of adjacent SNP and copy number. We positioned the selected SNP markers to the Chinese cabbage linkage map. Clustering dendrogram was produced using SNP marker and three different clusters were generated. The result showed that the genotyping data is partially linked to the phenotyping data. We assume that the developed SNP marker set can be applied in the Chinese cabbage MAB system soon.

麻黃과 石膏의 效能에 대한 比較 硏究

안진희(Jinhee Ahn),김상현(Sang-hyun Kim),김종현(Jong-hyun Kim) 대한한의학원전학회 2024 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.37 No.1

溫病學 辛開苦降法과 『脾胃論』 脾胃病 치료 기전에 대한 고찰

안진희(Ahn Jinhee),김도훈(Kim Do-hoon) 대한한의학원전학회 2020 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.33 No.3

목적 : 이 논문의 목적은 辛開苦降法의 脾胃病 치료 기전과 『脾胃論』의 脾胃病 치료 기전을 서로 비교하는 것이다. 방법 : 溫病學 문헌, 辛開苦降法 관련 논문, 『脾胃論』을 살펴 두 방면의 脾胃病 치료 기전을 이론적·임상적 측면에서 비교하였다. 결과 : 辛開苦降法의 脾胃病 치료는 脾胃分治하고, 辛苦幷用하여 一升一降함으로써 相反된 운동이 中焦 濕熱의 阻滯를 흔들어 升降氣機의 失常을 회복하며, 서로 상반되는 성질의 약물을 써서 상대방의 치우친 성질을 제어하는 성격이 있으며, 濕을 조장할 염려가 있는 人參, 大棗, 甘草 등의 약물이 없고, 苦味와 辛味를 지닌 약물이 주로 君藥에 속한다. 한편 『脾胃論』의 脾胃病 치료는 脾胃合治하고, 人參, 黃芪, 甘草 등의 甘溫之劑에 風藥을 써서 升陽益氣함으로써 升發에 중점이 있고, 辛苦味가 들어가는 風藥이 포함되기는 하지만 君藥이 아니라 佐使藥의 개념이며, 君藥은 補中益氣升陽할 수 있는 甘溫劑이다. 결론 : 근현대 학자들이 辛開苦降法의 개념을 확대시켰으므로 확대된 개념의 辛開苦降法으로 『脾胃論』에 나타난 脾胃病을 치료할 가능성이 생기는데, 辛開苦降法이나 『脾胃論』의 脾胃病 치료의 공통점은 方義가 火熱을 내리는 동시에 氣機를 소통시켜 氣機 운행을 돕는 것이므로 동일한 方義 속에서 溫病學의 범주에 포함된 脾胃病이나 『脾胃論』에서 설명한 脾胃病을 치료할 때에 상황에 따라 약물을 적절하게 加減하여 치료할 수 있다. Objectives : The aim of this paper is to compare the mechanisms of the OP/LB method and the SSD treatment in 『Piweilun』. Methods : Wenbing texts, articles on the OP/LB method, and the 『Piweilun』 was examined for comparison of treatment mechanisms of SSD. Results : The mechanism of the OP/LB method in treating SSD was to treat the Spleen and Stomach separately, to restore the ascending/descending pattern of qi through simultaneous use of pungent and bitter flavors which raises and lowers, respectively. Moreover, the use of medicinals with contrary properties regulate the other s biased nature, and none of the medicinals create dampness. The pungent and bitter flavors play central roles, where the pungent flavor opens and communicates and the bitter flavor clears and lowers. The treatment method of SSD in the 『Piweilun』 treat the Spleen and Stomach together, with a focus on raising and dispersing through upraising yang and reinforcing qi by means of Wind medicinals with pungent and bitter flavors added to sweet and warm medicinals. Conclusions : Owing to the expansion of the OP/LB method concept by modern-contemporary scholars, the potential for treating SSD as can be seen in the 『Piweilun』 with the OP/LB method has emerged. The similarity between the OP/LB method and treatment of SSD in the 『Piweilun』 is that the objective of the formulas is to lower fire heat and communicate qi to help qi movement. This common objective allows for treatment of SSD within Wenbing and those in 『Piweilun』 with the said formulas through appropriate modification fit for each situation.

『備急千金要方』 臟腑溫病의 기전과 치법에 대한 考察

안진희(Jinhee Ahn) 대한한의학원전학회 2024 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.37 No.2

『黃帝內經』의 ‘關節’의 의미에 대한 考察

안진희(Ahn Jinhee) 대한한의학원전학회 2022 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.35 No.1

Objectives : 이 논문의 목적은 『黃帝內經』의 ‘關節’의 의미를 考察하는 것이다. Methods : 『內經』에 나오는 ‘關’과 ‘節’의 의미를 살펴본 후 ‘關節’의 의미를 살필 때 ‘關’과 ‘節’의 용례를 참고로 考察하였고, ‘關節’과 비슷한 의미로 쓰인 용어들을 함께 考察하였다. Results and Conclusions : 1. 『黃帝內經』에 쓰인 ‘關節’은 ‘關’과 ‘節’이라는 용어의 쓰임을 정리해보았을 때 ‘急所와 마디’, ‘關門의 마디’, ‘關門과 마디’, ‘關鍵과 마디’, ‘關鍵의 마디’ 등의 의미를 지니게 된다고 유추해 볼 수 있다. 2. 『內經』에 쓰인 ‘關節’은 대부분 ‘關鍵이 되는 마디’를 의미했으며, 水腫이나 風濕關節痛과 관련한 ‘關節’은 ‘關門의 마디’를 의미하였다. 3. 『內經』에서는 四關, 八節, 肢節, 八虛, 八谿, 十二節 등이 五臟을 다스리고, 五臟과 서로 氣를 긴밀하게 주고받으며, 神氣나 眞氣가 出入하여 ‘關節’과 비슷한 개념으로 쓰이고 있다. 4. 『內經』에 쓰인 ‘關節’은 五臟과 서로 긴밀하게 연관되며 神氣가 유행하고 출입하는 關門 혹은 關鍵이 되는 마디이므로, ‘關節’이 포함된 문장을 읽을 때는 『內經』 고유의 氣 관점을 지니고 五臟과의 긴밀한 연관성, 神氣 혹은 眞氣가 출입한다는 개념을 가지고 읽어야 한다. Objectives : This paper aims to examine the meaning of guanjie(關節) in the Huangdineijing. Methods : Meanings of guan(關) and jie(節) were examined within the Neijing, after which the meaning of guanjie was studied in reference to usages of guan and jie. Other terms used similarly to guanjie were also studied. Results & Conclusions : 1. The meaning of guanjie in the Huandineijing could be inferred to meanings such as ‘vital point and node’, ‘node of entrance gate’, ‘entrance gate and node’, ‘bolt and node’, ‘node of bolt’, etc. 2. Most usages of guanjie in the Huangdineijing referred to ‘pivotal node’, while those mentioned in relation to edema or joint pain from wind and dampness meant ‘node of entrance gate.’ 3. The four entrances, eight nodes, extremity node, eight hollows, eight nodes of the limbs, twelve nodes, which are used similarly to guanjie, manage the five zang, communicate intimately via qi, while shen qi or zhen qi enter and exit. 4. Guanjie is closely linked to the five zang, while it is the entrance gate or pivotal node through which shen qi roams and travels. Therefore when interpreting a verse that includes ‘guanjie’, one must be aware of the perspectives of the Huangdineijing on qi, keeping in mind the close relationship with the five zang, and that zhen qi enters and exits.

『素問·至眞要大論』의 ‘久而增氣’와 ‘氣增而久’의 의미에 대한 고찰

안진희(Ahn Jinhee),김도훈(Kim Do-Hoon) 대한한의학원전학회 2020 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.33 No.4

Objectives : 이 논문의 목적은 『素問·至眞要大論』의 “久而增氣, 物化之常也, 氣增而久, 夭之由也.”의 의미를 고찰하는 것이다. Methods : 기존 注釋을 검토한 뒤 “久而增氣, 物化之常也.”와 “氣增而久, 夭之由也.”의 의미에 대해 생각해보았다. Results and Conclusions : “久而增氣, 物化之常也.”에서 久의 의미는 시간적인 요소뿐만이 아니라 精化를 의미하며, 精氣는 化生精의 되먹임 작용을 통해 精을 생산하는 데에 다시 쓰이고 이러한 일련의 과정을 거쳐서 精, 氣, 血 등의 物을 生化시킴을 의미한다. “氣增而久, 夭之由也.”는 過慾과 사계절의 順理를 거슬러 精化의 과정은 거치지 못한 채 거친 氣를 증가시킨 채로 오랜 시간이 흘러 요절하게 됨을 말한다. 또한 ‘久而增氣’의 精化된 氣는 少火와 관련되어 선순환을 이루게 하고, ‘氣增而久’의 거친 氣는 壯火와 관련되어 악순환을 반복하게 한다. 따라서 『素問·至眞要大論』의 “久而增氣, 物化之常也, 氣增而久, 夭之由也.”는 단순히 어떤 하나의 藥味를 오랫동안 多食하여 생기는 부작용이기보다는 氣의 精化 여부가 常夭를 가르는 중요한 요소이며 본 문구에 대한 올바른 해석은 현대인의 음식 섭취의 양상, 養生, 無病長壽, 治未病, 豫防 등에 있어서 중요한 의미를 전달해줄 수 있다. Objectives : The meaning of the verses ‘久而增氣’ and ‘氣增而久’ from the 『Suwen·Zhizhenyaodalun』 were studied to complement previous annotations. Methods : Based on problems uncovered in previous annotations, the verses “久而增氣, 物化之常也” and “氣增而久, 夭之由也” were examined in detail. Results & Conclusions : Previous annotations on the verse “久而增氣, 物化之常也” have conflicting opinions. Therefore, related contents in the 『Huangdineijing』 were examined to resolve and complement existing interpretations. The meaning of ‘久’ in the phrase “久而增氣, 物化之常也,” not only has a temporal meaning but also refers to the Jing process[精化｣. The Jing process is where the Jing Qi is used to produce Jing through a feedback process that results in enlivening materials such as Jing, Qi, and Blood. The phrase “氣增而久, 夭之由也” refers to an early death caused by expansion of rough Qi that has failed to go through the Jing process because of excessive greed and failure to follow the seasonal principle. These phrases from the 『Suwen·Zhizhenyaodalun』 reminds us that the Qi’s Jing process is an important factor in determining longevity, shedding new light on themes such as the pattern of food intake, cultivation, longevity, treating before illness, prevention, etc., for today.

張子和 補法에 대한 考察 : 以平爲期 사상을 中心으로

안진희(Ahn Jinhee),김도훈(Kim Do-Hoon),김종현(Kim Jong-hyun) 대한한의학원전학회 2021 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.34 No.2

Objectives : 이 논문의 목적은 以平爲期 사상을 중심으로 張子和의 補法을 고찰하는 것이다. Methods : 『儒門事親』의 논설 및 方藥을 바탕으로 張子和의 補法을 검토해 보았다. Results and Conclusions : 1. 張子和는 攻下派로 알려져 있어 補法에 대해서는 비판적이었을 것이라는 선입견이 있지만, 補法 자체를 비판한 것이 아니고, 溫補를 비판하였다. 2. 張子和가 溫補를 비판한 것은 『內經』의 연구를 통해 火熱로 인한 發病의 폐단을 인식하고, 溫補로 인한 부작용이 임상에서 많았기 때문이며, 이는 다른 金元四大家들과 공통적인 인식이라고 할 수 있다. 3. 張子和는 邪氣를 제거함으로써 우리 몸의 氣가 원활하게 돌아가고 그 결과 元氣가 서서히 회복되는 것을 목표로 하는 以平爲期를 중시했다. 4. 張子和는 평형을 추구하는 사상하에 임상 운용에 있어서 다양한 氣味를 사용하여 君臣佐使의 약들이 서로 돕게 하였고, 食補를 통해 元氣의 회복을 도모하고자 하였다. Objectives : The purpose of this paper is to examine Zhang Zihe s reinforcement method based on the theory of keeping balance(以平爲期). Methods : Based on his arguments in the Rumenshiqin and formula compositions, Zhang Zihe s reinforcement method was examined. Results & Conclusions : 1. Despite preconceptions that Zhang Zihe must have been critical of reinforcement methods due to his alliance to the offensive purgative group, in reality his criticism was not aimed at reinforcement methods entirely, but rather at warming and tonifying. 2. Zhang Zihe s criticism of warming and tonifying was based on his research of the Neijing, in which he realized the pathogenic effects of fire-heat and the side effects of warming and tonifying in clinical practice. This is a common conception among the Four Great Doctors of the Jin-Yuan period. 3. Zhang Zihe focused on eliminating pathogenic qi so that the body s qi would circulate smoothly to slowly restore the source qi. The theory of keeping balance was emphasized to achieve this goal. 4. Based on the theory of keeping balance, Zhang Zihe used various medicinals with different properties and flavors to allow for the medicinals in each of the sovereign, minister, assistant and courier positions to co-operate with each other, while using food reinforcement to restore the source qi.