Piezoelectric Materials: All‐Solution‐Processed Flexible Thin Film Piezoelectric Nanogenerator (Adv. Mater. 45/2012)

Chung, Sung Yun,Kim, Sunyoung,Lee, Ju‐,Hyuck,Kim, Kyongjun,Kim, Sang‐,Woo,Kang, Chong‐,Yun,Yoon, Seok‐,Jin,Kim, Youn Sang WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.24 No.45

<P>An all‐solution‐processed flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator, composed of polycrystalline ZnO thin film and functional polymer layers such as P3HT/PCBM and PEDOT:PSS, generates energy through a mechanical rolling and muscle stretching system. On page 6022, Youn Sang Kim, Sang‐Woo Kim, and co‐workers show that this all‐solution‐processed nanogenerator is feasible as a piezoelectric patchable device and is promising for use in future energy harvesters such as wearable human patches and mobile electronics. </P>

식민시대 지식인, 유상규(劉相奎)의 삶의 궤적

최규진(CHOI Q-Jin),황상익(HWANG Sang-Ik),김수연(KIM Soo-Youn) 大韓醫史學會 2009 醫史學 Vol.18 No.2

Many of the Korean intellectuals resisted against suppression of Japanese Imperialism with the people during the Japanese occupation period. Ryu Sang-Kyu was also one of those intellectuals. Ryu Sang-Kyu was born in Gang-gye of North Pyongan-do on 10th November, 1897. He entered Keijo Medical College as one of the first entering students in 1916. However, at the end of his third year, he participated in the 3·1 Independence Movement of Korea and was suspended from the college which was run by the Japanese on account of his participation. Then moving to Shanghai, he joined Heung Sa Dan(興士團), an active patriotic group fighting for independence of Korea. He initiated the provisional government of Korea as a network investigator and he played second string to Ahn Chang-Ho(安昌浩), one of major Korean independence activists for four years. In 1923, following Ahn Chang-Ho’s advice, he returned to Keijo Medical College to complete the course. Even in colonial Korea, he continued independence movement and was involved in Dong Woo Hoe(同友會), the branch of Heung Sa Dan in Korea. After the graduation of Keijo Medical College in 1927, he had served at the department of surgery in Keijo Medical College. In 1930, he participated in founding of the Korean Medical Association(朝鮮醫師協會). He also raised public awareness by writing to many articles on hygiene and public health issues in public journals and newspapers. In short, he did his best as an intellectual, a medical doctor, an activist of independence movement until he died from streptococcal infection on 7th July, 1936.

Interaction of <i>Veratrum nigrum</i> with <i>Panax ginseng</i> against Obesity: A Sang-ban Relationship

Park, Jinbong,Jeon, Yong-Deok,Kim, Hye-Lin,Lim, Hara,Jung, Yunu,Youn, Dong-Hyun,Jeong, Mi-Young,Kim, Hyun-Ju,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Kim, Su-Jin,Hong, Seung-Heon,Um, Jae-Young Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2013 No.-

<P>Obesity has become a major health threat in developed countries. However, current medications for obesity are limited because of their adverse effects. Interest in natural products for the treatment of obesity is thus rapidly growing. Korean Medicine (KM) is characterized by the wide use of herbal formulas. However, the combination rule of herbal formulas in KM lacks experimental evidence. According to <I>Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica</I>, the earliest book of herbal medicine, <I>Veratrum nigrum</I> (VN) has antagonistic features against <I>Panax ginseng</I> (PG), and the PG-VN pair is strictly forbidden. In this study, we have shown the effects of PG, VN, and their combination on obesity in high-fat (HF) diet-induced obese mice and in 3T3-L1 cells. PG, VN, and PG-VN combination significantly reduced weight gain and the fat pad weight in HF diet-induced obese mice. They also significantly decreased lipid accumulation and the expressions of two major adipogenesis factors, PPAR<I><I>γ</I></I> and C/EBP<I><I>α</I></I>, in 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, the PG-VN combination had synergistic effects compared with the mixture of extracts of PG and VN on inhibition of PPAR<I><I>γ</I></I> and C/EBP<I><I>α</I></I> expressions at lower doses. These results indicate a new potential anti-obese pharmacotherapy and also provide scientific evidence supporting the usage of herbal combinations instead of mixtures in KM.</P>

Vertical Alignment of Carbon Nanotubes Using the Magneto-Evaporation Method

Youn, Sang Cheon,Jung, Dae-Hwan,Ko, Young Koan,Jin, Yong Wan,Kim, Jong Min,Jung, Hee-Tae American Chemical Society 2009 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.131 No.2

<P>We developed a novel method of vertical alignment of SWNTs using a single-step process for the simultaneous vertical alignment of the SWNTs by a magnetic field and the fixation of their alignment by means of the direct evaporation of the films. We fabricated Fe-oxide/SWNT samples that are reacted by iron-oleate complex, oleic acid and cut SWNTs in 1-octadecene. The Fe-oxide/SWNT samples are dispersed in N,N-dimethylformamide and the resulting solution was deposited on an ITO glass substrate using the spraying method with magnetic field. After evaporation of the SWNT solution in the presence of a magnetic field, we transferred the nanotubes to the vacuum-evaporator chamber, and titanium is evaporated by e-beam evaporation to hold the vertical alignment of the SWNTs. The resulting SWNTs exhibit the formation of a high degree of vertically aligned SNWTs over a large area. We showed that the degree of orientation of the SWNTs is strongly influenced by the field strength, film thickness of the evaporating molecules and evaporating rates. This technique takes significant advantages of the alignment of SWNTs with high aspect ratio at room temperature, without any organic binders and without the need for further alignment procedures. Moreover, this method might be applicable to other anisotropic materials with high aspect ratio.</P>

습성 나이관련황반변성으로 진단된 90세 이상 초고령 환자의 치료 과정에서 나타난 환자 행태

Sang Youn Han,Jong Woo Kim,Chul Gu Kim,Dong Won Lee,Jung Il Han,Su Jin Yoo,Jae Hui Kim 한국망막학회 2018 Journal of Retina Vol.3 No.2

Purpose: To evaluate patient behavior during treatment in those over 90 years old diagnosed with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: A retrospective review of medical records was performed of patients over 90 years old who were diagnosed with neovascular AMD. The reasons for delays of 2 months or longer in hospital visits and follow-up discontinuation were identified. Results: Forty-four patients were included in the study. The mean age was 91.5 ± 1.5 years and the mean follow-up period was 26.9 ± 19.2 months. Delayed hospital visits were noted in 13 patients. The reasons included aggravation of systemic disease (n = 4), aggravation of physical frailty (n = 4), and fracture due to fall (n = 1). The reason was not identified in the remaining four patients. Follow-up discontinuation was noted in 20 patients. The reasons were aggravation of systemic disease (n = 4), aggravation of physical frailty (n = 3), dissatisfaction with treatment outcome (n = 2), and referral to another clinic (n = 4). The reason was not identified in the remaining 7 patients. Conclusions: In patients over 90 years old, physical frailty was found to be one of the main reasons for delayed hospital visits and follow- up discontinuation. Since frequent hospital follow-up is required for appropriate treatment of neovascular AMD, management of physical frailty is needed in elderly patients. 목적: 습성 나이관련황반변성으로 진단된 90세 이상 초고령 환자의 치료 과정 중 나타나는 다양한 환자 행태에 대하여 알고자 한다. 대상과 방법: 습성 나이관련황반변성으로 진단된 환자들 중 90세 이상이었던 환자들을 대상으로 의무기록 분석을 시행하였다. 모든 환자들은 항혈관내피성장인자 치료를 시행받았는데, 추적관찰 기간 동안 정해진 병원 방문 날짜에 2개월 이상 늦게 방문하였거나 추적관찰이 완전히 중단된 경우 그 원인을 확인하였다. 결과: 전체 44명을 대상으로 연구를 시행하였다. 평균 연령은 91.5 ± 1.5세였으며, 평균 추적관찰 기간은 26.9 ± 19.2개월이었다. 13명의 경우 경과관찰 도중 정해진 병원 방문 날짜에 2개월 이상 늦게 방문하였는데 그 이유는 기저 질환의 악화(n = 4), 신체 쇠약으로 인한 거동 불편(n = 4), 낙상에 의한 골절(n = 1)이었으며, 나머지 4명은 정확한 이유를 확인할 수 없었다. 추적관찰을 완전히 중단한 경우는 20명이었는데 그 이유는 기저 질환이 악화되어 장기간 입원 치료를 받게 된 경우(n = 4), 신체 쇠약으로 인한 거동 불편(n = 3), 치료 결과 불만족(n = 2), 타병원으로 의뢰(n = 4)였으며, 나머지 7명의 경우 정확한 이유를 확인할 수 없었다. 결론: 90세 이상 초고령 환자에서는 신체의 쇠약이 지연 방문 및 추적관찰 중단의 주된 원인 중 하나로 나타났다. 습성 나이관련황반변성의 적절한 치료를 위해서는 장기간 병원에 자주 방문해야 한다는 점을 고려하였을 때, 초고령 환자에서는 신체 쇠약을 관리하는 방편이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

Porphyrinuria in Korean children with autism: correlation with oxidative stress.

Youn, Seung-Il,Jin, Soo-Hee,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Lim, Sabina Taylor Francis 2010 Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Pa Vol.73 No.10

<P>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder believed to be associated with heavy metal exposure, especially mercury (Hg), and is characterized by disturbances in metal elimination. Various studies correlated elevated heavy metal body burden with ASD diagnoses as evidenced by increased urinary porphyrin levels in patients. Urinary porphyrins were also determined in Korean patients diagnosed with ASD (n = 65) who visited AK Eastern Medicinal Clinic in Kangnam-gu, Seoul, from June 2007 to September 2008, compared to controls (n = 9) residing in the same area, by means of Metametrix (CLIA-approved) laboratory testing. Further, urinary organic acids as indicators of hepatic detoxification/oxidative stress were also analyzed among patients diagnosed with ASD. Significant increases were found in patients diagnosed with ASD for proporphyrins, pentacarboxyporphyrin, precoproporphyrin, coproporphyrins, and total porphyrins. Significant correlations were observed between hepatic detoxification/oxidative stress markers and urinary porphyrins. In agreement with published data, the present results demonstrated that measurement of porphyrins serves as a reliable tool for diagnosis of heavy metal involvement in ASD.</P>

HCV, Acute, LT : A Prospective Study on the Outcomes of Hepatitis C Virus-related Cirrhosis: Risk Factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Mortality

( Sang Soo Lee ),( Sook Hyang Jeong ),( Mun Hyuk Seong ),( Eun Sun Jang ),( Jin Wook Kim ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Youn Jae Lee ),( In Hee Kim ),( Si Hyun Bae ),( Han Chu Lee ),( Mee Kyung Kee ),( Sung S 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1

Background: The natural history of hepatitis C virus (HCV)- related cirrhosis has been poorly investigated in hepatitis B virus virus (HBV) endemic area. The aim of this study was to investigate the outcome of HCV-related cirrhosis, and to search for the predictive factors related to poor outcome in Korea. Methods: A prospective, multicenter cohort study was conducted in which 233 patients with HCV-related cirrhosis were enrolled at six university hospitals in Korea from Jan 2007 to Jun 2012, and followed for mean duration of 26 months. Baseline clinical characteristics were collected from the subjects, and the clinical outcomes were defined as development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver transplantation or death. Results: During observation period of 26.5 ± 18.5 months (mean ± SD), HCC developed in 27 patients (12.1%), and mortality in 15 (6.7%) patients. The 5-year cumulative HCC incidence was 34.0%, and the cumulative overall mortality or transplantation at 5 years was 11.8%. At univariate analysis, age > 65 year (P=0.020), absence of anti-HBs (P=0.002), serum albumin level < 3.5 g/dL (P=0.003), and alpha-fetoprotein level > 20 ng/ml (P=0.027) were associated with an increased risk of HCC development. Multivariate analysis showed that serum albumin level < 3.5 g/dL was the independent factor for HCC development (HR 0.195, P=0.001). The independent factors for mortality or transplantation were age > 65 year (HR 3.898, P=0.040), lower serum hemoglobin level (HR 0.547 per 1 g/dL, P=0.001), and presence of ascites (HR 1.974, P=0.010). Conclusions: We found that the cumulative incidence of HCC from HCV-related cirrhosis seems to be high in Korea, similar to that of Japan. Poor liver function represented as serum albumin level or ascites was an independent factor for poor outcomes. Further study on the role of age and past infection of HBV in the HCV-related hepatocarcinogenesis is warranted.

미세먼지 수치예보시스템 운영에 의한 고농도 사례 분석

Youn-Seo Koo,Hui-Young Yun,Jin-Sik Cho,Jong-Hyuk Choi,Sung-Tae Kim 한국기상학회 2013 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.4

Enhancement of Transduction Efficiency and Antitumor Effects of IL-12N220L-expressing Adenovirus by Co-delivery of DOTAP

Youn, Je-In,Jin, Hyun-Tak,Sung, Young-Chul The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2007 Immune Network Vol.7 No.4

Background: Adenovirus (Ad) vectors have been widely used for many gene therapy applications because of their high transduction ability and broad tropism. However, their utility for cancer gene therapy is limited by their poor transduction into cancer cells lacking the primary receptor, coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR). Methods: To achieve CAR-independent gene transfer via Ad, we pretreated Ad with 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium propane (DOTAP) and analyzed their transduction efficiency into cancer cells in vitro and in vivo comparing with the virus alone. Results: Treatment of DOTAP significantly increased adenoviral gene transfer in tumor cells in vitro. Moreover, DOTAP at an optimum dose $(10{\mu}g/ml)$ enhanced IL-12 transgene expression by fivefold in tumor, and twofold in serum after intratumoral injection of adenovirus expressing IL-12N220L (Ad/IL-12N220L). In addition, cotreatment of DOTAP decreased tumor growth rate in the Ad/IL-12N220L-transduced tumor model, finally leading to enhanced survival rate. Conclusion: Our results strongly suggest that DOTAP could be of great utility for improving adenovirus-mediated cancer gene therapy.

A Dual Modeling Method for a Real-Time Palpation Simulator

( Sang Youn Kim ),( Se Kil Park ),( Jin Ah Park ) 한국정보처리학회 2012 Journal of information processing systems Vol.8 No.1

This paper presents a dual modeling method that simulates the graphic and haptic behavior of a volumetric deformable object and conveys the behavior to a human operator. Although conventional modeling methods (a mass-spring model and a finite element method) are suitable for the real-time computation of an object`s deformation, it is not easy to compute the haptic behavior of a volumetric deformable object with the conventional modeling method in real-time (within a 1kHz) due to a computational burden, Previously, we proposed a fast volume haptic rendering method based on the S-chain model that can compute the deformation of a volumetric non-rigid object and its haptic feedback in real-time. When the S-chain model represents the object, the haptic feeling is realistic, whereas the graphical results of the deformed shape look linear. In order to improve the graphic and haptic behavior at the same time, we propose a dual modeling framework in which a volumetric haptic model and a surface graphical model coexist. In order to inspect the graphic and haptic behavior of objects represented by the proposed dual model, experiments are conducted with volumetric objects consisting of about 20,000 nodes at a haptic update rate of 1000Hz and a graphic update rate of 30Hz. We also conduct human factor studies to show that the haptic and graphic behavior from our model is realistic. Our experiments verify that our model provides a realistic haptic and graphic feeling to users in real-time.