Monitoring Enzymes Activity During Vermicomposting of Rural Garbage dosed with Composting Promoter

Chunji Jin,Mengmeng Zhao,Ping Yang 대전대학교 환경문제연구소 2012 환경문제연구소 논문집 Vol.16 No.-

본 연구에서는 물리, 화학, 생물적 처리과정 중 서로 다른 용량의 퇴비가 농촌쓰레기처리공정에서의 수치를 검측하였다. 그 결과, 농촌쓰레기의 5‰ EM 해결시, 지렁이의 생장에 유익했고 34일이 지나면 예비 비료화가 되고, 35일에는 벌레가 자랐다. 5‰ EM 처리 샘플의 C/N비, NH4+-N농도, 활성화 우레아제, 섬유소와 삭카라아제는 다른 그룹보다 낮았지만 NO3-N 농도는 다른 그룹보다 선명하게 높았다. The physical, chemical and biological prarameters during composting process of rural garbage with different dosage of composting promoter were monitored. The results indicated that the addition of 5‰ EM solution to rural garbage was beneficial to growth and reproduction of earthworms after 34 days of pre-composting and 35 days of vermicomposting. C/N ratio, NH4+-N concentration, and the activity of urease, cellulose and sucrase in treatment sample of 5‰EM were lower than that of other groups, while the NO3—N concentration was significantly higher than the other treatment groups.

Construction of Amylolytic Industrial Brewing Yeast Strain with High Glutathione Content for Manufacturing Beer with Improved Anti-Staling Capability and Flavor

( Jin Jing Wang ),( Zhao Yue Wang ),( Ping He Xiu ),( Bo Run Zhang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2010 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.20 No.11

In beer, glutathione works as the main antioxidant compound, which also correlates with the stability of the beer flavor. In addition, high residual sugars in beer contribute to major nonvolatile components, which are reflected in a high caloric content. Therefore, in this study, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae GSH1 gene encoding glutamylcysteine synthetase and the Saccharomycopsis fibuligera ALP1 gene encoding α-amylase were coexpressed in industrial brewing yeast strain Y31 targeting the α- acetolactate synthase (AHAS) gene (ILV2) and alcohol dehydrogenase gene (ADH2), resulting in the new recombinant strain TY3. The glutathione content in the fermentation broth of TY3 increased to 43.83 mg/l as compared with 33.34 mg/l in the fermentation broth of Y31. The recombinant strain showed a high α-amylase activity and utilized more than 46% of the starch as the sole carbon source after 5 days. European Brewery Convention tube fermentation tests comparing the fermentation broths of TY3 and Y31 showed that the flavor stability index for TY3 was 1.3-fold higher, whereas its residual sugar concentration was 76.8% lower. Owing to the interruption of the ILV2 gene and ADH2 gene, the contents of diacetyl and acetaldehyde as off-flavor compounds were reduced by 56.93% and 31.25%, respectively, when compared with the contents in the Y31 fermentation broth. In addition, since no drug-resistant genes were introduced to the new recombinant strain, it should be more suitable for use in the beer industry, owing to its better flavor stability and other beneficial characteristics.

Construction of an Industrial Brewing Yeast Strain to Manufacture Beer with Low Caloric Content and Improved Flavor

( Jin Jing Wang ),( Zhao Yue Wang ),( Xi Feng Liu ),( Xue Na Guo ),( Xiu Ping He ),( Pierre Christian Wensel ),( Bo Run Zhang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2010 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.20 No.4

Wideband and 2D vibration energy harvester using multiple magnetoelectric transducers

Jin Yang,Qiangmo Yu,Jiangxin Zhao,Nian Zhao,Yumei Wen,Ping Li 국제구조공학회 2015 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.16 No.4

This paper investigates a magnetoelectric (ME) vibration energy harvester that can scavenge energy in arbitrary directions in a plane as well as wide working bandwidth. In this harvester, a circular cross-section cantilever rod is adopted to extract the external vibration energy due to the capability of it\'s free end oscillating in arbitrary in-plane directions. And permanent magnets are fixed to the free end of the cantilever rod, causing it to experience a non-linear force as it moves with respect to stationary ME transducers and magnets. The magnetically coupled cantilever rod exhibits a nonlinear and two-mode motion, and responds to vibration over a much broader frequency range than a standard cantilever. The effects of the magnetic field distribution and the magnetic force on the harvester\'s voltage response are investigated with the aim to obtain the optimal vibration energy harvesting performances. A prototype harvester was fabricated and experimentally tested, and the experimental results verified that the harvester can extract energy from arbitrary in-plane directions, and had maximum bandwidth of 5.5 Hz, and output power of 0.13 mW at an acceleration of 0.6 g (with g=9.8 ms-2).

Monitoring Enzymes Activity During Vermicomposting of Rural Garbage dosed with Composting Promoter

Chunji Jin,Mengmeng Zhao,Ping Yang 대전대학교 환경문제연구소 2012 환경문제연구소 논문집 Vol.16 No.-

The physical, chemical and biological prarameters during composting process of rural garbage with different dosage of composting promoter were monitored. The results indicated that the addition of 5‰ EM solution to rural garbage was beneficial to growth and reproduction of earthworms after 34 days of pre-composting and 35 days of vermicomposting. C/N ratio, NH₄+-N concentration, and the activity of urease, cellulose and sucrase in treatment sample of 5‰EM were lower than that of other groups, while the NO₃—N concentration was significantly higher than the other treatment groups. 본 연구에서는 물리, 화학, 생물적 처리과정 중 서로 다른 용량의 퇴비가 농촌쓰레기처리공정에서의 수치를 검측하였다. 그 결과, 농촌쓰레기의 5‰ EM 해결시, 지렁이의 생장에 유익했고 34일이 지나면 예비 비료화가 되고, 35일에는 벌레가 자랐다. 5‰ EM 처리 샘플의 C/N비, NH₄+-N농도, 활성화 우레아제, 섬유소와 삭카라아제는 다른 그룹보다 낮았지만 NO₃-N 농도는 다른 그룹보다 선명하게 높았다.

Endophytic Trichoderma gamsii YIM PH30019: a promising biocontrol agent with hyperosmolar, mycoparasitism, and antagonistic activities of induced volatile organic compounds on root-rot pathogenic fungi of Panax notoginseng

Chen, Jin-Lian,Sun, Shi-Zhong,Miao, Cui-Ping,Wu, Kai,Chen, You-Wei,Xu, Li-Hua,Guan, Hui-Lin,Zhao, Li-Xing The Korean Society of Ginseng 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.4

Background: Biocontrol agents are regarded as promising and environmental friendly approaches as agrochemicals for phytodiseases that cause serious environmental and health problems. Trichoderma species have been widely used in suppression of soil-borne pathogens. In this study, an endophytic fungus, Trichoderma gamsii YIM PH30019, from healthy Panax notoginseng root was investigated for its biocontrol potential. Methods: In vitro detached healthy roots, and pot and field experiments were used to investigate the pathogenicity and biocontrol efficacy of T. gamsii YIM PH30019 to the host plant. The antagonistic mechanisms against test phytopathogens were analyzed using dual culture, scanning electron microscopy, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Tolerance to chemical fertilizers was also tested in a series of concentrations. Results: The results indicated that T. gamsii YIM PH30019 was nonpathogenic to the host, presented appreciable biocontrol efficacy, and could tolerate chemical fertilizer concentrations of up to 20%. T. gamsii YIM PH30019 displayed antagonistic activities against the pathogenic fungi of P. notoginseng via production of VOCs. On the basis of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, VOCs were identified as dimethyl disulfide, dibenzofuran, methanethiol, ketones, etc., which are effective ingredients for antagonistic activity. T. gamsii YIM PH30019 was able to improve the seedlings' emergence and protect P. notoginseng plants from soil-borne disease in the continuous cropping field tests. Conclusion: The results suggest that the endophytic fungus T. gamsii YIM PH30019 may have a good potential as a biological control agent against notoginseng phytodiseases and can provide a clue to further illuminate the interactions between Trichoderma and phytopathogens.

Comparison of Bypass Surgery with Drug-Eluting Stents in Diabetic Patients with Left Main Coronary Stenosis

Xiaoxiao Zhao,Yujie Zhou,Hui Song,Like Guan,Guanbin Zheng,Zhehu Jin,Dongmei Shi,Yuzi Li,Yonghe Guo,Guo-Ping Shi,Xian Wu Cheng 연세대학교의과대학 2011 Yonsei medical journal Vol.52 No.6

Purpose: Several studies have compared the effects of coronary stenting and coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) on left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease. However, there are limited data on the long-term outcomes of these two interventions in diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: We evaluated 56 patients with LMCA stenosis who underwent drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation and 116 patients who underwent CABG in a single hospital in China between January 2004 and December 2006. We compared long-term major adverse cardiac events (death; a “serious outcome” composite of death, myocardial infarction, or stroke; and target-vessel revascularization). Results: In-hospital (30-day) mortality was 0% for the DES group and 3.4% for the CABG group (p=0.31). There was no difference between the two groups in terms of risk of death [hazard ratio for stenting group, 0.49; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.13-1.63; p=0.55] or risk of serious outcome (hazard ratio for DES group, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.39-1.45; p=0.47). The target-vessel revascularization rate was higher in the DES group than in the CABG group (hazard ratio, 3.67; 95% CI, 1.24-11.06; p=0.018). Conclusion: In this cohort of diabetic patients with LMCA stenosis, there was no difference in composite endpoints between patients receiving DESs and those undergoing CABG. However, stenting was associated with higher rates of target-vessel revascularization than CABG. DES implantation in diabetic patients with LMCA disease was found to be at least as safe as CABG.

Novel mono-and bi-functional phosphonium salts deriving from toxic phosphine off-gas as efficient catalysts for chemical fixation of CO2

Ju-Ping Dong,Chen Zhao,Jin-Jun Qiu,Cheng-Mei Liu 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.90 No.-

Utilizing phosphine (PH3) tail gas as starting feedstock, a series of novel mono-and bifucntionalphosphonium compounds (P+(CH2CH2CN)3RX , X= Br, I) was prepaed by a sustainable preparation route. The newly prepared phosphonium halides show high thermal stability and their degradationtemperature are far higher than that of CO2 chemicalfixation. The mono-fucntional phosphoniumsalts combinate with ZnBr2 to form an efficient Lewis acid/base type catalytic system for CO2 chemicalfixation and the bifucntional phosphonium salts alone shows same catalytic effects. The effects oftemperature, CO2 pressure, composition of the catalytic system on coupling reaction of CO2 withepoxides are investigated to evaluate the catalytic performance. The results illustrate that 96.7% cyclicCarbonate yield can be obtained in presence of ZnBr2/P+(CH2CH2CN)3C4H9Br (molar ratio = 1:10) under120 C, 1.5MPa of CO2 pressure in solvent-free condition, menawhile bifuntional phiospohonium salt Br-P+(CH2CH2CN)3C2H4COOH alone shows better catalytic perofromance.

Role of microRNAs in myogenesis and their effects on meat quality in pig — A review

Iqbal Ambreen,Ping Jiang,Ali Shaokat,Zhen Gao,Juan Liu,Kang Jin Zi,Ziyi Pan,Huixian Lu,Zhihui Zhao 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.12

The demand for food is increasing day by day because of the increasing global population. Therefore, meat, the easiest and largely available source of protein, needs to be produced in large amounts with good quality. The pork industry is a significant shareholder in fulfilling the global meat demands. Notably, myogenesis- development of muscles during embryogenesis- is a complex mechanism which culminates in meat production. But the molecular mechanisms which govern the myogenesis are less known. The involvement of miRNAs in myogenesis and meat quality, which depends on factors such as myofiber composition and intramuscular fat contents which determine the meat color, flavor, juiciness, and water holding capacity, are being extrapolated to increase both the quantity and quality of pork. Various kinds of microRNAs (miRNAs), miR-1, miR-21, miR22, miR-27, miR-34, miR-127, miR-133, miR-143, miR-155, miR-199, miR-206, miR-208, miR-378, and miR-432 play important roles in pig skeletal muscle development. Further, the quality of meat also depends upon myofiber which is developed through the expression of different kinds of miRNAs at different stages. This review will focus on the mechanism of myogenesis, the role of miRNAs in myogenesis, and meat quality with a focus on the pig.

Improvement of heat and drought photosynthetic tolerance in wheat by overaccumulation of glycinebetaine

Wang, Gui-Ping,Hui, Zhen,Li, Feng,Zhao, Mei-Rong,Zhang, Jin,Wang, Wei The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2010 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.4 No.3

Within their natural habitat, crops are often subjected to drought and heat stress, which suppress crop growth and decrease crop production. Causing overaccumulation of glycinebetaine (GB) has been used to enhance the crop yield under stress. Here, we investigated the response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) photosynthesis to drought, heat stress and their combination with a transgenic wheat line (T6) overaccumulating GB and its wild-type (WT) Shi4185. Drought stress (DS) was imposed by controlling irrigation until the relative water content (RWC) of the flag leaves decreased to between 78 and 82%. Heat stress (HS) was applied by exposing wheat plants to $40^{\circ}C$ for 4 h. A combination of drought and heat stress was applied by subjecting the drought-stressed plants to a heat stress as above. The results indicated that all stresses decreased photosynthesis, but the combination of drought and heat stress exacerbated the negative effects on photosynthesis more than exposure to drought or heat stress alone. Drought stress decreased the transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs) and intercellular $CO_2$ concentration (Ci), while heat stress increased all of these; the deprivation of water was greater under drought stress than heat stress, but heat stress decreased the antioxidant enzyme activity to a greater extent. Overaccumulated GB could alleviate the decrease of photosynthesis caused by all stresses tested. These suggest that GB induces an increase of osmotic adjustments for drought tolerance, while its improvement of the antioxidative defense system including antioxidative enzymes and antioxidants may be more important for heat tolerance.