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허정훈 제주대학교 1990 논문집 Vol.31 No.1
Happiness is not an object of practical reason in Kant's ethics. If an acion is determined by the ground of happiness, it is necessarily heteronomous on Kant's moral pirinciple. Such action is of no moral value and is ignored as irrelevant. Nevertheless Kant does not exclude the possibility to pursue happiness as an object of an action and suggests that happiness is an object to be pursued as a part of the highest good. Therefore, Kant seems to be inconsistant on happiness. This papper shows that Kant's argument is twofold and inconsisteat on the matter of happiness, and examines how Kant's twofold points are related. This paper indicated that happiness was understand from the two different sides in Kant's ethics. One is the matter of the possibility of moral action and the other peculiarity of man as sensible being. Since the principle of happiness does not produce the practical law from the former point of view, it can not be the object of practical reason. But from the latter point of view, from the side of the function of human reason in sensible world, it can be the object of practical reason. At this time, happiness is the conditional object only in human reason as a sensible being. In other words, it can be pursued on condition that it does not violate moral good. Therefore,the relation to be looked as contradition between happiness and the moral is not contradictory, but conditional one.
The Use of Oyster Shell Powders for Water Quality Improvement of Lakes by Algal Blooms Removal
Huh, Jae-Hoon,Choi, Young-Hoon,Lee, Hyun-Jae,Choi, Woo Jeong,Ramakrishna, Chilakala,Lee, Hyoung-Woo,Lee, Shin-Haeng,Ahn, Ji-Whan The Korean Ceramic Society 2016 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.53 No.1
In this year, Koreans have a shortage in agricultural and drinking water due to severe algal blooms generated in major lakes. Waste oyster shells were obtained from temporary storage near the workplace at which oysters were separated from their shells. Heating ($1000^{\circ}C$ for 1 h in air) was employed to convert raw oyster shell powders into calcium oxide powders that reacted efficiently with phosphorus and nitrogen to remove algal blooms from eutrophicated wastewater. As the dispersed amount of heated oyster shell powders was increased, water clarity and visual light penetration were improved. Coagulation, precipitation and carbonation process of the heated oyster shell powders in a water purifier facilitated removal of eutrophication nutrient such as phosphorus and nitrogen, which is both beneficial and economically viable. $CO_2$ implantation by carbonation treatment not only produced thermodynamically stable CaO in oyster shells to derive precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) but also accelerated algal removal by activation of coagulation and precipitation process. The use of oyster shell powders led to a mean reduction of 97% in total phosphate (T-P), a mean reduction of 91% in total nitrogen (T-N) and a maximum reduction of 51% in chemical oxygen demand (COD), compared with the total pollutant load of raw algal solution. Remarkable water quality improvement of algal removal by heated oyster shell powders and PCC carbonation treatment will allow utilization as water resources to agricultural or industrial use.
Huh, Yang Hoon,Lim, Do-Sun,Chung, Kyung Hwun,Kwon, Sun Bang,Jeong, Moon Jin,Jeong, Seong Eun,Yoo, Chong Myong 한국곤충학회 2001 Entomological Research Vol.31 No.2
담배나방의 정소와 상부수정관의 발생 및 정소에서의 정자 이동 양상을 구조 분석을 통해 연구하였다. 각 콩 모양의 유충 정소는 interfollicular septa에 의해 구획되는 4개의 소엽으로 이루어져 있으며, 두 개의 유충 정소는 전용기에 총 8개의 소엽으로 이루어지는 단일 정소로 융합된다. 정소의 융합 직후 비틀림 작용이 일어나 구형의 용-성충기 정소가 형성된다. 정소의 발생동안 정소 내 각 소엽들은 정문으로 집중되는 수정세관들을 통해 상부수정관과 연결된다. 성충기 정소의 상부수정관 벽은 잘 발달된 상피세포들과 이를 감싸는 얇은 단일 근육층으로 이루어져있다. 용 기간 동안 나비목 곤충에서 전형적으로 나타나는 eupyrene정자와 apyrene 정자들이 각 포낭 내에서 분화된다. 사정이 개시됨에 따라 apyrene 포낭들이 eupyrene 포낭들 보다 먼저 정소의 기저막을 통과하며, 이때 apyrene정자들은 포낭으로부터 분리된다. 방출된 eupyrene 정자들은 두꺼운 신월형 외막을 새로이 획득하고, reticular appendage를 계속 지니나 lacinate appendage들은 모두 소실된다. 이상의 형태학적 결과들로 미루어, apyrene정자들이 eupyrene 정자가 정소로부터 수정관으로 이동하는 것을 촉진하는 것으로 판단된다. Developmental profiles of testis and upper vas deferens and aspects of sperm migration from testis in the oriental tobacco budworm, Helicoverpa assulta were investigated through fine structural analysis. The larval testes are bean-shaped, and each one consists of four follicles comparted by interfollicular septa. The two larval testes are fused into a single one consisting of eight follicles at prepupal stage. A torsion force generates in the fused testis immediately lifter the fusion, resulting in a spherical pupal-adult testis. During the testicular development, each intratesticular follicle is connected with upper vas deferens via vas efferens converged at the hilum. In adult, the membranes of upper vas deferens consist of well developed epithelial cells and a thin outer muscle layer. Typical lepidopteran eupyrene and apyrene sperms are differentiated in each of their cysts during pupal development. At ejaculation stage, the apyrene cysts penetrate the basement membrane earlier than eupyrene cysts, and the apyrene sperms are free of their cysts in vas deferens during the penetration. The released eupyrene sperms acquire a new thick coat in crescent shape, and still retain the proper reticular appendages, but lose all the lacinate appendages in vas deferens. From our morphological results, it is considered that the apyrene sperm may facilitate the migration of the eupyrene sperm from the testis to the vas deferens.
허정훈 ( Jeong Hoon Huh ) 한국윤리학회 2013 倫理硏究 Vol.91 No.1
In history of the western ethical thoughts, many theories are devided into two types, consequential theory and deontological theory. These theories has the unsatisfactory implications conflicting with each other. But the unsatisfactory implications does not arise in the moral convictions of well-educated man. Ross`s theory provide an acceptable compromise based on our moral convictions. Pluralism is deeply embedded in our moral thinking. Ross denies that there is one single moral principle or rule. His basic complaint about two types of ethical theories is that each, in a different way, over-simplifies our moral life. Besides pluralism, intuitionism is another distinct feature of his theory. He thinks there are some general basic principles. If any moral knowledge is included in our moral convictions, we must know certain fundamental moral propositions directly. This means that they are self-evident. But although Ross held that the principles of prima facie duty are self-evident, he did not think that we know the stringency of these duties. We only have a probable opinion about the degree of their prima facie obligatorieness. Furthermore, He was sceptical about our ablity to know what our actual duty is in particular situations. But He thinks we can make moral progress step by step by learning more and more about our moral duties, and do our best at balancing conflicting considerations and values. From this view, I will suggest that there are some implications for moral education that may be justified by Ross`s theory.
3D dosimetry by compass program with array detector for volumetric modulated arc therapy
Hyun Do Huh,Sang Hyoun Choi,Sang Hyoun Choi,Hun Jeong Kim,Seong Hoon Kim,Young Hoon Ji,Kum Bae Kim,Dong oh Shin,Suk Lee,Jang Bo Shim,Sam Ju Cho,Sang Hoon Lee,Kwang Hwan Cho,Chul Kee Min 대한방사선방어학회 2011 대한방사선방어학회 학술발표회 논문요약집 Vol.2011 No.11
Cheal Wung Huh,Nak Hoon Son,Young Hoon Youn,Da Hyun Jung,Min Kyung Kim,Eun Jeong Gong,Kyu Chan Huh,Seung Young Kim,Moo In Park,Ju Yup Lee,Joong Goo Kwon,Jae Hak Kim,Cheol Min Shin,Kee Wook Jung,Su Jin 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2023 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.29 No.4
Background/AimsGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder that typically requires long-term maintenance therapy. However, little is known about patient preferences and satisfaction and real-world prescription patterns regarding maintenance therapy for GERD. MethodsThis observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study involved patients from 18 referral hospitals in Korea. We surveyed patients who had been prescribed proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for GERD for at least 90 days with a minimum follow-up duration of 1 year. The main outcome was overall patient satisfaction with different maintenance therapy modalities. ResultsA total of 197 patients were enrolled. Overall patient satisfaction, patient preferences, and GERD health-related quality of life scores did not significantly differ among the maintenance therapy modality groups. However, the on-demand therapy group experienced a significantly longer disease duration than the continuous therapy group. The continuous therapy group demonstrated a lower level of awareness of potential adverse effects associated with PPIs than the on-demand therapy group but received higher doses of PPIs than the on-demand therapy group. The prescribed doses of PPIs also varied based on the phenotype of GERD, with higher doses prescribed for non-erosive reflux disease than erosive reflux disease. ConclusionAlthough overall patient satisfaction did not significantly differ among the different PPI maintenance therapy modality groups, awareness of potential adverse effects was significantly different between the on-demand and continuous therapy groups.
Ha, Mi-Kyoung,Song, Young Hoon,Jeong, Soo-Jin,Lee, Hyo-Jung,Jung, Ji Hoon,Kim, Bonglee,Song, Hyo Sook,Huh, Jeong-Eun,Kim, Sung-Hoon Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2011 BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN Vol.34 No.9
<P>Chronic inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is promoted by proinflammatory cytokines and closely linked to angiogenesis. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methyl-anthraquinone) isolated from the root of <I>Rheum palmatum</I> L. in interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RA synoviocytes under hypoxia. Emodin significantly inhibited IL-1β and LPS-stimulated proliferation of RA synoviocytes in a dose-dependent manner under hypoxic condition. Also, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed that emodin significantly reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-6 and IL-8], mediators [prostagladin E<SUB>2</SUB> (PGE<SUB>2</SUB>), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-13] and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as an angiogenesis biomarker in IL-1β and LPS-treated synoviocytes under hypoxia. Consistently, emodin attenuated the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), VEGF, hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), MMP-1 and MMP-13 at mRNA level in IL-1β and LPS-treated synoviocytes under hypoxia. Furthermore, emodin reduced histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity as well as suppressed the expression of HDAC1, but not HDAC2 in IL-1β and LPS-treated synoviocytes under hypoxia. Overall, these findings suggest that emodin inhibits proinflammatory cytokines and VEGF productions, and HDAC1 activity in hypoxic RA synoviocytes.</P>