http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
제갈덕주(Deok Ju Jegal) 언어과학회 2014 언어과학연구 Vol.0 No.69
The Purpose of this study is to examine the general structure of polysemy and facets. Polysemous words are understood that one lexeme has many sememe. But in recent years, A study about facets and multi-faceted words have been conducted by Cruse(1995), Lim Ji-Ryong(2011) etc. Lim Ji-Ryong(2011) argues that Korean words consist of 3 types. They are monosemous, polysemous, and faceted words. In this paper, I will also accept such an opinion. But I don`t agree that facets are a kind of a word type. I think that polysemy and facets are a kind of characters on a word. So In Jegal Deok-Ju(2013), I have argued that. And In this paper, I will examine the structure where polysemy and facts coexist. To achieve this, this study will be based on Ogden·Richards(1923).
Eupatilin induces Sestrin2-dependent autophagy to prevent oxidative stress
Jegal, K. H.,Ko, H. L.,Park, S. M.,Byun, S. H.,Kang, K. W.,Cho, I. J.,Kim, S. C. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Apoptosis Vol.21 No.5
<P>Eupatilin (5,7-dihydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyflavone) has many pharmacological activities including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer effects. Autophagy is the basic cellular machinery involving the digestion of damaged cellular components. In the present study, we investigated the protection effects of eupatilin against arachidonic acid (AA) and iron-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells and tried to elucidate the molecular mechanisms responsible. Eupatilin increased cell viability against AA + iron in a concentration-dependent manner and prevented mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In addition, AA + iron increased the levels of pro-apoptotic proteins and these changes were prevented by eupatilin. Eupatilin also induced autophagy, as evidenced by the accumulation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain3-II and the detection of autophagic vacuoles. Furthermore, the protective effects of eupatilin on mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS production were significantly abolished by autophagy inhibitors. Eupatilin also increased the mRNA level of sestrin-2 and its promoter-driven reporter gene activity, which resulted in the up-regulation of sestrin-2 protein. Finally, gene silencing using sestrin-2 siRNA and the ectopic expression of recombinant adenoviral sestrin-2 indicated that sestrin-2 induction by eupatilin was required for autophagy-mediated cytoprotection against AA + iron. Our results suggest that eupatilin activates sestrin-2-dependent autophagy, thereby preventing oxidative stress induced by AA + iron.</P>
Jegal, K.H.,Park, S.M.,Cho, S.S.,Byun, S.H.,Ku, S.K.,Kim, S.C.,Ki, S.H.,Cho, I.J. Elsevier Biomedical Press 2017 Biochimica et biophysica acta, Molecular cell rese Vol.1864 No.7
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is characterized by an accumulation of misfolded proteins, and ER stress reduction is essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis. However, the molecular mechanisms that protect cells from ER stress are not completely understood. The present study investigated the role of sestrin 2 (SESN2) on ER stress and sought to elucidate the mechanism responsible for the hepatoprotective effect of SESN2 in vitro and in vivo. Treatment with tunicamycin (Tm) increased SESN2 protein and mRNA levels and reporter gene activity. Activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) bound to unfolded protein response elements of SESN2 promoter, transactivated SESN2, and increased SESN2 protein expression. In addition, dominant negative mutant of ATF6α and siRNA against ATF6α blocked the ER stress-mediated SESN2 induction, whereas chemical inhibition of PERK or IRE1 did not affect SESN2 induction by Tm. Ectopic expression of SESN2 in HepG2 cells inhibited CHOP and GRP78 expressions by Tm. Moreover, SESN2 decreased the phosphorylations of JNK and p38 and PARP cleavage, and blocked the cytotoxic effect of excessive ER stress. In a Tm-induced liver injury model, adenoviral delivery of SESN2 in mice decreased serum ALT, AST and LDH activities and the mRNA levels of CHOP and GRP78 in hepatic tissues. Moreover, SESN2 reduced numbers of degenerating hepatocytes, and inhibited caspase 3 and PARP cleavages. These results suggest ATF6 is essential for ER stress-mediated SESN2 induction, and that SESN2 acts as a feedback regulator to protect liver from excess ER stress.
Jegal, Jong-Pil,Kim, Kwang-Bum Elsevier 2013 Journal of Power Sources Vol.243 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Carbon nanotube-embedding LiFePO<SUB>4</SUB> is synthesized via a solution-based two-step method. The embedded carbon nanotubes are found to improve electron and ion transfer, resulting in excellent high rate capability. An electrode of the nanocomposite, prepared without additional conducting agent, delivers a discharge capacity of 165 mAh g<SUP>−1</SUP> at 0.1 C, 120 mAh g<SUP>−1</SUP> at 30 C, and 78 mAh g<SUP>−1</SUP> at 120 C, based on the weight of LiFePO<SUB>4</SUB>. Furthermore, the discharge curve at a discharge rate of 60 C retains the potential plateau above 3.0 V.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> CNTs embedded within LiFePO<SUB>4</SUB> allows for high electronic conductivity. </LI> <LI> Cross-linked CNT imparts interconnected pore structure to the electrode. </LI> <LI> It shows excellent rate capability up to 100 C without additional conducting agent. </LI> <LI> Discharge capacity at 60 C was mainly obtained from the plateau retained above 3.0 V. </LI> </UL> </P>
Jegal, Hyuk,Jun, Hyun Ju,Kim, Ki Jong International Academy of Physical Therapy Research 2015 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.6 No.1
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship the quality of life, osteoarthritis and osteoporosis in the Republic of Korea. This study was utilized raw data from the 2010 KCHS. In total, 229,229 individuals participated in the 2010 survey. The final analysis was identified 22,545 individuals who had been diagnosed by a doctor with arthritis or osteoporosis. To identify the relationship between the quality of life - related after treated or treating of arthritis, osteoporosis, A multiple linear regression analysis was performed. Treating group for osteoarthritis of their quality of life has statistically been less than after treated group(B=-.068, p<.001). Treating group for osteoporosis of their quality of life has statistically been less than after treated group(B=-.083, p<.001). Non-treatment group who was diagnosed by doctor, but no treated subject for osteoarthritis of their quality of life has statistically been less than after treated group(B=-.075, p<.001). Non-treatment group that was diagnosed by doctor, but no treated subject for osteoporosis of their quality of life has statistically been less than after treated group(B=-.045, p<.001). Non-treatment group who was diagnosed by doctor, but no treated subject for osteoporosis and arthritis of their quality of life has statistically been less than after treated group(B=-.0121, p<.001). as a result of those data, we understand that the decision maker for treatment has been chosen by quality of life, including pain, mobility activity and so on.
Jegal, Hyuk,Kim, Ki Jong,Jun, Hyun Ju International Academy of Physical Therapy Research 2014 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.5 No.2
The aim of this research was to investigate how the effects of body supported treadmill training with visual feedback affect the gait factors of stroke patients. Thirty subjects (21 male, 9 female) with a diagnosis of stroke were taken to the hospital to participate in this study. The subjects received body supported treadmill training with visual feedback. The training was executed for 6 minutes, 3 times a day per week for 19 weeks after general exercise. The effects of the visual feedback in the body supported treadmill training were evaluated by measuring the average gait cycle and the average step length of the affected and unaffected. The collected data were statistically analyzed by using a paired t-test. The results of this study were a significant improvement of the average gait cycle and no statistically significant difference of the average step length. The gait cycle average had a statistically significant difference in gender, age, etiology, paretic side, and step length average. There was no statistically significant difference in infarction within etiology. Therefore, it was necessary to apply the easy and simple with the treadmill training in the rehabilitation of the stroke patients. This study will require a variety of outcome measures related to the effects of treadmill training with gait factors.
Physiology Is a Stronger Predictor of Survival than Pathology in Fibrotic Interstitial Pneumonia
Jegal, Yangjin,Kim, Dong Soon,Shim, Tae Sun,Lim, Chae-Man,Do Lee, Sang,Koh, Younsuck,Kim, Woo Sung,Kim, Won Dong,Lee, Jin Seong,Travis, William D.,Kitaichi, Masanori,Colby, Thomas V. American Thoracic Society 2005 American journal of respiratory and critical care Vol.171 No.6
<P>The histopathologic pattern provides the most important prognostic marker for idiopathic interstitial pneumonia; however, studies have suggested that short-term changes in lung function may be more important. We investigated the prognostic factors for fibrotic interstitial pneumonia. The clinical features and follow-up course of 179 patients (131 with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and 48 with nonspecific interstitial pneumonia; 41 fibrotic types and 7 cellular) were analyzed retrospectively. The lung function indices improved or stabilized in most patients with fibrotic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia in contrast to the deterioration or stable condition of most patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The 5-year survival of patients with fibrotic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (76.2%) was better than for those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (43.8%) (p = 0.007). Multivariate analysis at the time of presentation revealed that pathologic pattern, age, and diffusion capacity had important prognostic implications. However, after 6 months of follow-up, changes in FVC, initial diffusion capacity, and sex were the only independent prognostic factors, with no additional prognostic information conferred by the histologic diagnosis. Our data confirmed the importance of physiological parameters including short-term change in FVC. However, at the time of diagnosis, histopathology was important for the prediction of prognosis and future change in lung function.</P>