Variability in the Adaptive Response of Antibiotic-Resistant <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium to Environmental Stresses

Uddin, Md Jalal,Jeon, Gibeom,Ahn, Juhee Mary Ann Liebert 2019 Microbial drug resistance Vol.25 No.2

Assessment of antibiotic resistance in bacteriophage-insensitive <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>

Uddin, Md Jalal,Kim, Beomseok,Dawan, Jirapat,Ding, Tian,Kim, Jin-Chul,Ahn, Juhee Academic Press 2019 Microbial Pathogenesis Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study was design to evaluate the physiological properties of bacteriophage-insensitive <I>Klebsiella pneumoniae</I> (BIKP) mutants in association with the antibiotic cross-resistance, β-lactamase activity, and gene expression. <I>Klebsiella pneumoniae</I> ATCC 23357(KP<SUP>WT</SUP>), ciprofloxacin-induced antibiotic-resistant <I>K</I>. <I>pneumoniae</I> ATCC 23357 (KP<SUP>CIP</SUP>), and clinically isolated antibiotic-resistant <I>K</I>. <I>pneumoniae</I> 10263 (KP<SUP>CLI</SUP>) were used to isolate BIKP mutants against KPB1, PBKP02, PBKP21, PBKP29, PBKP33, and PBKP35. PBKP35-induced mutants, including bacteriophage-insensitive <I>K</I>. <I>pneumoniae</I> ATCC 23357 (BIKP<SUP>WT</SUP>), ciprofloxacin-induced <I>K. pneumoniae</I> ATCC 23357 (BIKP<SUP>CIP</SUP>), and clinically isolated antibiotic-resistant <I>K. pneumoniae</I> CCARM 10263 (BIKP<SUP>CLI</SUP>). BIKP<SUP>WT</SUP>, BIKP<SUP>CIP</SUP>, and BIKP<SUP>CLI</SUP> were resistant to <I>Klebsiella</I> bacteriophages, KPB1, PBKP02, PBKP21, PBKP29, and PBKP33. The antibiotic cross-resistance to cefotaxime, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, kanamycin, levofloxacin, and nalidixic acid was observed in BIKP<SUP>WT</SUP>. The relative expression levels of <I>vagC</I> was increased by more than 8-folds in BIKP<SUP>WT</SUP>, corresponding to the increased β-lactamase activity. The <I>aac(6′)-Ib-cr</I> was overexpressed in BIKP mutants, responsible for aminoglycoside and quinolone resistance. The phage-resistant mutants decreased the antibiotic susceptibilities in association with β-lactamase activity and antibiotic resistance-related gene expression. The results pointed out the cross-resistance of BIKP mutants to antibiotics, which might be considered when applying for the therapeutic use of bacteriophage.</P>

Characterization of β-lactamase- and efflux pump-mediated multiple antibiotic resistance in Salmonella Typhimurium

Uddin, Md. Jalal,Ahn, Juhee Korean Society of Food Science and Technology 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.3

This study aimed to assess the ${\beta}$-lactamase- and efflux pump-mediated antibiotic resistance in Salmonella Typhimurium (WT-ST), ciprofloxacin-induced antibiotic-resistant S. Typhimurium (CI-ST), and clinically-acquired antibiotic-resistant S. Typhimurium (CA-ST). The ${\beta}$-lactamase activities were significantly increased up to $63{\mu}mol/min/mL$ in CA-ST and $24{\mu}mol/min/mL$ in CI-ST when compared to WT-ST ($13{\mu}mol/min/mL$). The highest efflux pump activity was observed in CI-ST and CA-ST, showing more than 45%. The antibiotic susceptibilities of WT-ST, CI-ST, and CA-ST were increased in the presence of ${\beta}$-lactamase and efflux pump inhibitors. CA-ST showed the highest activity in AcrD, MdtABC, EmrAB, MdtK, and MacAB efflux pumps. The repressed ompF were responsible for the decreased susceptibility of CA-ST to ampicillin (MIC > $512{\mu}g/mL$). This study would provide useful information for better understating of the development of multidrug resistance in association with ${\beta}$-lactamase and efflux pump activities and designing new antibiotic chemotherapy in combination with inhibitors.

Proteomics-based discrimination of differentially expressed proteins in antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus

Uddin, Md Jalal,Ma, Choong Je,Kim, Jin-Chul,Ahn, Juhee Springer-Verlag 2019 Archives of microbiology Vol.201 No.9

Characterization of b-lactamase- and efflux pump-mediated multiple antibiotic resistance in Salmonella Typhimurium

Md. Jalal Uddin,안주희 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.3

This study aimed to assess the b-lactamase- and efflux pump-mediated antibiotic resistance in Salmonella Typhimurium (WT-ST), ciprofloxacin-induced antibioticresistant S. Typhimurium (CI-ST), and clinically-acquired antibiotic-resistant S. Typhimurium (CA-ST). The b-lactamase activities were significantly increased up to 63 lmol/min/mL in CA-ST and 24 lmol/min/mL in CI-ST when compared to WT-ST (13 lmol/min/mL). The highest efflux pump activity was observed in CI-ST and CA-ST, showing more than 45%. The antibiotic susceptibilities of WT-ST, CI-ST, and CA-ST were increased in the presence of b-lactamase and efflux pump inhibitors. CA-ST showed the highest activity in AcrD, MdtABC, EmrAB, MdtK, and MacAB efflux pumps. The repressed ompF were responsible for the decreased susceptibility of CA-ST to ampicillin (MIC[512 lg/mL). This study would provide useful information for better understating of the development of multidrug resistance in association with b-lactamase and efflux pump activities and designing new antibiotic chemotherapy in combination with inhibitors.

Infantile Colic: A Survey of Physicians in Pakistan

Muhammad Saif Jalal,Syed Zafar Mehdi,Jalal Uddin Akber,Murtaza Ali Gowa,Carlos Lifschitz 대한소아소화기영양학회 2024 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.27 No.3

Purpose: Infantile colic diagnostic criteria were established by Rome IV. A universally accepted management remains to be established. We aimed to evaluate diagnostic criteria, management strategies, and perceived regional prevalence of infantile colic in Pakistan, as well as its effect on physicians and parents. Methods: A questionnaire was distributed amongst 1,256 physicians. Results: We received 800 replies. Wessel and Rome IV criteria were used by most physicians for diagnosis; however, the response “any infant who cries a lot” was selected by older physicians (48% of those over 60 years), physicians in rural areas (32%), physicians practicing in private clinics (27%), and general physicians (30%). Estimated prevalence of infantile colic ranges from 21–40%. Reassurance was the most widely recommended management strategy followed by herbal teas (51%), switching to a different formula (49%), probiotics (28%) and antibiotics (26%), discontinuation of breastfeeding (14%), elimination of dairy products from the breastfeeding mothers’ diet (6%), and the administration of colic drops (1%). Most physicians considered the negative impact of colic on their personal lives and the parents as mild-to-moderate. Notably, 38% of percent of physicians routinely screened for maternal depression, and 45% of physicians were aware of the association between infantile colic and shaken baby syndrome. Conclusion: Most physicians in Pakistan diagnose and manage infantile colic according to the established guidelines. However, the guidelines pertaining to treatment planning are not followed. Educational efforts directed toward general physicians and doctors practicing in rural areas and clinics must be implemented to avoid unnecessary testing and treatment burden.

Recognition of Human Home Activities via Depth Silhouettes and ℜ Transformation for Smart Homes

Jalal, Ahmad,Uddin, Md. Zia,Kim, Jeong Tai,Kim, Tae-Seong SAGE Publications 2012 Indoor + built environment Vol.21 No.1

Variation of Wheat Cultivars in Their Relationship between Seed Reserve Utilization and Leaf Temperature under Elevated Temperature

Soyema Khatun,Jalal Uddin Ahmed,Mohammed Mohi-Ud-Din 한국작물학회 2015 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.18 No.2

An investigation on physiological changes was carried out in three wheat genotypes (BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 26, and Pavon 76) through seed reserve utilization efficiency (SRUE) and leaf cooling under normal (15 / 25°C) and elevated (25 / 35°C) temperatures in the growth chamber. At high temperature, Pavon 76 required more days to initiate the fully autotrophic stage. After germination, seedling and remnant seed dry weight was the same at day 5 in BARI Gom 26 and day 6 in BARI Gom 25 and Pavon 76. At high temperature, maximum translocation efficiency and seed reserve utilization efficiency (SRUE) were observed in BARI Gom 26 and at a minimum value in Pavon 76. High leaf cooling was recorded in BARI Gom 26. At high temperature, due to high leaf temperature and low transpiration rate of Pavon 76, maximum reduction of seedling growth was recorded in Pavon 76 (17%) as compared to minimum in BARI Gom 26 (5%). It appeared from the result that at high temperature the better seed reserved utilization efficiency and subsequently larger leaf cooling collectively contributed a positive role for seedling development in BARI Gom 25 and BARI Gom 26. The relationship of seed reserve utilization efficiency and leaf temperature were prominent in the case of Pavon 76 (r = -0.768) compared to other genotypes. This relationship indicated that Pavon 76 was the most sensitive genotype and BARI Gom 25 and BARI Gom 26 was the tolerant genotype to heat stress in respect to seed reserve utilization efficiency during seed reserve dependent phase and leaf temperature of photosynthetic-dependent phase

A disposable on-chip microvalve and pump for programmable microfluidics

Im, Sung B.,Uddin, M. Jalal,Jin, Gyeong J.,Shim, Joon S. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Lab on a chip Vol.18 No.9

<P>In this work, a low-cost PDMS micro-pump and -valve have been designed and developed to control multiple reagents for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on a programmable lab-on-a-chip (LOC) platform. The micro pump and valves were precisely controlled by selectively pressurizing the PDMS channels and chamber to actuate the multiple reagents in a controlled manner. Selective pressurizing of the PDMS structures was initiated by a simple system that maneuvered a single roller bar operated by a programmed microprocessor. The performance of the micro-pump was fully characterized and a minimum fluid volume of 1 μL was controlled. Also, the on-chip microvalves were programmed to flow the multiple reagents to automatically process the multi-step ELISA procedures. By applying the proposed platform, 19.40 pg ml<SUP>−1</SUP> cardiac troponin T (cTnT) was successfully detected on the LOC device by using multiple programmed valves as multiple steps of the enzyme-linked sandwich immunoassay. As a result, the developed micro-pump and -valve, which were successfully applied to actuate a series of solutions in a controlled manner, can be widely applied to lab-on-a-chip based bioassays.</P>

A smartphone-based optical platform for colorimetric analysis of microfluidic device

Kim, Sang C.,Jalal, Uddin M.,Im, Sung B.,Ko, Sungho,Shim, Joon S. Elsevier 2017 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.239 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this work, a smartphone based optical platform for colorimetric analysis of blood hematocrit using a disposable microfluidic device is designed, implemented and fully characterized. Using an integrated camera in the smartphone, pictures of human blood in the microchannel were taken and analyzed by a mobile application. To avoid the image burning and ambient light effect, a unique light-diffusing model inside a white acrylic-imaging box was included in this platform. With the image-processing program on the smartphone, the developed device was successfully applied to determine various hematocrit levels of human blood from 10% to 65%. Furthermore, the characterization of the depth of the microfluidic channel demonstrated that a shallower depth of the microchannel enhanced the sensitivity of the hematocrit determination. The limit of detection (LOD) obtained from the developed platform was 0.1% of hematocrit with a sensitivity of 0.53 GSV (a.u.)/hematocrit%. Thus, utilizing the advantage of the microfluidic effect, a rapid and sensitive hematocrit determination was achieved successfully. With this, the hematocrit of human blood could be conveniently and accurately determined using the disposable microfluidic device, and then processed by the smartphone camera and mobile image analysis application.</P>