해외 고등교육 Ⅱ-피츠버그대학교의 교직원 능력 향상을 위한 방안

Jacob,W. James,조상덕,Jacob, W. James,Jo, Sang-Deok 한국대학교육협의회 2008 大學敎育 Vol.152 No.-

PRE-SPAWNING SPAWNING BEHAVIOURAL EVENTS OF A NEWLY DESCRIBED SPECIES, Puntius pookodensis (A.MERCY &E JACOB)

Eapen Jacob,T.V. Anna Mercy 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2015 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.5

Rethinking Idiom : Changing Notions of Idiom and the Effect on Second Language Teaching

Jacobs, Jeffrey C. 안양대학교 人文科學硏究所 1998 人文科學硏究 Vol.5 No.2

In sampling the literature on idioms published in ESL journals over the last ten years, I have gained an awareness of the kinds of language that fall into this linguistic category. Unquestionably, there is more to idiom than meets the eye, and all ESL teachers and students will therefore profit by a greater understanding of idiom and its role in second language acquisition. Philosophy- the philosophy of language- an also contribute to any understanding of idiom as it relates to second language acquisition. For both students and teachers of ESL there is always the question of what any particular idiom means, and whether any connection exists between the words (or word) of an idiom and its meaning, and whether that connection is worth examining for either intrinsic or practical reasons. There are those who think of the word-to-meaning connection as purely arbitrary, a source of confusion to students, while others think this connection is worth examining, and it may well be. particularly in light of recent studies in the philosophy of language undertaken by Mark Johnson (1987) and George Lakoff (1989) regarding 'maginative structures'- image schemata, polysemy, metonym, metaphor- which, in their view, all speakers of language use, and must use from earliest childhood on, as they interpret the world to create new meaning. Whether or not ESL teachers approach the subject of idiom philosophically, they can avail themselves of the collective practical experience of others who have taught and thought about idiom as it is reflected in their books and articles. In these, the term idiom may be used narrowly, broadly, or not at all, being sometimes replaced by more descriptive terms: 'formulaic speech' (Ellis 1983) or 'fixed expressions' (Alexander 1984), but for simplicity. I will continue using 'idiom' here in its broadest sense. Whatever specialized definition is used. I think we can agree that idioms are recurring items within a language, cropping up again and again. Teachers will want to recognize repeating items in the midst of newly composed language- the idea being that if idioms are repeatable, they're teachable, and L2 (i.e. second language) students will want to learn them so they can repeat them along with native speakers. Awareness of idioms, however is a skill that must be developed in both teacher and student alike. This is because native speakers can quickly speak, read, and write idioms, passing over them unawares, even as their students stumble on to them, unaware of the special meanings attached to them. ESL teachers therefore need to distinguish these repeatable items from the rest of language, teaching L2 students to do the same. Once idioms are recognized, students that have been provided with the right tools can begin to deal with them by either constructing a probable meaning from clues within the idiom itself, or deducing the meaning from the context. or both. As a starting point, however, we may do well to rethink the whole idea of idiom, perhaps expanding our notions somewhat.

Numerical Study on the Effect of Equivalence Ratio on Rotating Detonation Engine Flow field

Jacobs Somnic,Foluso Ladeinde 한국추진공학회 2019 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

Rotating detonation engines (RDEs) have been extensively investigated recently as a candidate for an air-breathing propulsive system with high thermal efficiency, with most of the studies focusing on premixed combustion under stoichiometric conditions. Because a purely stoichiometric condition cannot be ascertained in realistic applications, the knowledge of the effects of equivalence ratio becomes very important. The present study has the objective of investigating the effects of equivalence ratio on premixed combustion in a realistic RDE system. For this purpose, both one-dimensional and two-dimensional spatial models are studied. The effects on the pressure, temperature, and chemical species distributions will be presented. A basic RDE is shown in Fig. 1. The combustion chamber is an annular ring, where the direction of flow is from the head end (bottom in figure) to the exit plane (top of figure). In experimental study, the fuel and oxidizer are injected separately into the combustion chamber to avoid backfire [2]. The mixing process occurs inside the combustion chamber while detonation wave propagates circumferentially to consume fresh reactive mixture. Schwer et al. [2] investigated the flow field of RDE in general and observed the effect of stagnation and back pressure on an RDE. In addition, Schwer et al.[3] also examined the fluid dynamics of rotating detonation engines with hydrogen and hydrocarbon fuels. Jin Zhou et al.[4] studied the effects of injection nozzle exit width on rotating detonation engine. These studies pertain to stoichiometric conditions. Only a handful of studies have investigated the effects of equivalent ratio. Wang et al.[5] recently investigated the effects of equivalence ratio and found that as the equivalence ratio increases, the velocity of the rotating detonation wave first increases and then decreases. Baoxing et al [6] experimentally studied the effects of equivalence ratio on RDE and found that for their engine model operating with equivalence ratio from 0.42 to 1.43, the rotating detonation wave was successfully initiated, and propagation self-sustained. In this study, we are interested to see how equivalence ratio influence RDE flow field in general. Furthermore, we want to see how it affects the detonation wave structure Key Words: Rotating Detonation Engine, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Supersonic Combustion, Equivalence Ratio.

THE CONTRIBUTION OF PATRIMONIAL THEORY IN EXPLAINING THE ROOTS OF AND GUIDING ASIAN DEVELOPMENT IN THE TWENTY - FIRST CENTURY : A THEORETICAL INTRODUCTION

Jacobs, Norman 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 1989 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.13 No.2

The Present and Future of Teaching and Research in Business Education in Germany

Jacobs, Otto H. 韓國經營硏究所 1990 經營論集 Vol.24 No.4

Articles : A Comparison of the Effects of Canadian and U.S. Policy Shocks on Canadian Flow-of-Funds Variables

( Jacob Cohen ),( Steven Husted ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 1987 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.2 No.1

Natural Iminosugar Derivatives of 1-Deoxynojirimycin Inhibit Glycosylation of Hepatitis Viral Envelope Proteins

Jacob, James R.,Mansfield, Keith,You, Jung-Eun,Tennant, Bud C.,Kim, Young-Ho The Microbiological Society of Korea 2007 The journal of microbiology Vol.45 No.5

A silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) extract known to contain naturally occurring iminosugars, including 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) derived from the mulberry tree (Morus alba L.), was evaluated in surrogate HCV and HBV in vitro assays. Antiviral activity of the silkworm extract and one of its purified constituents, 1-DNJ, was demonstrated against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and GB virus-B (GBV-B), both members of the Flaviviridae family, and against woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV), both members of the Hepadnaviridae family of viruses. The silkworm extract exhibited a 1,300 fold greater antiviral effect against BVDV in comparison to purified 1-DNJ. Glycoprotein processing of BVDV envelope proteins was disrupted upon treatment with the naturally derived components. The glycosylation of the WHV envelope proteins was affected largely by treatment with the silkworm extract than with purified 1-DNJ as well. The mechanism of action for this therapy may lie in the generation of defective particles that are unable to initiate the next cycle of infection as demonstrated by inhibition of GBV-B in vitro. We postulate that the five constituent iminosugars present in the silkworm extract contribute, in a synergistic manner, toward the antiviral effects observed for the inhibition of intact maturation of hepatitis viral particles and may complement conventional therapies. These results indicate that pre-clinical testing of the natural silkworm extract with regards to the efficacy of treatment against viral hepatitis infections can be evaluated in the respective animal models, in preparation for clinical trials in humans.

THE CONTRIBUTION OF PATRIMONIAL THEORY IN EXPLAINING THE ROOTS OF AND GUIDING ASIAN DEVELOPMENT IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: A THEORETICAL INTRODUCTION

Jacobs, Norman The Institute for Far Eastern Studies Kyungnam Uni 1989 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.13 No.2

At the risk of seeming to resuscitate a theory whose cachet belongs to the history of our discipline rather than to contemporary sociology, I wish to offer for 9re-)consideration a patrimonial interpretation of the continental Asian agricultural societies and their modern successors. The patrimonialism I am advocating is not coincident with other users of the theory, including those of its founding giants, Karl Marx and especially for sociologists, Max Weber(Hobsbawm, 1964, and especially Weber: chs. 12, and 13). For although I freely concede I stand on their shoulders, the critical input of subsequent observers and my own research and especially practical field experience in Asia over some four decades have clearly indicated to me that the classical patrimonial idea must be reformulated and operationally so, if it is to be both a valid and useful instrument in the sociological study of Asian societies, whether historical or contemporary.

WHAT'S IN A NAME? GRASPING NEW PUBLIC GOVERNANCE AS A POLITICALADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM

JACOB TORFING,PETER TRIANTAFILLOU 한국행정학회 2013 International Review of Public Administration Vol.18 No.2

New participatory, interactive, and less direct forms of governing seem currently to be unfolding in many liberal democracies. Some scholars have tried to conceptualize these forms of governing by using the notion of new public governance (NPG). While promising, the notion remains conceptually underdeveloped. This article first aims to develop NPG from an empirical to an analytical concept that enables categorization and evaluation of new forms of governing. In order to gauge the full scope of the current transformations we draw on David Easton’s system theoretical model to identify the constitutive elements of NPG and show how they differ from those elements underpinning classical public administration and new public management. The second aim of the article is to delineate the main challenges that NPG poses for public management and policymaking in a complex and fragmented world. We conclude by reflecting on the need for metagovernance in order to handle the challenges and bring out the positive impact of NPG on normative performance goals such as efficiency, democracy, and innovation.