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Solid free form fabrication of silicon carbide cross flow filters
J. Homa,S. Zellhofer,J. Stampfl 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2009 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.10 No.1
The paper presents a way to fabricate design prototypes for ceramic diesel particulate cross flow filters by a solid free form fabrication process. Due to the strong undercuts of the structure fugitive wax molds have to be used. The wax mold, which is either produced by rapid prototyping or by stacking milled wax layers, is filled with a ceramic slurry. Gelcasting, a ceramic forming technique for complex shapes, was used in combination with the fugitive wax molds to produce monolithic cross flow diesel particulate filters (DPF). The gelcast cross flow filters have dimensions from 20 × 30 × 28 mm³ to 90 × 90 × 40 mm³ and wall thickness from 0.4 to 1 mm. The material used is recrystallized silicon carbide (RSiC), because it has an inherent porosity, good thermal shock resistance and a non-shrinking sintering behavior. Furthermore the binder removal and the sintering are discussed. The paper presents a way to fabricate design prototypes for ceramic diesel particulate cross flow filters by a solid free form fabrication process. Due to the strong undercuts of the structure fugitive wax molds have to be used. The wax mold, which is either produced by rapid prototyping or by stacking milled wax layers, is filled with a ceramic slurry. Gelcasting, a ceramic forming technique for complex shapes, was used in combination with the fugitive wax molds to produce monolithic cross flow diesel particulate filters (DPF). The gelcast cross flow filters have dimensions from 20 × 30 × 28 mm³ to 90 × 90 × 40 mm³ and wall thickness from 0.4 to 1 mm. The material used is recrystallized silicon carbide (RSiC), because it has an inherent porosity, good thermal shock resistance and a non-shrinking sintering behavior. Furthermore the binder removal and the sintering are discussed.
Aerobic bacteria from oral cavities and cloaca of snakes in a petting zoo
Jho, Yeon-Sook,Park, Dae-Hun,Lee, Jong-Hwa,Lyoo, Young S. The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2011 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.51 No.3
It is important to identify the bacteria in snakes because they can cause disease; importantly, bacteria such as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris etc. could be pathogens especially in hospitalized, debilitated hosts, and immunocompromised patients. To analyze the distribution of snakes' bacteria in petting zoo, samples from 20 snakes were collected from 2002 to 2008. Nine bacteria species were isolated from both oral and cloaca while four and six species were identified only from oral and cloaca, respectively. Except for Actinobacter sp., all of the identified strains are opportunistic pathogens, and most of them can cause nosocomial infections in humans. Present results indicate that prevalence of various zoonotic bacterial strains in snakes could be involved in potential transfer of these bacteria into caretakers and other animals. Therefore, it needs to examine the antibiotic resistance of these pathogens to prevent outbreaks.