Production and Biochemical Characterization of Fermented Black Pepper by Monascus purpureus

Md. Aminul Islam Apu,Thi Thanh Hanh Nguyen,Sohyung Kwak,Juho Lim,Doman Kim 한국식품영양학회 2021 한국식품영양학회 학술대회논문집(학술심포지움) Vol.2021 No.11

Protective effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid on heat stress in bovine mammary epithelial cells

Islam Md Aminul,Noguchi Yoko,Taniguchi Shin,Yonekura Shinichi 아세아·태평양축산학회 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.6

Objective: Cells have increased susceptibility to activation of apoptosis when suffering heat stress (HS). An effective supplementation strategy to mimic heat-induced apoptosis of bovine mammary epithelial cells (MECs) is necessary to maintain optimal milk production. This study aimed to investigate possible protective effects of the anti-apoptotic activity of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) against HS-induced damage of bovine MECs. Methods: Bovine MECs were pretreated with or without 5-ALA at concentrations of 10, 100, and 500 μM for 24 h followed by HS (42.5°C for 24 h and 48 h). Cell viability was measured with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to explore the regulation of genes associated with apoptosis, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress genes. Results: We found that 5-ALA induces cytoprotection via inhibition of apoptosis markers after HS-induced damage. Pretreatment of bovine MECs with 5-ALA resulted in dramatic upregulation of mRNA for nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like factor 2, heme oxygenase-1, and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1, all of which are antioxidant stress genes. Moreover, 5-ALA pretreatment significantly suppressed HS-induced ER stress-associated markers, glucose-regulated protein 78, and C/EBP homologous protein expression levels. Conclusion: 5-ALA can ameliorate the ER stress in heat stressed bovine MEC via enhancing the expression of antioxidant gene. Objective: Cells have increased susceptibility to activation of apoptosis when suffering heat stress (HS). An effective supplementation strategy to mimic heat-induced apoptosis of bovine mammary epithelial cells (MECs) is necessary to maintain optimal milk production. This study aimed to investigate possible protective effects of the anti-apoptotic activity of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) against HS-induced damage of bovine MECs.Methods: Bovine MECs were pretreated with or without 5-ALA at concentrations of 10, 100, and 500 μM for 24 h followed by HS (42.5°C for 24 h and 48 h). Cell viability was measured with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to explore the regulation of genes associated with apoptosis, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress genes.Results: We found that 5-ALA induces cytoprotection via inhibition of apoptosis markers after HS-induced damage. Pretreatment of bovine MECs with 5-ALA resulted in dramatic upregulation of mRNA for nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like factor 2, heme oxygenase-1, and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1, all of which are antioxidant stress genes. Moreover, 5-ALA pretreatment significantly suppressed HS-induced ER stress-associated markers, glucose-regulated protein 78, and C/EBP homologous protein expression levels.Conclusion: 5-ALA can ameliorate the ER stress in heat stressed bovine MEC via enhancing the expression of antioxidant gene.

Effects of starvation-induced negative energy balance on endoplasmic reticulum stress in the liver of cows

Islam Md Aminul,Adachi Shuya,Shiiba Yuichiroh,Takeda Ken-ichi,Haga Satoshi,Yonekura Shinichi 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.1

Objective: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress engages the unfolded protein response (UPR) that serves as an important mechanism for modulating hepatic fatty acid oxidation and lipogenesis. Chronic fasting in mice induced the UPR activation to regulate lipid metabolism. However, there is no direct evidence of whether negative energy balance (NEB) induces ER stress in the liver of cows. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between the NEB attributed to feed deprivation and ER stress in bovine hepatocytes. Methods: Blood samples and liver biopsy tissues were collected from 6 non-lactating cows before and after their starvation for 48 h. The blood non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) and glucose level were analyzed. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to explore the regulation of genes associated with UPR and lipid metabolism. Results: The starvation increased the plasma BHBA and NEFA levels and decreased the glucose level. Additionally, the starvation caused significant increases in the mRNA expression level of spliced X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1s) and the protein level of phosphorylated inositol-requiring kinase 1 alpha (p-IRE1α; an upstream protein of XBP1) in the liver. The mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and its target fatty acid oxidation- and ketogenesis-related genes were significantly upregulated by the starvation-mediated NEB. Furthermore, we found that the mRNA expression levels of lipogenic genes were not significantly changed after starvation. Conclusion: These findings suggest that in the initial stage of NEB in dairy cows, the liver coordinates an adaptive response by activating the IRE1 arm of the UPR to enhance ketogenesis, thereby avoiding a fatty liver status. Objective: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress engages the unfolded protein response (UPR) that serves as an important mechanism for modulating hepatic fatty acid oxidation and lipogenesis. Chronic fasting in mice induced the UPR activation to regulate lipid metabolism. However, there is no direct evidence of whether negative energy balance (NEB) induces ER stress in the liver of cows. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between the NEB attributed to feed deprivation and ER stress in bovine hepatocytes.Methods: Blood samples and liver biopsy tissues were collected from 6 non-lactating cows before and after their starvation for 48 h. The blood non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) and glucose level were analyzed. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to explore the regulation of genes associated with UPR and lipid metabolism.Results: The starvation increased the plasma BHBA and NEFA levels and decreased the glucose level. Additionally, the starvation caused significant increases in the mRNA expression level of spliced X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1s) and the protein level of phosphorylated inositol-requiring kinase 1 alpha (p-IRE1α; an upstream protein of XBP1) in the liver. The mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and its target fatty acid oxidation- and ketogenesis-related genes were significantly upregulated by the starvation-mediated NEB. Furthermore, we found that the mRNA expression levels of lipogenic genes were not significantly changed after starvation.Conclusion: These findings suggest that in the initial stage of NEB in dairy cows, the liver coordinates an adaptive response by activating the IRE1 arm of the UPR to enhance ketogenesis, thereby avoiding a fatty liver status.

Effect of Crop Establishment and Weed Control Method on Productivity of Transplanted aman Rice

Mohammad Ali,Md. Shahidul Haque Bir,Md. Habibur Rahman,Sultana Kaniz Ayesha,Aminul Hoque,Md. Harun-Ar-Rashid,Md. Rashidul Islam,박기웅 한국잔디학회 2018 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.7 No.2

This experiment was conducted to find the most suitable crop establishment method and weed management practices for transplanted aman rice in Bangladesh. Rice variety Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) dhan44 was used as planting materials where three crop establishment methods (T1: direct wet seeding by drum seeder; T2: hand broadcasting; T3: transplanting) and four weeding options (W1: Hand weeding (HW); W2: BRRI weeder+HW; W3: Herbicide+HW; and W4: no weeding) were tested. Among the crop establishment methods, the highest grain yield (5.12 t ha-1) was obtained with the T3, while the highest benefit cost ratio (BCR) of 2.08 was found in T2. In case of the weed management method, W1 showed superior results on the plant density/m2 (139.66) at 60 days after transplanting (DAT), grain yield (4.97 t ha-1), and BCR (2.03). On the other hand, the highest plant dry matter (36.20 g) at 60 DAT and the highest yield (6.10 t ha-1) were obtained in a T3W1 combination. The results of this study show that the productivity of rice during aman season could be most significantly increased with the use of transplanting (T3) alone, hand weeding (W1) alone, or a combination of the two methods (T3W1).

Effect of Crop Establishment and Weed Control Method on Productivity of Transplanted aman Rice

Ali, Mohammad,Haque Bir, Md. Shahidul,Rahman, Md. Habibur,Ayesha, Sultana Kaniz,Hoque, Aminul,Harun-Ar-Rashid, Md.,Islam, Md. Rashidul,Park, Kee Woong The Korean Society of Weed ScienceThe Turfgrass So 2018 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.7 No.2

This experiment was conducted to find the most suitable crop establishment method and weed management practices for transplanted aman rice in Bangladesh. Rice variety Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) dhan44 was used as planting materials where three crop establishment methods ($T_1$: direct wet seeding by drum seeder; $T_2$: hand broadcasting; $T_3$: transplanting) and four weeding options ($W_1$: Hand weeding (HW); $W_2$: BRRI weeder+HW; $W_3$: Herbicide+HW; and $W_4$: no weeding) were tested. Among the crop establishment methods, the highest grain yield ($5.12t\;ha^{-1}$) was obtained with the $T_3$, while the highest benefit cost ratio (BCR) of 2.08 was found in $T_2$. In case of the weed management method, $W_1$ showed superior results on the plant $density/m^2$ (139.66) at 60 days after transplanting (DAT), grain yield ($4.97t\;ha^{-1}$), and BCR (2.03). On the other hand, the highest plant dry matter (36.20 g) at 60 DAT and the highest yield ($6.10t\;ha^{-1}$) were obtained in a $T_3W_1$ combination. The results of this study show that the productivity of rice during aman season could be most significantly increased with the use of transplanting ($T_3$) alone, hand weeding ($W_1$) alone, or a combination of the two methods ($T_3W_1$).

The Effect of Financial Innovation and Bank Competition on Firm Value

Oluwaseyi Ebenezer OLALERE,Marniati S.E.M. KES,Md. Aminul ISLAM,Shafiqur RAHMAN 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.6

This study examines the effect of financial innovation (FI) and bank competition on firm value. FI is the act of creating new financial instruments as well as new financial technologies, institutions, and markets. The study used the sys-GMM estimation technique based on data extracted from 26 commercial banks in Nigeria and Malaysia over the period 2009 to 2019, totaling 286 observations. Given the results of the study, FI has a significant negative effect on firm value in Nigeria, and bank competition has a significant negative effect on firm value in Nigeria. By contrast, FI has a significant positive effect on firm value in Malaysia, and bank competition has a significant positive effect on firm value in Malaysia. The return on asset (ROA), bank size, GDP growth, and the inflation rate are significantly related to firm value. The interactive effect (FI * COMP) has a significant positive relationship with firm value in Nigeria and Malaysia. The empirical study confirms the notion that FI is a real driver of economic progress, competitiveness, and economic development. According to the study, policymakers should address the weaknesses exposed by the financial crisis, which contributed to the introduction of various current financial regulatory frameworks to capture the risks posed by the FI process.

Log-based petrophysical analysis of Khatatba Formation in Shoushan Basin, North Western Desert, Egypt

Liyana Nadiah Osli,Nur Yusrina Yakub,Mohamed Ragab Shalaby,Md. Aminul Islam 한국지질과학협의회 2018 Geosciences Journal Vol.22 No.6

This paper aims to investigate the good reservoir quality and hydrocarbon potentiality of the Khatatba Formation, Qasr Field in the Shoushan Basin of the North Western Desert, Egypt by combining results from log-based petrophysical analysis, petrographic description and images from scanning electron microscope (SEM). Promising reservoir units are initially identified and evaluated through well log analysis of three wells in the field of study. Petrophysical results are then compared with petrographic and SEM images from rock samples to identify features that characterize the reservoir quality. Well log results show that Khatatba Formation in the study area has good sandstone reservoir intervals from depths ranging from 12848 ft to 13900 ft, with good effective porosity records of 13–15% and hydrocarbon saturations of greater than 83%. Petrographic analysis of these sandstone reservoir units indicate high concentrations of vacant pore spaces with good permeability that can be easily occupied by hydrocarbon. The availability of these pore spaces are attributed to pore-enhancing diagenetic features, mainly in the form of good primary porosity and dissolution. SEM images and EDX analysis confirmed the presence of hydrocarbon, therefore indicating a good hydrocarbon-storing potential for the Khatatba Formation sandstones.