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Lim, D.K.,Im, H.N.,Jeon, S.Y.,Park, J.Y.,Song, S.J. Elsevier Science 2013 ACTA MATERIALIA Vol.61 No.4
The electrical properties of BaZr<SUB>0.6</SUB>Ce<SUB>0.25</SUB>Y<SUB>0.15</SUB>O<SUB>3-δ</SUB> (BZCY) were studied as a function of both oxygen partial pressure (-2.65≤log(P<SUB>O'2</SUB>atm<SUP>-1</SUP>)≤-0.62) and water vapor activity (-3.33≤log(P<SUB>H'2O</SUB>atm<SUP>-1</SUP>≤-1.3)) in the temperature range of 973-1073K. The total conductivity slightly increased in reducing atmospheres with increasing water vapor activity because of the relative contribution to the total conductivity by the redox reaction at the given thermodynamic conditions. The partial conductivities of protons, holes and oxygen vacancies were successfully calculated, and the activation energy determined for proton transport was 0.3+/-0.1eV. The chemical diffusivity of oxygen at a fixed water vapor activity, D~<SUB>vO</SUB>, could only be evaluated from Fick's second law during oxidation and reduction at the fixed water vapor activity. However, twofold nonmonotonic conductivity relaxation behaviors were clearly confirmed in the temperature range investigated during hydration/dehydration. If P<SUB>O'2</SUB> represents the fixed oxygen partial pressure, D~<SUB>iH</SUB> is the hydrogen chemical diffusivity at P<SUB>O'2</SUB> and D~<SUB>vH</SUB> is the oxygen chemical diffusivity at P<SUB>O'2</SUB>, it was observed that D~<SUB>iH</SUB>>D~<SUB>vH</SUB> at all experimental conditions, suggesting that the hydrogen chemical diffusion is always faster than oxygen on hydration/dehydration in the temperature range studied.
Effects of dihydrotestosterone on rat dermal papilla cells in vitro
Kang, J.I.,Kim, S.C.,Kim, M.K.,Boo, H.J.,Kim, E.J.,Im, G.J.,Kim, Y.H.,Hyun, J.W.,Kang, J.H.,Koh, Y.S.,Park, D.B.,Yoo, E.S.,Kang, H.K. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 european journal of pharmacology Vol.757 No.-
Androgenetic alopecia involves the action of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on dermal papilla cells (DPCs) that line the base of the hair follicle. However, the mechanism of DHT action is not completely understood. The effects of DHT on DPCs, regulatory cells that function in follicle growth and the hair cycle, were examined in immortalized cells derived from rat vibrissa follicles. DHT did not affect the proliferation of immortalized DPCs. However, flow cytometry analysis revealed that DHT increased cell-cycle arrest in these cells, which was accompanied by an increase in the p27<SUP>kip1</SUP> level and by decreases in cyclin E, cyclin D1, and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 levels. DHT treatment resulted in the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Smad2/3, a mediator of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway, which leads to the catagen phase of the hair cycle. DHT also induced the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27). Moreover, DHT decreased the levels of total and nuclear β-catenin, an important regulator of hair growth and proliferation, while lithium chloride, a glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor, attenuated the DHT-induced downregulation of the β-catenin level. On the other hand, DHT increased the phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a regulator of proliferation, in immortalized DPCs. These results illustrate that DHT could shorten the duration of the hair growth cycle by initiating cell-cycle arrest, downregulating the β-catenin level, and upregulating the TGF-β/Smad and HSP27 level, whereas activation of mTOR by DHT could attenuate the inhibition of hair growth cycle in immortalized DPCs.
Electric Double Layer at the Interface of Ionic Liquid–Dielectric Liquid under Electric Field
Lee, D. W.,Im, D. J.,Kang, I. S. American Chemical Society 2013 Langmuir Vol.29 No.6
<P>The structure of the electric double layer (EDL) is analyzed in order to understand the electromechanical behavior of the interface of ionic liquid-dielectric liquid. The modified Poisson–Boltzmann equation proposed by Bazant et al. is solved to see the crowding and the overscreening effects that are the characteristics of an ionic liquid (Bazant, M. Z.; Storey, B. D.; Kornyshev, A. A. Double layer in ionic liquids: Overscreening versus crowding. <I>Phys. Rev. Lett.</I><B>2011</B>, <I>106</I>, 046102.). From the simple one-dimensional (1-D) analysis, it is found that the changes of the composition and the material properties in the EDL are negligible except under some extreme conditions such as strong electric field over<I>O</I>(10<SUP>8</SUP>) V/m. From the electromechanical view points, an ionic liquid behaves like a pure conductor at the interface with a dielectric liquid. Based on these findings, three specific application problems are considered. In the first, a new method is suggested for measuring the interfacial tension of an ionic liquid-dielectric liquid system. The deformation of a charged ionic liquid droplet translating between two electrodes is used for this measurement. The second is for the Taylor cone problem, which includes an extreme electric field condition near the tip. The size of the critical region, where the EDL effect should be considered, is estimated by using the 1-D analysis result. Numerical computation is also performed to see the profiles of electric potential and the electric stress along the interface of the Taylor cone. Lastly, the electrowetting problem of the ionic liquid is considered. The discrepancies in the results of previous workers are interpreted by using the results of the present work. It is shown that all the results might be consistent if the leaking of the dielectric layer and/or the adsorption of ions is considered.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/langd5/2013/langd5.2013.29.issue-6/la3040775/production/images/medium/la-2012-040775_0013.gif'></P>
You, M.S.,Lim, C.S.,Kwon, D.H.,Heo, J.H.,Im, S.H.,Chae, K.J. Elsevier Science 2015 ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Vol.21 No.-
Pure Sb<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB> without oxide impurities was formed by thermal decomposition of Sb(thioacetamide: TA)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>3</SUB> precursor. From the analysis of thermal properties of Sb(TA)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>3</SUB>, we developed a spin-coating and heat-treatment process to form pure Sb<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB> thin-films with controllable thickness due to the formation of insoluble Sb<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB> by heat-treatment. Through the spin-coating and heat-treatment process, we could fabricate oxide-free Sb<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB> planar type sensitized solar cell with 8.12mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> of short circuit current density (J<SUB>sc</SUB>), 0.616V of open circuit voltage (V<SUB>oc</SUB>), 45.9% of fill factor (F.F), and overall power conversion efficiency (η) of 2.3% at 1 sun condition.
임지영(J. Y. Im),유진성(J. S. Yu),김진규(J. G. Kim),김종원(J. W. Kim),김종대(J. D. Kim) 한국정보과학회 1997 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.24 No.2Ⅱ
염색체 핵형 분석의 정확한 결과를 위해 일반적으로 사용되고 있는 사진을 이용한 핵형 분석 방법은 많은 시간과 노력이 필요하며, 사진 현상, 인화 등의 물리적인 처리와 기술, 그리고 그것을 수행할 수 있는 전문 인력이 필요하다. 그러나 이런 지루하고 정확성을 요하는 작업을 컴퓨터 시스템을 이용하여 신속하고 용이하게 할 수 있다. 컴퓨터에 고감도 CCD 카메라를 부착하여 물리적인 사진 작업을 하지 않고, 염색체의 영상 처리를 통하여 핵형 분석을 함으로써 용이성, 정확성 등과 같은 장점을 유도할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 임상 의학이나 유전학 연구실 등에서 사용할 수 있는, 사용자에게 유연성을 제시하면서 염색체 핵형 분류시 소모되는 처리 시간을 줄일 수 있는 컴퓨터를 이용한 염색체 처리 및 관리 시스템을 개발하였다. 본 시스템은 사용하기 쉽고 염색체 핵형 분석에 사용되는 여러 가지 강력하고 유용한 루틴을 제공한다. 결과로서, 각 단계별 처리 과정을 사용자 인터페이스와 함께 제시하였다.