Development of Evaluation Software for Security System Effectiveness

Hyeseung Kim,Sundo Choi,Sung Soon Jang 한국방사성폐기물학회 2022 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.20 No.2

Nuclear power plants, like other national critical infrastructures, could be under the threat of terrorism or other malicious action. Thus, a nuclear power plant has a robust security system that includes security guards, sensors, barriers, access control systems, lights, and alarm stations with security procedures. However, an effective security system is hard to design because a chain is only as strong as its weakest link, and there could be a vulnerable hole even in the robust security system. Thus, an effective security system requires the evaluation of all possible scenarios. Evaluation software for security system effectiveness assists in systematically assessing all the possible attack scenarios. Many countries developed security effectiveness evaluation software. The first software was developed by the U.S. Sandia National Laboratories in the 1980s. Now there are several commercially available software packages with a function to simulate limited-scope combat between security guards and attacking enemies. However, academic communication is comparatively weak because it may contain sensitive information on the vulnerability of nuclear power plants. We developed original software called Tools for Evaluating Security Systems (TESS) to identify the most vulnerable path to the designated target and model the security systems of all South Korean nuclear power plants. We also used commercial security effectiveness evaluation software, AVERT, to model the same nuclear power plants. TESS was developed to verify the results of commercial security effectiveness evaluation software for the purpose of regulatory use. For the feasibility test, we compared the results of two software with those of force-on-force (FoF) exercises in nuclear power plants. According to the relevant Act, every nuclear power plant site should perform the FoF exercises every year. KINAC was in charge of evaluating the FoF exercise and used several of its results for the study. In the results, even in some differences in detail, the two software and FoF exercises showed qualitative similarity. Conclusively, evaluation software is a useful tool to design and/or assess the security systems of nuclear power plants. We modeled the security systems of all South Korean nuclear power plants, and compared the developed software, a commercial software and FoF exercises. The results showed qualitative similarity. We provided the results of evaluation to nuclear operators for the better security of nuclear power plants.

Electron spectroscopy study of interface electronic structures of 1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile on Cu(111) surface

Hyeseung Kang,Ji Hoon Kim,Jeoung Kyu Kim,Young Mi Lee,Jeong Won Kim,Yongsup Park 한국진공학회 2009 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.37 No.-

Development of Installation Standards and Evaluation Indicators for Passive Infrared Sensor in National Security Facilities

Hyeseung Kim,Sundo Choi 한국방사성폐기물학회 2022 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.20 No.2

For national security, approximately 500 facilities have been designated as national security facilities. It is divided into grades A, B, and C depending on the fields such as electrics, energy and public service. In 2016, KINAC developed and suggested the installation standards and evaluation indicators for security equipment for national security facilities and they have been utilized to evaluate and manage the facilities. In order to update them by reflecting the recent security trend of the facilities and new technology, KINAC have investigated and updated the installation standards and evaluation indicators for security equipment. As a part of developing installation standards and evaluation indicators for national security facilities project, we conducted survey to identify the status and capabilities of facilities: how the security system is well designed, which type of security equipment is utilized. According to the results, the passive infrared (PIR) sensor is commonly used for interior intrusion detection (not included in 2016 project). Therefore, we investigated the passive infrared sensor and provided its installation standards and evaluation indicators. PIR sensor detects the energy generated by the objects which is different as their temperatures. PIR sensors do not emit any energy like active infrared sensor, and do not measure the energy. Rather, PIRs measure variation in thermal radiation. PIR sensor detects thermal energy by sensing the change between a heat source and the background temperature. In this paper, the characteristics and features of PIR sensor were discussed. Considering them, the standards and indicators to install/evaluated the PIR sensors were also proposed. The results would support national security facility to design and evaluate their security system.

Synthesis of Functionalized Mesoporous Carbon for Uranium Sorption in Acidic Conditions

Hyeseung Kim,Yongheum Jo,Jong-Il Yun 한국방사성폐기물학회 2018 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.2018 No.10

Investigation on Advanced Intrusion Detection and Surveillance System for Physical Protection in Nuclear Facilities

Hyeseung Kim,Sundo Choi,Wooseub Kim 한국방사성폐기물학회 2021 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.2021 No.11

Korea SKAO Regional Centre: Science Platform

Hyeseung Lee,Hyunwoo Kang,Jungha Kim,Shinyoung Kim 한국천문학회 2023 天文學會報 Vol.48 No.2

Evaluation of Blast Loads on a Reinforced Concrete Wall Under Internal Explosion

Wooseub Kim,Hyeseung Kim 한국방사성폐기물학회 2022 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.20 No.2

In response to the increase in international terrorism threats and demands for terrorism prevention and response activities, the Act on Counter-Terrorism for the Protection of Citizens and Public Security was enacted in 2016, and the need for research to strengthen protection against explosive threats was raised. In the same manner, the Design Basis Threats, which become the standard for the design and evaluation of physical protection systems for nuclear facilities, have been developed and it includes explosive threats. However, the regulatory standards for physical barriers against explosive threats are still not established. Therefore, it is first required to set up a performance database of physical barriers subject to blast loading in order to prepare the regulatory standards. In this study, the pressure with the trinitrotoluene (TNT) charge weights of 0.5-2 kg as a function of time was calculated using Ansys Autodyn software by assuming that the TNT is used for malicious purposes and is attached to a reinforced concrete (RC) corridor wall. The shape of the corridor was the 3×3×6 m cuboid with a rectangular hole of 1.78×1.78×6 m. The RC walls, which make up the corridor, contained the reinforcing bars with a spacing of 0.229 m and a diameter of 0.036 m. The spherical charge of a TNT was placed 0.2 m away from a RC wall in the middle of the corridor. To measure the reflected pressure after the internal explosion with a TNT, three pressure gauges were installed on the three sides of the RC walls in the middle of the corridor, respectively. The results showed that the peak reflected pressure on a RC wall with the standoff distance of 0.2 m was about ten times higher than the opposite RC wall with the standoff distance of 1.58 m in the same condition of TNT charge weight. Thus, it was verified that blast loads are highly affected by standoff distance. It seems that preventing the explosive detonation close to a physical barrier is strategically important to maintain the integrity of the physical barrier.

1830-50년대 영국 면공업 여성노동자의 정체성 형성 - 노동조합대연합과 공장개혁운동, 차티스트운동을 중심으로 -

김혜승 ( Kim Hyeseung ) 영국사학회 2019 영국연구 Vol.41 No.-

1830-50년대 영국에서는 면공업을 중심으로 여성들이 노동시장에 유입되어 갔으며, 이들은 자신들의 노동조건을 개선하기 위한 노동운동에도 적극적으로 참가하고 있었다. 1830년대의 노동조합대연합 형성, 파업 등의 노동운동, 차티스트운동과 같은 노동자계급의 저항문화의 일부였던 여성들은 그 안에서 노동자로서의 정체성을 형성해 갔다. 그러나 당시 차티스트운동과 공장개혁운동은 성별분업과 남성부양자 이데올로기에 기반한 이상을 추구하고 있었고, 이로 인해 확산된 가정성을 중시하는 인식은 다른 한편으로 여성노동자들의 정체성에 영향을 주고 있었다. 1840년대 공장법은 그러한 이상을 반영하는 것으로, 여성의 노동시장 진출 증가라는 현실과 노동자계급의 이상 사이에는 괴리가 생겨났고, 이는 특히 기혼여성의 임금노동에 대한 부정적 인식으로 나타났다. 그러나 여성들은 노동자로서의 정체성을 완전히 포기하지 않았으며, 여성의 가정성을 중시하는 당시의 인식은 1870년대 이후 여성운동의 주된 비판의 대상이 되었다. This paper investigates how working-class women of English textile industries in the 1830-50s identified themselves from two aspects. On one side, as participants in the labour market, women workers identified themselves as wage-earners and became active supporters of labour struggles such as strikes. In the Grand National Consolidated Trades Union, the labour movement, and the Chartist movement, female workers also constituted part of working-class struggle as workers. On the other side, the ideology of separate gender spheres and male-breadwinner forced women to identify themselves as wives and mothers. Emphasizing female domesticity, the Chartist movement and the factory reform movement articulated an ideal of working-class families, which defined the public sphere (the labour market) as men’s and the private sphere (the home) as women’s. The ideal of male-breadwinner was reflected in the factory acts of the 1840s and, as a result, the status of women in the labour market became formally distinguished from that of men’s. A gap between the reality and the ideal of working-class shaped a difference between two identities of women, as workers and as wives/mothers, and led to negative perception about married women’s wage work. Despite the fact that women were discouraged to identify themselves as workers, females steadily forged their status in the labour market and paved the way for the feminist movement of the 1870s.

국내 기초지자체의 기후변화대응 행정역량분석

김혜승(Hyeseung, Kim) 한국환경정책학회 2017 한국환경정책학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.11

Simulation Procedure for the Evaluation of Physical Protection System Effectiveness Using AVERT Software

Wooseub Kim,Eojin Jeon,Ji-Hwan Cha,Hyeseung Kim,Seokwoo Sohn 한국방사성폐기물학회 2021 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.2021 No.11