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Tae Chul Moon,Chang Seob Seo,Kyungmi Haa,Jin Cheul Kim,Nam Kyung Hwang,Tae Gyun Hong,Jee Hyeun Kim,Do Hun Kim1,손종근,장현욱 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.5
Meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid (MDGA) is a medicinal herbal product isolated from the aerial parts of Saururus chinensis that inhibits the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-dependent phase of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) generation in bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) (IC50 9.8 μM). However, this compound did not inhibit COX-2 protein expression in BMMC at concentrations up to 30 μM, indicating that MDGA directly inhibits COX-2 activity. In addition, this compound consistently inhibited the production of leukotriene C4 (IC50 1.3 μM). These results demonstrate that MDGA inhibits both COX-2 and 5-lipoxygenase. Furthermore, this compound strongly inhibited the degranulation reaction in BMMC (IC50 11.4 μM). Therefore, this compound might provide a basis for novel anti-inflammatory drug development.
Interferon Alpha-2a Reduces Early Erythema After Full-Thickness Skin Graft in the Pig
KIM, JUN SIK,SON, DAEGU,CHOI, TAE HYUN,HAN, KIHWAN,KIM, JUN HYUNG,CHO, HYUN MI,KIM, WON HEE,KIM, SANG-HYON,KIM, NAM GYUN,LEE, KYUNG SUK,HWANG, O. HYUN,ROH, GU SEOB,PARK, JUNGBIN Blackwell Publishing Inc 2009 Dermatologic surgery Vol.35 No.10
<P>BACKGROUND</P><P>Skin grafting is a commonly performed procedure, but studies of changes in the levels of cytokines after skin grafting have not been reported.</P><P>OBJECTIVE</P><P>We examined changes in cytokines and the degree of erythema after skin grafting in pigs in the control group. Interferon alpha (IFN-α) was injected to reduce erythema, and subsequent changes in cytokines and the degree of erythema were examined in the experimental group.</P><P>METHODS</P><P>Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), thrombospondin-1 (TSP1), and CD31 were examined using Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. The degree of erythema was measured at 2, 4, and 8 weeks using a chromometer.</P><P>RESULTS</P><P>In the control group, VEGF increased at 2 weeks and decreased at 4 and 8 weeks. TSP1 increased over time. CD31 increased to 4 weeks and decreased at 8 weeks. In the experimental group, VEGF was lower at 2 weeks and higher at 8 weeks than in the control group, TSP1 was higher at 2 weeks and lower at 8 weeks, and CD31 was lower at 4 and 8 weeks. Erythema in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group at 2 and 8 weeks.</P><P>CONCLUSION</P><P>IFN-α may be one of the agents that reduces erythema by suppressing excessive revascularization.</P>
Kim, Hyun-Min,Kim, Hyun-Min,Lee, Min-Jung,Cho, Min-Gi,Kang, Deok,Kim, Yu-Kyung,Kim, Changmin,Kang, Do-Hyun,Jeong, Si-Hwa,Ahn, Ik-Gyun,Hwang, Jun-Hyeok,Kim, Jae-Hyun,Lee, Hyun-Jin,Jang, Jun-Yeong,Park, Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2018 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.8 No.1
Pharmacopuncture, or herbal acupuncture, is a new form of therapy derived from combinations of two traditional therapeutic methods, herbal medicine and acupuncture therapy. To compare the efficacy between loratadine-pharmacopuncture (LP) and loratadine-oral administration (LO), the effect of loratadine was investigated in murine models. Anti-anaphylactic effects of loratadine treatments were investigated in compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic reaction and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA). LP treatment significantly inhibited the compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic reaction and PCA. The effect between LP and LO were on a similar level. These results indicate that LP can be used as an alternative method for LO in case of emergency.
Kim, Hyung Gyun,Hwang, Yong Pil,Han, Eun Hee,Choi, Chul Yung,Yeo, Chang-Yeol,Kim, Jin Young,Lee, Kwang Youl,Jeong, Hye Gwang Academic Press 2009 TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES Vol.112 No.2
<P>Metallothionein (MT)-III is associated with resistance to neuronal injury. However, the underlying mechanism for its effects is unclear. The present study investigated the mechanisms of MT-III protection of neuronal cells from hypoxia or DNA damage-induced cell death. MT-III reduced the hydrogen peroxide- or DNA damage-induced effects on neuronal cells, including the cell death, the activation of caspase-3 and -9, and the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c to the cytoplasm in a dose-dependent manner. MT-III also increased the activation of Akt, the phosphorylation and degradation of IkappaB, the nuclear translocation/accumulation and the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) in neuronal cells in a dose-dependent manner. The MT-III-induced antiapoptotic effects and increase in NF-kappaB activity were blocked by specific inhibitors of TrkA, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), Akt, or NF-kappaB, indicating that MT-III provides neuronal protection by activating NF-kappaB through the TrkA/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.</P>
Distinct Z-DNA binding mode of a PKR-like protein kinase containing a Z-DNA binding domain (PKZ)
Kim, Doyoun,Hur, Jeonghwan,Park, Kwangsoo,Bae, Sangsu,Shin, Donghyuk,Ha, Sung Chul,Hwang, Hye-Yeon,Hohng, Sungchul,Lee, Joon-Hwa,Lee, Sangho,Kim, Yang-Gyun,Kim, Kyeong Kyu Oxford University Press 2014 Nucleic acids research Vol.42 No.9
<P>Double-stranded ribonucleic acid-activated protein kinase (PKR) downregulates translation as a defense mechanism against viral infection. In fish species, PKZ, a PKR-like protein kinase containing left-handed deoxyribonucleic acid (Z-DNA) binding domains, performs a similar role in the antiviral response. To understand the role of PKZ in Z-DNA recognition and innate immune response, we performed structural and functional studies of the Z-DNA binding domain (Zα) of PKZ from <I>Carassius auratus</I> (caZα<SUB>PKZ</SUB>). The 1.7-Å resolution crystal structure of caZα<SUB>PKZ</SUB>:Z-DNA revealed that caZα<SUB>PKZ</SUB> shares the overall fold with other Zα, but has discrete structural features that differentiate its DNA binding mode from others. Functional analyses of caZα<SUB>PKZ</SUB> and its mutants revealed that caZα<SUB>PKZ</SUB> mediates the fastest B-to-Z transition of DNA among Zα, and the minimal interaction for Z-DNA recognition is mediated by three backbone phosphates and six residues of caZα<SUB>PKZ</SUB>. Structure-based mutagenesis and B-to-Z transition assays confirmed that Lys56 located in the β-wing contributes to its fast B-to-Z transition kinetics. Investigation of the DNA binding kinetics of caZα<SUB>PKZ</SUB> further revealed that the B-to-Z transition rate is positively correlated with the association rate constant. Taking these results together, we conclude that the positive charge in the β-wing largely affects fast B-to-Z transition activity by enhancing the DNA binding rate.</P>