Evaluation of the volatile profile of wax apple (Syzygium samarangense) wines fermented with different commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains

Xue Lin,Xiaoping Hu,Wuyang Wu,Sixin Liu,Congfa Li 한국식품과학회 2019 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.28 No.3

The effect of four commercial Saccharomycescerevisiae strains (D254, VIC, BV818, and RV100) on thevolatile profile of wax apple (Syzygium samarangense)wine was investigated in this study. Alcohols and esterswere the most two abundant groups of identified volatilesin wax apple wines. However, different S. cerevisiaestrains possess various capacities in releasing/synthesizingvolatiles with varied mRNA levels of genes involved involatiles metabolism during wax apple wine fermentation. VIC, which yielded the highest total concentration ofvolatiles and largest number of volatiles with odor activityvalue (OAV)[1, could be used as a starter culture toproduce wax apple wine characterized with intense aroma. D254 and RV100, which produced the greatest variety ofvolatiles and scored the highest in global aroma,respectively, could be used to enhance the wine complexity. Four wax apple wines could be differentiated by theirmain volatile compounds.

Engineering Realization of Full Attitude System Based On GPS Carrier Phase and MEMS IMU

Kanghua Tang,Meiping Wu,Xiaoping Hu 한국항해항만학회 2006 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.1 No.-

This paper describes the design and realization of full attitude system based on MEMS IMU and GPS carrier phase. The work can be divided into two parts: First, initial heading is determined by using two GPS receivers. And this paper discusses the usage of space geometry conditions to reduce the range of ambiguity search. The method presented in this paper was tested on the static. On the static condition, an accuracy better than 0.06 degrees for heading for 3.48m long baseline has been achieved. Integration of GPS and low cost MEMS IMU are used to realize the real-time heading attitude system. Second, level attitude (pitch and roll) is determined using the method of frequency-velocity for the feedback control. At the same time, the method using the attitude based on MEMS IMU to help determination of the range of ambiguity search is proposed. The results done on the sea show that an alternative means to provide real-time, cost-effective, accurate and reliable attitude information for attitude surveys. Though motivated by a big ships application, the design can be applied to other vehicles.

Using DGPS as An Acceleration Sensor for Airborne Gravimetry

Kaidong Zhang,Lincheng Shen,Xiaoping Hu,Meiping Wu 한국항해항만학회 2006 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.1 No.-

In airborne gravimetry, there are two data streams. One is the specific force measured by an air/sea gravimeter or accelerometers, the other is kinematic acceleration measured by DGPS. And the difference of them provides the grav- ity disturbance information. To satisfy the requirement of most applications, an accuracy of 1mGal (1mGal=10-5m/s2) with a spatial resolution of 1km is the aim of current airborne gravimetry. There are two different methods to derive the kinematic acceleration. The generally used method is to differentiate the position twice, and the position can be calculated by commercial DGPS software. The main defect of this method is that integer ambiguities need to be fixed to get the precise position solution, but it’s not a trivial thing for long base line. And to fix integer ambiguities, the noisier iono-free measurement is used. When differentiation is applied, noise is amplified and will influence the accuracy of acceleration. The other method is to get carrier phase acceleration by differentiate the carrier phase first, and then using the ac- celeration of GPS satellite to derive the vehicle acceleration. The main advantages include that fixing integer ambi- guities is not needed anymore, position can be relaxed to about 10 meters, and smoother acceleration can be got since iono-free measurement is not needed. In some literatures, it’s considered that the dynamic performance of the second method is inferior to that of the first. Through analysis, it is found that the performance degradation in dynamic environment results from the simplifica- tion of the GPS carrier phase observable model. And an iterative algorithm is presented to compensate the model error. Using a dynamic GPS data from an aeromagnetic survey, the importance of this compensation is showed at last.

A Cluster Number Adaptive Fuzzy c-means Algorithm for Image Segmentation

Shaoping Xu,Lingyan Hu,Xiaohui Yang,Xiaoping Liu 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2013 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.6 No.5

Low‐Voltage Pulsed Electric Field Sterilization on a Microfluidic Chip

Liu, Linlin,Zhao, Liping,Yang, Jun,Wan, Xiaoping,Hu, Ning,Yeh, Li‐,Hsien,Joo, Sang W.,Qian, Shizhi WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2013 Electroanalysis Vol.25 No.5

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A polyimide substrate based microfluidic chip with thousands of comb‐shaped microelectrodes has been designed, fabricated, and tested for sterilization of bacteria by using pulsed electric field. The performance of bacteria sterilization as functions of the electric field strength, pulse number and width, treatment buffer, bacteria growth status, and bacteria enrichment by positive dielectrophoresis has been experimentally investigated on the microfluidic chip. Experimental results show that only 100 V are sufficient to obtain good sterilization of <I>Escherichia coli</I>. Higher electric field strength, bacteria enrichment by positive dielectrophoresis, longer pulse time, buffer with fewer components and nutritions, and suitable bacteria growth status also improve the sterilization of bacteria. In addition, configuration of the microelectrode array affects bacteria sterilization. This microfluidic device allows one to preconcentrate bacteria to a region with high electric field strength by using positive dielectrophoresis, and subsequently kill the enriched bacteria by applying a pulsed electric field through the same microelectrode array.</P>

Smart healable and reportable anticorrosion coating based on halloysite nanotubes carrying 8-hydroxyquinoline on steel

Chengbao Liu,Peimin Hou,Bei Qian,Xiaoping Hu 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.118 No.-

Integrating healable and reportable ability to sustain new-generation smart anticorrosion coatings withlong-term durability is highly desirable to accommodate the development of marine industries. Herein, anew type of dual-function coating is designed to fulfill the needs. Through introducing the smartnanocontainers based on the core of HNTs loaded with 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) and the shell madefrom sodium tripolyphosphate-chitosan (CS) into conventional epoxy matrix, the smart healable andreportable anticorrosion coating on carbon steel (Q235) was developed. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and salt spray measurement indicated the corrosion inhibition effect of the nanocontainersand healable performance of composite coatings. Benefitting from the 8HQ, the designed waterborneepoxy coating displayed higher low-frequency modulus after 60 days of immersion, confirming thelong-term protection ability. Besides, the composite coating exhibited obvious dark-green color at damagedregion to timely sense and report the local corrosion in 30 min of immersion tests. This smart coatingwith sensitive corrosion visualization and well-performed healable properties holds great potential inactual anticorrosion fields.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF PARTICULATE EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS FROM A GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION ENGINE DURING STARTING PROCESS

Yan Su,Fangxi Xie,Wei Hong,Xiaoping Li,Tingting Hu 한국자동차공학회 2019 International journal of automotive technology Vol.20 No.2

The engine starting process presents high particulate emissions in exhaust. This study gives a systematic investigation on particulate emission characteristics, including particulate matter (PM) mass, soluble organic fraction (SOF) mass, C10-C26 n-Alkanes and particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), that have been emitted from a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine measured by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry during starting period. The results show that particulate emissions under the warm coolant start condition decline dramatically compared with the cold start condition. 90 % of particulate number (PN) emitted during the cold and warm start periods generally are nucleation-mode particles. Over 50 % PM mass and PAHs emissions are emitted in the first 0−13 s stage. SOF mass accounts more than 60 % in PM mass emissions, especially under the warm coolant start condition. Some C23-C26 n-Alkanes are detected under the cold start condition which demonstrates that partial particulate composition directly comes from lubricant. The concentration of the two ring PAHs is the lowest among PAHs while the four to six ring PAHs are higher under the cold start operation. The toxicity of PAHs which is evaluated by Benzo(a)pyrene equivalent toxicity (BEQ) value of the total PAHs emissions shows a decline of 66.83 % under the warm start condition.

Transcriptome-Wide Analyses Provide Insights into Development of the Hedychium coronarium Flower, Revealing Potential Roles of PTL

Zhao Tong,Piñeyro-Nelson Alma,Yu Qianxia,Pan Xiaoping,Hu Xiaoying,Liu Huanfang,Liao Jingping 한국식물학회 2021 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.64 No.5

The flower of Hedychium coronarium possesses highly specialized floral organs: a synsepalous calyx, petaloid staminodes and a labellum. The formation of these organs is controlled by two gene categories: floral organ identity genes and organ boundary genes, which may function individually or jointly during flower development. Although the floral organogenesis of H. coronarium has been studied at the morphological level, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in particular organ morphologies that emerge in flower development still remain poorly understood. Here, we used comparative transcriptomics combined with Real-time quantitative PCR to investigate gene expression patterns of ABC-class genes in H. coronarium flowers, as well as the homolog of PETAL LOSS (HcPTL). Our studies found that stamen/petal identity or stamen fertility in H. coronarium was not necessarily correlated with the differential expression of HcAP3 and HcAG. We also found a novel spatio-temporal expression pattern for HcPTL mRNA, suggesting it may have evolved a lineage-specific role in the morphogenesis of the Hedychium flower. Our study provides a new transcriptome reference and a functional hypothesis regarding the role of a boundary gene in organ fusion that should be further addressed through phylogenetic analyzes of this gene, as well as functional studies.

인체의 위 조직 시료에서 자기공명영상장치를 이용한 확산계수 측정에 대한 기초 연구

문치웅,최기승,양영일,장희경,은충기,Mun Chi-Woong,Choi, Ki-Sueng,Nana Roger,Hu, Xiaoping P.,Yang, Young-Il,Chang Hee-Kyung,Eun, Choong-Ki 대한의용생체공학회 2006 의공학회지 Vol.27 No.5

The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of ex vivo MR diffusion tensor imaging technique in order to observe the diffusion-contrast characteristics of human gastric tissues. On normal and pathologic gastric tissues, which have been fixed in a polycarbonate plastic tube filled with 10% formalin solution, laboratory made 3D diffusion tensor Turbo FLASH pulse sequence was used to obtain high resolution MR images with voxel size of $0.5{\times}0.5{\times}0.5mm^3\;using\;64{\times}32{\times}32mm^3$ field of view in conjunction with an acquisition matrix of $128{\times}64{\times}64$. Diffusion weighted- gradient pulses were employed with b values of 0 and $600s/mm^2$ in 6 orientations. The sequence was implemented on a clinical 3.0-T MRI scanner(Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) with a home-made quadrature-typed birdcage Tx/Rx rf coil for small specimen. Diffusion tensor values in each pixel were calculated using linear algebra and singular value decomposition(SVD) algorithm. Apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) and fractional anisotropy(FA) map were also obtained from diffusion tensor data to compare pixel intensities between normal and abnormal gastric tissues. The processing software was developed by authors using Visual C++(Microsoft, WA, U.S.A.) and mathematical/statistical library of GNUwin32(Free Software Foundation). This study shows that 3D diffusion tensor Turbo FLASH sequence is useful to resolve fine micro-structures of gastric tissue and both ADC and FA values in normal gastric tissue are higher than those in abnormal tissue. Authors expect that this study also represents another possibility of gastric carcinoma detection by visualizing diffusion characteristics of proton spins in the gastric tissues.

[ $T_2$ ]-relaxation Time Measurement of ex vivo $^1H$ MR Metabolite Peaks for Evaluation of Human Stomach Cancer

Mun Chi-Woong,Choi Ki-Sueng,Shin Oon-Jae,Yang Young-Ill,Chang Hee-Kyung,Hu Xiaoping,Eun Chung-Ki The Korean Society of Medical and Biological Engin 2006 의공학회지 Vol.27 No.2

In this study, transverse relaxation time (T2) measurement and the evaluation of the characteristics of the spectral peak related to stomach tissue metabolites were performed using ex vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) at 1.5-T MRI/S instruments. Thirty-two gastric tissues resected from 12 patients during gastric cancer surgery, of which 19 were normal tissue and 13 were cancerous tissue, were used to measure the $T_2$ of the magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) peaks. The volume of interest data results from the MRSI measurements were extracted from the proper muscle (MUS) layer and the composite mucosa/submucosa (MC/SMC) layer and were statistically analyzed. MR spectra were acquired using the chemical shift imaging (CSI) point resolved spectroscopy (CSI-PRESS) technique with the parameters of pulse repetition time (TR) and echo times (TE) TR/(TE1,TE2)=1500 msec/(35 msec, 144 msec), matrix $size=24{\times}24$, NA=1, and voxel $size=2.2{\times}2.2{\times}4mm^3$. In conclusion, the measured $T_2$ of the metabolite peaks, such as choline (3.21ppm) and lipid (1.33ppm), were significantly decreased (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively) in the cancerous stomach tissue.