史學部 : 伐閱之源流與演變:以出土資料爲中心

대위홍 ( Wei Hong Dai ) 한국중국학회 2014 中國學報 Vol.70 No.-

In the pre-Qin period, Fa (伐) meant the exploit and its grades of the meritorious statesmen and counsellor, and Yue (閱) meant the resume. In the Qin-Han Dynasties, the two single words with different means were combined to a word ‘Fa Yue’ (伐閱), which not only meant the exploit and resume, but also was a document recorded the notable achievements and the resumption. Especially the wood manuscript titled Fa Yue was unearthed in the first time at an abandoned well of Qin dynasty in Liye, Hunan Province. In this wood manuscript, the characters were written by three segments and the contents were composed that the official`s resume recorded by the time sequence which especially was accurate to the day in the different officials, his age and assessments about financial affairs and the household register and indicating what positions and institutions he will be promoted by the higher authority. The Wood Manuscript titled Fa Yue was not a copy but the real used document. It was important firsthand information to recognize the sources and development of Fa Yue in ancient China. In the East Han Dynasty, the structure of Fa (伐) was changed to Fa (閥) meanwhile the mean of ‘Fa Yue’ (閥閱) was changed to pedigree because the aristocratic families who holding high official and teaching the Confucian classics possessed the selection system and many Confucians acceded in the grass-rooted administrative system who could not obtain the military exploits and did not have the official experience .In the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, ‘Fa Yue’ (閥閱) referred to extraction then it became the another appellation of blue blood in the Tang Dynasty. It was illustrated that the transformation of ‘Fa Yue’ (伐閱) to ‘Fa Yue’ (閥閱) was not only the change in word structure and means, but also miniatured the bureaucratic culture in the medieval China.

중,한 대식간(貸食簡) 연구

대위홍 ( Wei Hong Dai ) 성균관대학교 대동문화연구원 2014 大東文化硏究 Vol.88 No.-

자연 재해를 당하거나, 수확량이 적거나 없을 때, 중국 고대 각 정부는 무료로 구휼하는 것 외에 이재민에게 조건적으로 양식·종자·농기구 등을 빌려줌으로써 이재민이 난관을 잠시 넘길 수 있게 도왔다. 백성들은 빌린 양식을 갚을 때 정부에 이자까지 납부해야 했다. 1996년에 長沙 走馬樓에서 3세기 “貸食簡”이 대량 출토되었고, 2008년에 한국 부여 지역에서도 618년 백제 때 “佐官貸食記” 목간이 출토되었다. 走馬樓 吳簡에는 3가지 유형의 “貸食” 죽간이 있다. 비록 각 죽간의 내용이 독립적으로, 한 죽간마다 한 건의 일을 기록하였지만, 각 貸食에 관한 細目簡·小計簡·總計簡이 표제 문서와 서로 연관되어 하나의 완정한 장부로 연결된다. 이러한 “貸食” 장부는 右倉曹나 戶曹 등의 기관으로 보내 교정과 점검을 받게 하였다. 이것은 백제 때 佐官이 단독 목간 하나에 여러 명의 貸食 인원과 貸食 식량수와 미납 식량수를 나열한 것과는 다르다. “佐官貸食記”는 秦·漢 簡牘과 三國吳簡에 흔히 보이는 “上行下”나 “下行上”식의 공문서인 “記”와 달리, 인명수를 기록한 장부이다. 비록 양자가 차이점이 있긴 하지만, 양자 간의 연원은 역시 분명하고 뚜렷하다. 이 목간의 상단에 契口가 뚫려 있는데 秦·漢 簡牘의 “簽牌(표찰)”와 비슷하다. 이것은 백성들이 정부와 교환하는 대여 양식의 자루에 묶여 꼬리표 역할을 한다. 簡文 가운데 “貸食”이라는 두 글자는 秦·漢·魏晉·南北朝 이래 표준문자이며, “貸”라는 글자도 秦·漢 이래 “代”의 아래 부분을 길게 쓰고 “貝”는 가운데에 쓰는 방식으로 전승되었는데, 里耶秦簡과 三國吳簡 중의 “貸食”의 글자 모양과 별반 다르지 않다. 또한, 대여 양식과 반환 양식의 총계로 알 수 있는 것은 백제 때 양식을 빌릴 경우 50%의 이자를 납부해야 한다는 것이다. 이것은 三國吳簡 중 “斛당 이자는 5斗”라는 규정과 일치한다. 대대로 전해진 문헌과 簡牘 자료는 모두 고대 조선반도 백제의 貸食 제도가 중국 진·한·위진·남북조 때 貸食 제도와 매우 긴밀한 연관이 있다는 것을 보여준다. 이는 백제가 東晉과 南北朝 시대의 각 정권과 우호적인 교류를 하였다는 것과 밀접한 관련이 있다. When people were struck by natural disasters or had little crops, Chinese ancient governments, besides free relief, had lent grains, seeds and farm appliances to help sufferers revive difficulties. When repaying them, people should pay even interest. In 1996, AD 3rd century “Daesikgan(貸食簡, wooden tablet containing grain lending records)” were excavated in large at Jangsa(長沙) Jumaru(走馬樓), China and in 2008, the wooden tablet “Jwagwandaesikgi(佐官貸食記)” of AD 618 Baekje(百濟) was unearthed at Buyeo(夫餘) region, Korea. Three types of “Daesik(貸食)” bamboo tablets are in Jumaru Ogan(吳簡). Though each bamboo tablet has a separate lending record, the breakdown tablet, subtotal tablet and sum tablet are related with their title, making a complete document. These “Daesik” document were sent to certain institutes, such as Uchangjo(右倉曹) and Hojo(戶曹), for correction and inspection. It is different from Baekje``s Daesik recording in that a Jwagwan(佐官) recorded several borrowers, lending amounts and unpaid amounts on one wooden tablet. “Jwagwandaesikgi(佐官貸食記)” is a document recording the number of people, different with the “gi(記)” of “Sanghaengha(上行下)” or “Hahaengsang(下行上)” style that are easily found in Jinhan(秦·漢) Gandok(簡牘) and Samgukogan(三國吳簡). Though the two have differences, the origin of two is clear. A hole is pieced at the top of this wooden tablet, similar to the Cheompae(簽牌) of Jinhan(秦漢) Gandok. The hole, working as a label, was tied to the lending grains sack to be exchanged with government. The letter “貸食” in tablet had been a standard letter since Jin·han·wi·jin·nambukjo(秦·漢·魏晉·南北朝). “貸” letter was wrote traditionally with hanging the low part of “代” and inserting “貝” to the center. Such style is not much different from the “貸食” pattern of Riyajingan(里耶秦簡) and Samgukogan. From lending sum and repaying sum, it was known that Baekje received 50% interest. It is same to “5 du(斗) interest per 1 gok(斛)” regulation of Samgukogan. The transmitted literatures and Gandok material show that the Daesik system of Korea``s ancient Baekje was closely related to the system of Chinese Jin·han·wi·jin·nambukjo. This is closely connected with the fact that Baekje had made amicable exchanges with the regimes of Dongjin(東晉) and Nambukjo.

Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation Guided by Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound in Treatment of Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Liver Transplantation

Dai, Xin,Zhao, Hong-Qiang,Liu, Run-Hao,Xu, Chang-Tao,Zheng, Fang,Yu, Li-Bao,Li, Wei-Min Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.8

This study evaluated the advantages and applications of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)-supported percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the treatment of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation, based on clinical details. CEUS-supported percutaneous RFA was adopted to treat 12 patients with hepatic metastatic carcinomas after liver transplantation. The diameters of the metastatic carcinomas varied from 1 cm to 5 cm, and the foci were discovered after 3 months to 12 months. Each focus was diagnosed and localised by CEUS for RFA once or twice. Curative effects were evaluated by CEUS or contrast-enhanced CT after the treatment. The re-examination results at 2 weeks post-treatment showed that the foci of 11 patients were ablated completely, whereas one patient with the largest focus required retreatment by RFA because of a partial residue. No local recurrence was found one month later in the re-examination. CEUS-supported percutaneous RFA in the treatment of hepatic metastatic carcinoma after liver transplantation has the advantages of accurate localisation, good efficacy, easy operation, and minimal invasion without any complications. Therefore, it can be recommended as the preferred therapy for hepatic metastatic carcinoma after liver transplantation.

Cadmium induces apoptosis in primary rat osteoblasts through caspase and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways

Hong-Yan Zhao,Wei Liu,Yi Wang,Nannan Dai,Jian-Hong Gu,Yan Yuan,Xue-Zhong Liu,Jian-Chun Bian,Zong-Ping Liu 대한수의학회 2015 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.16 No.3

Exposure to cadmium (Cd) induces apoptosis in osteoblasts (OBs); however, little information is available regarding the specific mechanismsof Cd-induced primary rat OB apoptosis. In this study, Cd reduced cell viability, damaged cell membranes and induced apoptosis in OBs. We observed decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potentials, ultrastructure collapse, enhanced caspase-3 activity, and increasedconcentrations of cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3 following Cd treatment. Cd also increased the phosphorylationof p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)1/2 and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in OBs. Pretreatment with the caspase inhibitor, N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone, ERK1/2 inhibitor (U0126), p38 inhibitor(SB203580) and JNK inhibitor (SP600125) abrogated Cd-induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, Cd-treated OBs exhibited signs of oxidativestress protection, including increased antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase levels and decreased formationof reactive oxygen species. Taken together, the results of our study clarified that Cd has direct cytotoxic effects on OBs, which are mediatedby caspase- and MAPK pathways in Cd-induced apoptosis of OBs.

MiR-150-5p Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion through Targeting MUC4

Wang, Wei-Hua,Chen, Jie,Zhao, Feng,Zhang, Bu-Rong,Yu, Hong-Sheng,Jin, Hai-Ying,Dai, Jin-Hua Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.15

Growing evidence suggests that miR-150-5p has an important role in regulating genesis of various types of cancer. However, the roles and the underlying mechanisms of miR-150-5p in development of colorectal cancer (CRC) remain largely unknown. Transwell chambers were used to analyze effects on cell migration and invasion by miR-150-5p. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blotting and dual-luciferase 3' UTR reporter assay were carried out to identify the target genes of miR-150-5p. In our research, miR-150-5p suppressed CRC cell migration and invasion, and MUC4 was identified as a direct target gene. Its effects were partly blocked by re-expression of MUC4. In conclusiomn, miR-150-5p may suppress CRC metastasis through directly targeting MUC4, highlighting its potential as a novel agent for the treatment of CRC metastasis.

Efficacy and Safety of Sorafenib for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: a Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Wang, Wei-Lan,Tang, Zhi-Hui,Xie, Ting-Ting,Xiao, Bing-Kun,Zhang, Xin-Yu,Guo, Dai-Hong,Wang, Dong-Xiao,Pei, Fei,Si, Hai-Yan,Zhu, Man Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

Background: Many clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate sorafenib for the treatment of advanced NSCLC, but the results for efficacy have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients with advanced NSCLC in more detail by meta-analysis. Methods: This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed after searching PubMed, EMBASE, ASCO Abstracts, ESMO Abstracts, and the proceedings of major conferences for relevant clinical trials. Two reviewers independently assessed the quality of the trials. Outcomes analysis were disease control rate (DCR), progression- free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and major toxicity. Subgroup analysis was conducted according to sorafenib monotherapy, in combination with chemotherapy or EGFR-TKI to investigate the preferred therapy strategy. Results: Results reported from 6 RCTs involving 2, 748 patients were included in the analysis. Compared to sorafenib-free group, SBT was not associated with higher DCR (RR 1.31 (0.96- 1.79), p=0.09), PFS (HR 0.82 (0.66-1.02), p=0.07) and OS (HR 1.01 (0.92-1.12), p=0.77). In terms of subgroup results, sorafenib monotherapy was associated with significant superior DCR and longer PFS, but failed to show advantage with regard to OS. Grade 3 or greater sorafenib-related adverse events included fatigue, hypertension, diarrhea, oral mucositis, rash and HFSR. Conclusions: SBT was revealed to yield no improvement in DCR, PFS and OS. However, sorafenib as monotherapy showed some activity in NSCLC. Further evaluation may be considered in subsets of patients who may benefit from this treatment. Sorafenib combined inhibition therapy should be limited unless the choice of platinum-doublet regimen, administration sequence or identification of predictive biomarkers are considered to receive better anti-tumor activity and prevention of resistance mechanisms.

Clinical Significance and Prognostic Value of Pentraxin-3 as Serologic Biomarker for Lung Cancer

Zhang, Dai,Ren, Wei-Hong,Gao, Yun,Wang, Nian-Yue,Wu, Wen-Jun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.7

Purposes: Lung cancer is prevalent worldwide and improvements in timely and effective diagnosis are need. Pentraxin-3 as a novel serum marker for lung cancer (LC) has not been validated in large cohort studies. The aim of the study was to assess its clinical value in diagnosis and prognosis. Methods: We analyzed serum PTX-3 levels in a total of 1,605 patients with LC, benign lung diseases and healthy controls, as well as 493 non-lung cancer patients including 12 different types of cancers. Preoperative and postoperative data were further assessed in patients undergoing LC resection. The diagnostic performance of PTX-3 for LC and early-stage LC was assessed using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) by comparing with serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA 21-1). Results: Levels of PTX-3 in serum were significantly higher in patients with LC than all controls. ROC curves showed the optimum diagnostic cutoff was 8.03ng/mL (AUC 0.823, [95%CI 0.789-0.856], sensitivity 72.8%, and specificity 77.3% in the test cohort; 0.802, [95%CI 0.762-0.843], sensitivity 69.7%, and specificity 76.4% in the validate cohort). Similar diagnostic performance of PTX-3 was observed for early-stage LC. PTX-3 decreased following surgical resection of LC and increased with tumor recurrence. Significantly elevated PTX-3 levels were also seen in patients with non-lung cancers. Conclusions: The present data revealed that PTX-3 was significantly increased in both tissue and serum samples in LC patients. PTX-3 is a valuable biomarker for LC and improved identification of patients with LC and early-stage LC from those with non-malignant lung diseases.

Effect of different tooth preparation designs on the marginal and internal fit discrepancies of cobalt-chromium crowns produced by computer-aided designing and selective laser melting processes

Na Yu,Hong-Wei Dai,Fa-Bing Tan,Jin-Lin Song,Chao-Yi Ma,Xue-Lu Tong 대한치과보철학회 2021 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.13 No.5

PURPOSE. To evaluate the impact of five different tooth preparation designs on the marginal and internal fit discrepancies of cobalt-chromium (CoCr) crowns produced by computer-aided designing (CAD) and selective laser melting (SLM) processes. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Five preparation data were constructed, after which design crowns were obtained. Actual crowns were fabricated using an SLM process. After the data of actual crowns were obtained with structural light scanning, intaglio surfaces of the design crown and actual crown were virtually superimposed on the preparation. The fit-discrepancies were displayed with colors, while the root means square was calculated and analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey’s test or Kruskal-Wallis test (α = .05). RESULTS. The marginal or internal color-coded images in the five design groups were not identical. The shoulder-lip and sharp line angle groups in the CAD or SLM process had larger marginal or internal fit discrepancies compared to other groups (P < .05). In the CAD process, the mean marginal and internal fit discrepancies were 10.0 to 24.2 μm and 29.6 to 31.4 μm, respectively. After the CAD and SLM processes, the mean marginal and internal fit discrepancies were 18.4 to 40.9 μm and 39.1 to 47.1 μm, respectively. The SLM process itself resulted in a positive increase of the marginal (6.0 - 16.7 μm) and internal (9.0 - 15.7 μm) fit discrepancies. CONCLUSION. The CAD and SLM processes affected the fit of CoCr crowns and varied based on the preparation designs. Typically, the shoulder-lip and sharp line angle designs had a more significant effect on crown fit. However, the differences between the design groups were relatively small, especially when compared to fit discrepancies observed clinically.

Inverter Power Monitoring System Based on VRML Virtual Reality Technology

Qing-yun Dai,Jin-dou Wang,Rui-Tao Liu,Jun-hong Cheng,Yi li,Wei-yang Wu 보안공학연구지원센터 2013 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.7 No.5

Intravenous Tenecteplase for Acute Ischemic Stroke Within 4.5–24 Hours of Onset (ROSE-TNK): A Phase 2, Randomized, Multicenter Study

Wang Lu,Dai Ying-Jie,Cui Yu,Zhang Hong,Jiang Chang-Hao,Duan Ying-Jie,Zhao Yong,Feng Ye-Fang,Geng Shi-Mei,Zhang Zai-Hui,Lu Jiang,Zhang Ping,Zhao Li-Wei,Zhao Hang,Ma Yu-Tong,Song Cheng-Guang,Zhang Yi,Ch 대한뇌졸중학회 2023 Journal of stroke Vol.25 No.3

Background and Purpose Intravenous tenecteplase (TNK) efficacy has not been well demonstrated in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) beyond 4.5 hours after onset. This study aimed to determine the effect of intravenous TNK for AIS within 4.5 to 24 hours of onset. Methods In this pilot trial, eligible AIS patients with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) mismatch were randomly allocated to intravenous TNK (0.25 mg/kg) or standard care within 4.5–24 hours of onset. The primary endpoint was excellent functional outcome at 90 days (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score of 0–1). The primary safety endpoint was symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). Results Of the randomly assigned 80 patients, the primary endpoint occurred in 52.5% (21/40) of TNK group and 50.0% (20/40) of control group, with no significant difference (unadjusted odds ratio, 1.11; 95% confidence interval 0.46–2.66; <i>P</i>=0.82). More early neurological improvement occurred in TNK group than in control group (11 vs. 3, <i>P</i>=0.03), but no significant differences were found in other secondary endpoints, such as mRS 0–2 at 90 days, shift analysis of mRS at 90 days, and change in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at 24 hours and 7 days. There were no cases of sICH in this trial; however, asymptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred in 3 of the 40 patients (7.5%) in the TNK group. Conclusion This phase 2, randomized, multicenter study suggests that intravenous TNK within 4.5–24 hours of onset may be safe and feasible in AIS patients with a DWI-FLAIR mismatch.