Effects of dietary energy and crude protein levels on growth performance, blood profiles, and carcass traits in growing-finishing pigs

( Lin Hu Fang ),( Ying Hai Jin ),( Sung Ho Do ),( Jin Su Hong ),( Byung Ock Kim ),( Tae Hee Han ),( Yoo Yong Kim ) 한국축산학회 2019 한국축산학회지 Vol.61 No.4

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary energy and crude protein (CP) levels on growth performance, blood profiles, and carcass traits in growing-finishing pigs. A total of 180 crossbred pigs ([Yorkshire × Landrace] × Duroc) with an average body weight of 30.96 ± 3.068 kg were used for a 12-week feeding trial. Experimental pigs were allotted to a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement using a randomized complete block (RCB) design. The first factor was two levels of dietary metabolizable energy (ME) density (13.40 MJ/kg or 13.82 MJ/kg), and the second factor was three dietary CP levels based on subdivision of growing-finishing phases (high: 18%/16.3%/16.3%/13.2% middle: 17%/15.3%/15.3%/12.2% and low: 16%/14.3%/14.3%/11.2%). Average daily gain (ADG) and gain-feed ratio (G:F ratio) decreased as dietary CP level was decreased linearly (linear, p < 0.05; p < 0.05, respectively) in the early growing period, and G:F ration also decreased as dietary CP level was decreased linearly (linearly, p < 0.05) over the whole growing phase. Over the entire experimental period, G:F ratio decreased as dietary ME level decreased (p = 0.01). Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration was increased as dietary energy level decreased in growing period (p < 0.01). During finishing period, total protein concentration was decreased by lower dietary energy level (p < 0.05). In this study, there were no significant differences in proximate factors, physiochemical properties, muscle TBARS assay results, pH changes, or color of pork by dietary treatments. However, saturated fatty acid (SFA) increased (p < 0.01) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) decreased (p < 0.05) when ME was decreased by 0.42 MJ/kg in growing-finishing pig diets. In addition, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) tended to increase when CP level was decreased in growing-finishing pig diets (p = 0.06). A growing-finishing diet of 13.82 MJ/kg diet of ME with the high CP level can improve growth performance and show better fatty acids composition of pork.

Suppression of lung cancer progression by biocompatible glycerol triacrylate–spermine-mediated delivery of shAkt1

Hong, Seong-Ho,Kim, Ji-Eun,Kim, You-Kyoung,Minai-Tehrani, Arash,Shin, Ji-Young,Kang, Bitna,Kim, Hye-Joon,Cho, Chong-Su,Chae, Chanhee,Jiang, Hu-Lin,Cho, Myung-Haing Dove Medical Press 2012 International journal of nanomedicine Vol.7 No.-

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Polyethylenimine (PEI)-based nonviral gene-delivery systems are commonly employed because of their high transfection efficiency. However, the toxic nature of PEI is a significant obstacle in clinical gene therapy. In this study, we developed biocompatible glycerol triacrylate–spermine (GT–SPE) polyspermine as a nanosized gene carrier for potential lung cancer gene therapy.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>The GT–SPE was synthesized using the Michael addition reaction between GT and SPE. The molecular weight was characterized using gel permeability chromatography multiangle laser light scattering and the composition of the polymer was analyzed using proton nuclear magnetic resonance.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The GT–SPE successfully protected the DNA from nucleases. The average particle size of the GT–SPE was 121 nm with a zeta potential of +23.45 mV. The GT–SPE was found to be less toxic than PEI for various cell lines, as well as for a murine model. Finally, our results showed that the GT–SPE/small hairpin Akt1 (shAkt1) complex suppressed lung tumorigenesis in a K<I>-ras</I><SUP>LA1</SUP> lung cancer mice model by inducing apoptosis through the Akt signaling pathway and cell cycle arrest. Aerosol delivered GT–SPE/shAkt1, which reduced matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity and suppressed the expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, as well as vascular endothelial growth factors and CD31, which are known proliferation and angiogenesis markers, respectively.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Our data suggest that GT–SPE may be a candidate for short hairpin-shaped RNA-based aerosol lung cancer gene therapy.</P>

Dual expression of shAkt1 and Pdcd4 suppresses lung tumorigenesis in K-rasLA1 mice.

Hong, Seong-Ho,Lee, Jae-Ho,Jiang, Hu-Lin,Kim, Ji-Eun,Lee, Ah Young,Kim, Sanghwa,Cho, Chong-Su,Cho, Myung-Haing Potamitis Press 2015 Anticancer research Vol.35 No.4

<P>Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate among cancers and current therapies are not efficient. Therefore, novel therapeutic methods are urgently needed. Here, we examined the effectiveness of simultaneous Akt1 inhibition and Pdcd4 over-expression using a dual expression system in suppressing tumorigenesis in K-ras(LA1) mice (a lung cancer model).</P>

ANALYSES OF CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE AND THE DETERMINANTS OF PURCHASE INTENTION IN AN CONTACT-FREE SHOPPING ENVIRONMENT

Su Ji Hong,Sang-Lin Han 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2021 Global Fashion Management Conference Vol.2021 No.11

Effects of dietary energy and protein levels on reproductive performance in gestating sows and growth of their progeny

( Lin Hu Fang ),( Ying Hai Jin ),( Jae Hark Jeong ),( Jin Su Hong ),( Woo Lim Chung ),( Yoo Yong Kim ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2019 한국축산학회지 Vol.61 No.3

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary energy and crude protein (CP) levels on reproductive performance, litter performance, milk quality, and blood profiles in gestating sows. A total of 59 multiparous sows (Yorkshire × Landrace) with similar body weights (BW), backfat thickness (BF), and parity were assigned to one of six treatments with 9 or 10 sows per treatment using a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement and completely randomized design. The first factor was two levels of dietary metabolizable energy (ME) density (13.40 or 13.82 MJ/kg) and the second factor was three dietary protein levels based from 35 day in gestating phases (10.5%, 12%, and 13.5%). Backfat thickness change in lactating sows decreased linearly as CP level increased (p = 0.03). Increased energy level in the gestating sow diet tended to increase the total number of piglets born (p = 0.07), but piglet weight decreased (p = 0.02). Dietary CP level had a negative effect on colostrum quality. Casein, protein, total solid, and solids-not-fat concentrations decreased linearly and lactose level increased linearly as CP level in the gestating sow diet increased (casein%: p = 0.03; protein%: p = 0.04; lactose%: p = 0.06; total solids: p = 0.03; solid-not-fat: p = 0.03, respectively). However, improving ME by 0.42 MJ/kg had no significant effect on the chemical composition of sow colostrum. There were no significant differences in blood glucose concentration in gestating sows when sows were fed different levels of energy during gestation, but blood glucose increased at 21 day of lactation when energy increased by 0.42 MJ/kg (p = 0.04). Blood urea nitrogen concentration increased linearly when dietary CP levels increased at 110 day in gestation, 24-hours postpartum, and 21 days of lactation (linear, p < 0.05, p < 0.05, and p < 0.05, respectively), and it also increased when dietary energy increased at 110 days of gestation and 24-hours postpartum (p < 0.01, and p < 0.01, respectively). A gestating sow diet containing 13.82 MJ/kg ME and 10.5% CP can improve reproductive performance, litter performance, and colostrum quality.

Beneficial effects of the traditional medicine Igongsan and its constituent ergosterol on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice

KIM, SU-JIN,SHIN, HYUN-JI,LEE, GEUN-HYUK,KIM, DAE-SEUNG,KIM, HYE-LIN,PARK, JINBONG,JUNG, YUNU,YOUN, DONG-HYUN,KANG, JONGWOOK,HONG, SEUNG-HEON,UM, JAE-YOUNG SPANDIDOS PUBLICATIONS 2015 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol.12 No.3

<P>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease and is considered a chronic gastrointestinal disorder. Igongsan (IGS) is a Korean herbal medicine, which has been used to treat digestive disorders. However, the ameliorative effect and molecular mechanisms of IGS in intestinal inflammation have not yet been studied in detail. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of IGS and its constituent, ergosterol, in a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)?induced colitis. Colitis was induced in mice by supplementing their drinking water with 5% (w/v) DSS for 7 days. The effects of IGS were then determined on DSS?induced clinical signs of colitis, including weight loss, colon shortening, diarrhea and obscure/gross bleeding. In addition, the effects of IGS were determined on the expression levels of inflammation?associated genes in the colon tissue of DSS?treated mice. The results of the present study demonstrated that mice treated with DSS exhibited marked clinical symptoms, including weight loss and reduced colon length. Treatment with IGS attenuated these symptoms and also suppressed the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor?α and interleukin?6, as well as the expression of cyclooxygenase?2 in the colon tissue of DSS?treated mice. IGS also reduced the activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor?κB p65 in the colon tissue of DSS?treated mice. In addition, ergosterol was shown to attenuate the DSS?induced clinical symptoms of colitis in mice. In conclusion, the present study provided experimental evidence that IGS may be a useful therapeutic drug for patients with UC.</P>

기업에 대한 부정적 이슈 인식이 사회 공헌 활동에 미치는 영향

홍수지 ( Hong Su-j ),한상린 ( Han Sang-lin ) 한국고객만족경영학회 2020 고객만족경영연구 Vol.22 No.1

선행연구에 따르면 기업의 사회적 공헌 활동의 적합성(Fit)이 동기에 영향을 미치고 기업의 사회적 공헌 활동에 진정성에 영향을 준다고 하였다. 그러나 과거의 소비자들과 달리 현재 소비자들은 기업의 사회적 공헌 활동에 대해서 매우 엄격한 기준을 가지고 있다. 특히 사회적 이슈로 갑질과 같은 부정적 이슈가 발생하게 되면 소비자들은 기업에서 진행하고 있는 사회적 공헌 활동까지 연결하여 생각하게 된다. 본 연구는 두 집단으로 나누어 한 집단에만 부정적 이슈에 대한 기사를 노출시켜 이에 대한 인식이 기업의 사회적 공헌 활동에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 비교하여 알아보았다. 연구 결과 부정적 이슈에 노출 되지 않은 집단은 기업의 규모와 관련하여 사회적 공헌활동의 동기와 진정성에는 유의미한 영향력이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 부정적 이슈에 노출된 집단에서는 모두 유의미한 영향력이 나타났다. 대기업에서는 규모의 맞는 사회적 공헌 활동을 하더라도 이기적 동기에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 소기업의 경우는 반대로 규모의 맞는 사회적 공헌 활동을 할수록 이기적 동기에 부(-)의 영향을 미쳤다. 또한 대기업은 진정성의 부(-)의 영향력이 나타났으나 소기업은 진정성의 정(+)의 영향력이 나타났다. 즉 부정적 이슈를 인식하게 되면 대기업의 사회적 공헌활동의 적합성이 높더라도 이기적 동기에 영향력을 미치고 진정성은 떨어지게 되지만 반대로 소기업은 부정적 이슈에 노출이 되더라도 규모가 적합한 공헌활동을 하면 이기적 동기는 낮아지고 진정성은 높아지게 된다. 이는 기업에 대한 부정적 이슈를 인식하게 되더라도 소기업에 대한 부정적 인식의 영향력은 미미한 반면 대기업에는 더 치명적으로 부정적인 영향이 미친다는 것을 알 수 있다. 이는 사회적 공헌활동에 대해서 소기업보다 대기업에 대한 기준이 더 엄격하다는 것을 알 수 있다. According to a previous study, the fit of a company's social contribution activities affects motivation and at the same time, it affects the authenticity of a company's social contribution activities. Unlike consumers in the past, nowadays, consumers have very strict standards for corporate social contribution activities. In particular, when a negative issue such as a abuse of power(Gapjil) occurs in a company, consumers can link that negative issue with CSR activities conducted by the company. Sample used in present research was divided into two groups of respondents. Only one of two groups was exposed to the articles about negative issues of companies. Comparative analysis about the effect of the negative issues on corporate social contribution activities was conducted using responses of both groups. The result is as follows. Even if the fit of the social contribution activities of a large company is high, negative issue arising in a company affects egoistic-driven motive and reduces authenticity. Conversely, in case of small firms, egoistic-driven motive is lower and authenticity is higher。This suggests that even if a negative issue arises in a company, the effect of the negative perception of the small company is insignificant, while the same effect on the larger company can be fatal. In other words, it can be concluded that the standards of CSR activities for large corporations are stricter than for small firms.

PLGA의 염증완화에 대한 피브린의 효과

김수진(Su Jin Kim),홍현혜(Hyun Hye Hong),김순희(Soon Hee Kim),김혜린(Hye Lin Kim),김세호(Se Ho Kim),강길선(Gil Son Khang) 한국고분자학회 2010 폴리머 Vol.34 No.1

SIRT7 Exhibits Oncogenic Potential in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells

Wang, Hong-Ling,Lu, Ren-Quan,Xie, Su-Hong,Zheng, Hui,Wen, Xue-Mei,Gao, Xiang,Guo, Lin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.8

Background: Sirtuin7 (SIRT7) is a type of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidized form (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase and the least understood member of the sirtuins family; it is implicated in various processes, such as aging, DNA damage repair and cell signaling transduction. There is some evidence that SIRT7 may function as a tumor trigger for human malignancy. Here, we aimed to explore the biological function of SIRT7 in ovarian carcinoma cells and its potential mechanism. Materials and Methods: Expression of SIRT7 in ovarian cancer cell lines was detected by western blotting. Transduced cell lines with SIRT7 knockdown or overexpression were constructed. Cell viability, cologenic, apoptosis-associated and motility assays were performed to elucidate the biological function of SIRT7 in ovarian cancer cells. Results: SIRT7 demonstrated a higher level in ovarian cancer cell lines compared with normal cells. On the one hand, down-regulation of SIRT7 significantly reduced ovarian cancer cell growth, repressed colony formation and increased cancer cell apoptosis; on the other hand, up-regulation promoted the migration of cancer cells. Additionally, repression of SIRT7 also induced change in apoptosis-related molecules and subunits of the NF-${\kappa}B$ family. Conclusions: In the present study, our data indicated that SIRT7 might play a role of oncogene in ovarian malignancy and be a potential therapeutic target.

Effects of cashew nut testa levels as an alternative to wheat bran in gestating sow diets

Fang, Lin Hu,Hong, Young Gi,Hong, Jin Su,Jeong, Jae Hark,Han, Young Geol,Kwon, In Hyuk,Kim, Yoo Yong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.6

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary cashew nut testa (CNT) as an alternative feed ingredient to wheat bran on reproductive performance, litter performance, milk composition, and blood profiles of gestating sows. Methods: Forth multiparous sows ($Yorkshire{\times}Landrace$) were fed experimental diets starting at 35 days of pregnancy and an initial average body weight (BW) of $211.53{\pm}8.86kg$. Each sow was assigned to a treatment based on BW, backfat thickness (BF) and parity with 10 sows per treatment. Treatments were as follows: i) corn-soybean meal based diet with 6% of wheat bran (C0); ii) basal diet with 2% of CNT and 4% of wheat bran (C2); iii) basal diet with 4% of CNT and 2% of wheat bran (C4); and iv) basal diet with 6% of CNT (C6). Results: There were no statistically significant differences in BW and BF of gestating sows throughout the experimental period. However, changes in BF (p = 0.09) and the daily feed intake of sows (p = 0.09) tended to linearly increase during the lactation period. The weaning to estrus interval (WEI) showed a quadratic response to CNT treatment (p = 0.02), and the C2 diet showed the shortest WEI. Litter birth weight (p = 0.04) and piglet birth weight (p = 0.06) were linearly decreased with increase in CNT. Furthermore, there had no significant differences in piglet weight and litter weight in 21 day. Insulin concentration at day 70 of gestation was linearly reduced with increasing CNT level in diets (p = 0.03). Conclusion: When 6% CNT replaced wheat bran in gestating sow diets, there were no negative effects on sow performance, but litter birth weight and piglet birth weight were decreased when CNT level increased in gestating sow diets.