http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging of intracellular chloride in cockroach salivary glands
Hille, Carsten,Lahn, Mattes,Lohmannsroben, Hans-Gerd,Dosche, Carsten Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.3
Although chloride plays an important role in many cellular processes, there is a lack of data about intracellular chloride concentrations $[Cl^-]_i$, particularly due to technical problems. To overcome that, in this study fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy in the time-domain by using time-correlated single-photon counting was combined with two-photon excitation (2P-FLIM). This 2P-FLIM setup has been successfully used with the $Cl^-$-sensitive fluorescent dye N-(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)-6-methoxy-quinolinium bromide (MQAE) in order to measure $[Cl^-]_i$ in cockroach salivary glands, a well-established model system for studying epithelial ion transport processes. MQAE was well suitable for two-photon excitation, when loaded into cells, and displayed a sufficient dynamic range of its fluorescence decay time changes in response to variation of $[Cl^-]_i$ according to the Stern-Volmer relationship. On this basis a uniform $[Cl^-]_i$ in the range of 42.80 mM with a mean value of $59\;mM{\pm}1\;mM$ was found in resting cockroach salivary ducts, indicating active $Cl^-$ accumulation. However, exposure to $Cl^-$-free saline caused only a moderate $[Cl^-]_i$ drop to $48\;mM{\pm}4\;mM$, suggesting a relatively low basolateral $Cl^-$ permeability in ducts, at least under resting conditions. Additionally, bath application of the biogenic amine dopamine, known to stimulate the saliva modification in the ducts, caused no significant $[Cl^-]_i$ changes. These results suggest a more complex scenario of $[Cl^-]_i$ homeostasis in cockroach salivary ducts. In conclusion, 2P-FLIM seems to be a suitable technique for quantitative $[Cl^-]_i$ measurements in many biological systems.
Clinical Characteristics of Disability in Patients with Indoor Air–Related Environmental Intolerance
Aki Vuokko,Kirsi Karvala,Hille Suojalehto,Harri Lindholm,Sanna Selinheimo,Marja Heinonen-Guzejev,Sami Leppämäki,Sebastian Cederström,Christer Hublin,Katinka Tuisku,Markku Sainio 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2019 Safety and health at work Vol.10 No.3
Background: Chronic nonspecific symptoms attributed to indoor nonindustrial work environments are common and may cause disability, but the medical nature of this disability is unclear. The aim was to medically characterize the disability manifested by chronic, recurrent symptoms and restrictions to work participation attributed to low-level indoor pollutants at workplace and whether the condition shares features with idiopathic environmental intolerance. Methods: We investigated 12 patients with indoor airerelated work disability. The examinations included somatic, psychological, and psychiatric evaluations as well as investigations of the autonomic nervous system, cortisol measurements, lung function, and allergy tests. We evaluated well-being, health, disability, insomnia, pain, anxiety, depression, and burnout via questionnaires. Results: The mean symptom history was 10.5 years; for disabling symptoms, 2.7 years. Eleven patients reported reactions triggered mainly by indoor molds, one by fragrances only. Ten reported sensitivity to odorous chemicals, and three, electric devices. Nearly all had co-occurrent somatic and psychiatric diagnoses and signs of pain, insomnia, burnout, and/or elevated sympathetic responses. Avoiding certain environments had led to restrictions in several life areas. On self-assessment scales, disability showed higher severity and anxiety showed lower severity than in physician assessments. Conclusion: No medical cause was found to explain the disability. Findings support that the condition is a form of idiopathic environmental intolerance and belongs to functional somatic syndromes. Instead of endless avoidance, rehabilitation approaches of functional somatic syndromes are applicable.
Vuokko, Aki,Karvala, Kirsi,Suojalehto, Hille,Lindholm, Harri,Selinheimo, Sanna,Heinonen-Guzejev, Marja,Leppamaki, Sami,Cederstrom, Sebastian,Hublin, Christer,Tuisku, Katinka,Sainio, Markku Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2019 Safety and health at work Vol.10 No.3
Background: Chronic nonspecific symptoms attributed to indoor nonindustrial work environments are common and may cause disability, but the medical nature of this disability is unclear. The aim was to medically characterize the disability manifested by chronic, recurrent symptoms and restrictions to work participation attributed to low-level indoor pollutants at workplace and whether the condition shares features with idiopathic environmental intolerance. Methods: We investigated 12 patients with indoor aire-related work disability. The examinations included somatic, psychological, and psychiatric evaluations as well as investigations of the autonomic nervous system, cortisol measurements, lung function, and allergy tests. We evaluated well-being, health, disability, insomnia, pain, anxiety, depression, and burnout via questionnaires. Results: The mean symptom history was 10.5 years; for disabling symptoms, 2.7 years. Eleven patients reported reactions triggered mainly by indoor molds, one by fragrances only. Ten reported sensitivity to odorous chemicals, and three, electric devices. Nearly all had co-occurrent somatic and psychiatric diagnoses and signs of pain, insomnia, burnout, and/or elevated sympathetic responses. Avoiding certain environments had led to restrictions in several life areas. On self-assessment scales, disability showed higher severity and anxiety showed lower severity than in physician assessments. Conclusion: No medical cause was found to explain the disability. Findings support that the condition is a form of idiopathic environmental intolerance and belongs to functional somatic syndromes. Instead of endless avoidance, rehabilitation approaches of functional somatic syndromes are applicable.
Yeon, Jun-Hee,Park, Cheon-Gyu,Hille, Bertil,Suh, Byung-Chang National Academy of Sciences 2018 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.115 No.42
<P>beta subunits of high voltage-gated Ca2+ (CaV) channels promote cell-surface expression of pore-forming alpha 1 subunits and regulate channel gating through binding to the alpha-interaction domain (AID) in the first intracellular loop. We addressed the stability of Ca-V alpha 1B-beta interactions by rapamycin-translocatable Ca-V beta subunits that allow drug-induced sequestration and uncoupling of the beta subunit from Ca(V)2.2 channel complexes in intact cells. Without Ca-V alpha 1B/alpha 2 delta 1, all modified beta subunits, except membrane-tethered beta 2a and beta 2e, are in the cytosol and rapidly translocate upon rapamycin addition to anchors on target organelles: plasma membrane, mitochondria, or endoplasmic reticulum. In cells coexpressing Ca-V alpha 1B/alpha 2 delta 1 subunits, the translocatable beta subunits colocalize at the plasma membrane with alpha 1B and stay there after rapamycin application, indicating that interactions between alpha 1B and bound beta subunits are very stable. However, the interaction becomes dynamic when other competing beta isoforms are coexpressed. Addition of rapamycin, then, switches channel gating and regulation by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P-2] lipid. Thus, expression of free beta isoforms around the channel reveals a dynamic aspect to the alpha 1B-beta interaction. On the other hand, translocatable beta subunits with AID-binding site mutations are easily dissociated from Ca-V alpha 1B on the addition of rapamycin, decreasing current amplitude and PI(4,5)P-2 sensitivity. Furthermore, the mutations slow Ca(V)2.2 current inactivation and shift the voltage dependence of activation to more positive potentials. Mutated translocatable beta subunits work similarly in Ca(V)2.3 channels. In sum, the strong interaction of Ca-V alpha 1B-beta subunits can be overcome by other free beta isoforms, permitting dynamic changes in channel properties in intact cells.</P>
가브리엘라 미스트랄이 시적으로 개작한 네 가지 고전 동화
안드레아카살스힐 ( Anerea Casals Hill ),정현주(번역) 방정환연구소 2020 방정환연구 Vol.3 No.-
안드레아 카살스 힐(Andrea Casals Hill)은 칠레 작가가 시적으로 개작한 이야기, 『백설공주』(Blanca Nieve), 『빨간 모자』(Caperucita Roja), 『신데렐라』(Cenininca), 『잠자는 숲속의 미녀』(La Bella Durmiente)를 소개하고 분석한다. 이 책들은 최근 그림책으로 재출간되어 호평을 받고 있다. 가브리엘라 미스트랄(Gabriela Mistral)은 라틴 아메리카의 작가로는 처음으로 노벨 문학상을 받았다. 카살스 힐에 따르면, 미스트랄이 시적으로 개작한 『백설공주』, 『빨간 모자』, 『신데렐라』, 『잠자는 숲속의 미녀』는 보이지 않고, 버려지고, 학대 받는 젊은 여성 청자의 자율권(empowerment)을 가능하게 하려는 미스트랄의 윤리적인 헌신을 반영한다. Andrea Casals Hill presents and analyzes the acclaimed Chilean author’s poetic retellings of Snow White, Little Red Riding Hood, Cinderella, and Sleeping Beauty, which have been recently republished as illustrated books. Gabriela Mistral was the first Latin American author to receive a Nobel Prize in Literature. Casals Hill asserts that her poetic retellings of Caperucita Roja, Blanca Nieve, Cenicienta, and La Bella Durmiente reflect Mistral’s ethical commitment to enable the empowerment of her invisible, abandoned, and abused young female audience.
반복유산을 경험한 환자에서 임신중 태반항원과 동종항원에 노출된 모체 림프구면역반응은 언제부터 소실되나?
최범채,Choi, Bum-Chae,Hill, Joseph A. 대한생식의학회 1998 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.25 No.2
The maintenance of a viable pregnancy has long been viewed as an immunological paradox. The deveolping embryo and trophoblast are immunologically foreign to the maternal immune system due to their maternally inherited genes products and tissue-specific differentiation antigens (Hill & Anderson, 1988). Therefore, speculation has arisen that spontaneous abortion may be caused by impaired maternal immune tolerance to the semiallogenic conceptus (Hill, 1990). Loss of recall antigen has been reported in immunosuppressed transplant recipients and is associated with graft survival (Muluk et al., 1991; Schulik et al., 1994). Progesterone $(10^{-5}M)$ has immunosuppressive capabilities (Szekeres-Bartho et al., 1985). Previous study showed that fertile women, but not women with unexplained recurrent abortion (URA), lose their immune response to recall antigens when pregnant (Bermas & Hill, 1997). Therefore, we hypothesized that immunosuppressive doses of progesterone may affect proliferative response of lymphocytes to trophoblast antigen and alloantigen. Proliferative responses using $^3H$-thymidine ($^3H$-TdR) incorporation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to the irradiated allogeneic periperal blood mononuclear cells as alloantigen, trophoblast extract and Flu as recall antigen, and PHA as mitogen were serially checked in 9 women who had experienced unexplained recurrent miscarriage. Progesterone vaginal suppositories (100mg b.i.d; Utrogestan, Organon) beginning 3 days after ovulation were given to 9 women with unexplained RSA who had prior evidence of Th1 immunity to trophoblast. We checked proliferation responses to conception cycle before and after progesterone supplementation once a week through the first 7 weeks of pregnancy. All patients of alloantigen and PHA had a positive proliferation response that occmed in the baseline phase. But 4 out of 9 patients (44.4%) of trophoblast antigen and Flu antigen had a positive proliferative response. The suppression of proliferation response to each antigen were started after proliferative phase and during pregnancy cycles. Our data demonstrated that since in vivo progesterone treated PBMCs suppressed more T-lymphocyte activation and $^3H$-TdR incorporation compare to PBMCs, which are not influenced by progesterone. This data suggested that it might be influenced by immunosuppressive effect of progesterone. In conclusion, progesterone may play an important immunological role in regulating local immune response in the fetal-placental unit. Furthermore, in the 9 women given progesterone during a conception cycle, Only two (22%) repeat pregnancy losses occured in these 9 women despite loss of antigen responsiveness (one chemical pregnancy loss and one loss at 8 weeks of growth which was karyotyped as a Trisomy 4). These finding suggested that pregnancy loss due to fetal aneuploidy is not associated with immunological phenomena.