북한의 외국인 대상 조선어교육 운영 실태 분석 연구-김일성종합대학교 연수자의 경험을 중심으로-

김한근 ( Kim¸ Hangeun ) 한국언어문화교육학회 2021 언어와 문화 Vol.17 No.3

The purpose of this study is to examine the Korean language education curriculum for foreigners in North Korea. We focused on interviews with Chinese international students who participated in the ‘Chosun Exchange Scholarship Program’ from April to October 2016 at Kim Il-sung University. To this end, two written interviews and three in-depth interviews were conducted to secure the validity and reliability of the study. Through interviews, it was found that in 2016, a total of 35 foreigners received Korean language education at Kim Il-sung University. In addition, it was found that the Korean language education curriculum for foreigners in North Korea is divided into 'Korean language education as a foreign language' and 'general Korean language education'. Compared to the Korean language curriculum as a foreign language, it was found that the general Korean language education curriculum had about two hours more class time per week and the number of subjects was also four more. Also, the textbooks used in the general Korean language education curriculum were different from the textbooks in the Korean language curriculum as a foreign language. However, the observation activities were carried out in the same way as the Korean language curriculum as a foreign language, and through this, the system propaganda effect was being promoted. Lectures were mainly centered on teachers, and achievement evaluation was conducted once at the end of the term. The interviewer evaluated that this experience in North Korea had a positive influence on interviewer’s career choice. (Yonsei University)

Effects of Oral Intake of Kimchi-Derived Lactobacillus plantarum K8 Lysates on Skin Moisturizing

( Hangeun Kim ),( Hye Rim Kim ),( Bong Jun Jeong ),( Seung Su Lee ),( Tae Rahk Kim ),( Ji Hye Jeong ),( Miyeong Lee ),( Sinai Lee ),( Jong Suk Lee ),( Dae Kyun Chung ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.1

Skin is the soft outer covering of vertebrates that provides protection from pathogenic infection, physical damage, or UV irradiation, and controls body temperature and water content. In this study, we examined the effects of oral intake of kimchi-derived Lactobacillus plantarum K8 lysates on skin moisturizing. In an in vitro study, we observed that the hyaluronic acid content increased in HaCaT cells treated with L. plantarum K8 lysates. Oral administration of L. plantarum K8 lysates effectively attenuated the horny layer formation and decreased epidermal thickening in DNCB-treated SKH-1 hairless mice skin. The damage to barrier function was reduced after 8 weeks of oral administration of L. plantarum K8 lysates as compared with that in the atopic dermatitis mice. For the test with volunteers, we manufactured experimental candy containing 2.1% L. plantarum K8 lysates, while control candy did not contain bacterial lysate. A significant increase in hydration in the experimental candy-administered group as compared with the control candy-administered group was observed on the face after 4 and 8 weeks, and on the forearm after 4 weeks. Decreases in horny layer thickness and TEWL value were observed on the face and forearm of the experimental group. Together, the in vitro cell line and in vivo mouse studies revealed that L. plantarum K8 lysates have a moisturizing effect. A clinical research study with healthy volunteers also showed an improvement in barrier repair and function when volunteers took L. plantarum K8 lysates-containing candy. Thus, our results suggest that L. plantarum K8 lysates may help to improve skin barrier function.

Differential effects of low and high doses of lipoteichoic acid on lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-6 production.

Kim, Hangeun,Jung, Bong Jun,Kim, Joo Yun,Chung, Dae Kyun Birkhäuser 2014 Inflammation research Vol.63 No.6

<P>Interleukin-6 (IL-6), which is increased in patients who are suffering from septic shock, is an important mediator of the inflammatory response. Here, we examined the priming effect of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on IL-6 production in a monocyte-like cell line.</P>

Lipoteichoic Acid Isolated from Lactobacillus plantarum Inhibits Melanogenesis in B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells

Kim, Hye Rim,Kim, Hangeun,Jung, Bong Jun,You, Ga Eun,Jang, Soojin,Chung, Dae Kyun Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2015 Molecules and cells Vol.38 No.2

Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a major component of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria. Its effects on living organisms are different from those of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) found in Gram-negative bacteria. LTA contributes to immune regulatory effects including anti-aging. In this study, we showed that LTA isolated from Lactobacillus plantarum (pLTA) inhibited melanogenesis in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. pLTA reduced the cellular activity of tyrosinase and the expression of tyrosinase family members in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of microphthalmia- associated transcription factor (MITF), a key factor in the synthesis of melanin, was also decreased by pLTA. Further, we showed that pLTA activated melanogenesis signaling, such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinse (PI3K)/AKT. In addition, the expression of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) and HuR, which are important RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), was reduced. pLTA likely degrades MITF via regulation of melanogenic signaling and RNA stability of melanogenic proteins, resulting in the reduction of melanin. Thus, our data suggest that pLTA has therapeutic potential for treating hyperpigmentation disorders and can also be used as a cosmetic whitening agent.

Lactobacillus plantarum lipoteichoic acid alleviates TNF-α-induced inflammation in the HT-29 intestinal epithelial cell line

Kim, Hangeun,Jung, Bong Jun,Jung, Ji Hae,Kim, Joo Yun,Chung, Sung Kyun,Chung, Dae Kyun Springer-Verlag 2012 Molecules and cells Vol.33 No.5

Review : Inhibitory Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum Extracts on HT-29 Colon Cancer Cell Apoptosis Induced by Staphylococcus aureus and Its Alpha-Toxin

( Hangeun Kim ),( Hyesun Kim ),( Woojung Park ),( Daekyun Chung ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.11

Staphylococcus aureus plays an important role in sepsis, septic shock, pneumonia, and wound infections. Here, we demonstrate that Lactobacillus plantarum extracts inhibited S. aureusinduced cell death of a human epithelial cell line, HT-29. In particular, we have shown that S. aureus-induced cell death was abolished by neutralization of α-toxin, indicating that α-toxin is the major mediator of S. aureus-induced cell death. DNA fragmentation experiment and caspase assay revealed that the S. aureus-induced cell death was apoptosis. L. plantarum extracts inhibited the generation of effector caspase-3 and the initiator caspase-9 in S. aureusor α-toxin-induced cell death. Moreover, expression of Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein, was activated in L. plantarum extract-treated cells as compared with the S. aureus- or α-toxintreated only cells. Furthermore, S. aureus-induced apoptosis was efficiently inhibited by lipoteichoic acid and peptidoglycan of L. plantarum. Together, our results suggest that L. plantarum extracts can inhibit the S. aureus-mediated apoptosis, which is associated with S. aureus spreading, in intestinal epithelial cells, and may provide a new therapeutic reagent to treat bacterial infections.

Lipoteichoic Acid Isolated from Staphylococcus aureus Induces Both Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Wound Healing in HaCaT Cells

( Seongjae Kim ),( Hyeoung-eun Kim ),( Boyeon Kang ),( Youn-woo Lee ),( Hangeun Kim ),( Dae Kyun Chung ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.10

Lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a cell wall component of gram-positive bacteria, is recognized by Toll-like receptor 2, expressed on certain mammalian cell surfaces, initiating signaling cascades that include nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase. There are many structural and functional varieties of LTA, which vary according to the different species of gram-positive bacteria that produce them. In this study, we examined whether LTA isolated from Staphylococcus aureus (aLTA) affects the expression of junction proteins in keratinocytes. In HaCaT cells, tight junctionrelated gene expression was not affected by aLTA, whereas adherens junction-related gene expression was modified. High doses of aLTA induced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2, which in turn induced the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HaCaT cells. When cells were given a low dose of aLTA, however, NF-κB was activated and the total cell population increased. Taken together, our study suggests that LTA from S. aureus infections in the skin may contribute both to the outbreak of EMT-mediated carcinogenesis and to the genesis of wound healing in a dose-dependent manner.

키토산의 항균활성에 미치는 염화나트륨 및 유기산의 영향

홍의범 ( Yi Fan Hong ),김한근 ( Hangeun Kim ),방면호 ( Myun Ho Bang ),김현수 ( Hyun Su Kim ),김태락 ( Tae Rack Kim ),박윤희 ( Yun Hee Park ),정대균 ( Dae Kyun Chung ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2014 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.42 No.4

식품용 방부제로써의 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 염화나트륨, 아세트산, 젖산, 구연산이 포함된 배지를 사용하여 대장균 및 황색포도 상구균에 대한 키토산의 항균성을 조사하였다. 키토산의 억제활성은 100 ppm의 키토산(분자량 3,000)이 포함된 배양배지에 염화나트륨을 첨가시킴으로써 미세하게 감소하였다. 반면, 아세트산, 젖산, 구연산 등은 세균의 성장에 대한 키토산의 억제활성을 증가시켰다. 이러한 결과는 염화나트륨, 아세트산, 젖산, 구연산과 같은 식품 첨가 성분이 키토산의 항균활성에 심각한 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 것을 보여준다. The antibacterial activity of chitosan against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was investigated in the presence of NaCl, acetic acid, lactic acid, and citric acid to assess its potential use as a food preservative. The inhibitory activity of chitosan decreased slightly upon adding NaCl to culture broth containing 100 ppm of chitosan (MW 3,000), while adding acetic acid, lactic acid, or citric acid enhanced the inhibitory activity of chitosan on growing cells. Our results indicate that food components, such as NaCl, acetic acid, lactic acid, and citric acid, can significantly affect the bactericidal activity of chitosan.

Simultaneous Determination of Flavonoids in Filipendula glaberrima by HPLC/DAD

Sanghyun Lee,Hak-Dong Lee,Juree Kim,Jungwon Choi,Yunji Lee,Ki-Young Kim,Hangeun Kim 한국원예학회 2021 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2021 No.10

Filipendula glaberrima, commonly known as meadowsweet, is a plant endemic to South Korea. It is economically important as a food source and used as a medicine in treating ailments. Previous studies have shown that F. glaberrima contained monotropitoside, (+)-catechin, and β-sitosterol 3-O-glucoside, and studies of the same genus, Filipendula, indicated that flavonoids and polyphenolic constituents were high. The aim of this study is to establish a method for simultaneous determination of major flavonoids, such as (+)-catechin, quercetin 3-O-glucuronide, quercitrin, and afzelin, in F. glaberrima. High-performance liquid chromatography with a gradient elution system system (0.25% acetic acid in water:acetonitrile = 90:10 to 0:100 for 40 min) was used. A reverse-p hase INNO C18 column with UV detection at 270 nm was employed for the separation of four constituents at room temperature. The developed HPLC method has been successfully applied to flavonoid analysis of F. glaberrima. These results provide the basis for further experimentation. F. glaberrima has been scarcely studied not only in compound isolation but also in component analysis and its bioactivities. Therefore F. glaberrima has great value for future research.

중소제조업체의 PB 생산 관여의 동기적 요인이 기업성과에 미치는 영향

김완민 ( Kim Wonmin ),이한근 ( Lee Hangeun ),강성호 ( Kang Seongho ) 한국유통경영학회(구 한국유통정보학회) 2018 유통경영학회지 Vol.21 No.2

최근 중소제조업체들은 지속적인 성장 동력 및 경쟁력을 확보하기 위해 유통업체 브랜드 생산(private brand: 이하 PB)을 중요한 성장 요인으로 인식하고 있다. 이는 PB 시장점유율이 크게 성장함에 따라, 중소제조업체의 브랜드 자산, 유통업체의 관계 강화, 매출 증대 등 다양한 가치를 창출할 수 있는 원동력으로 작용하기 때문이다. 하지만, 중소제조업체 관리자들은 PB를 생산하는 것이 기업의 성장전략에 중요한 관리적 요소임을 인지하고 있으나, 자사가 기대하는 기업 성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 관해서는 의문점으로 제시하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 자원기반이론을 토대로 중소제조업체가 PB 생산에 관여하는 동기를 ‘이익추구 동기’와’손실회피 동기’로 구분하고 중소제조업체의 성과에 미치는 영향을 실증 조사하였다. 실증 분석결과, 중소공급업체의 이익추구 동기인 R&D 역량은 PB 생산 관여에 긍정적 영향을 미치나 마케팅 역량은 PB 생산 관여에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한, 중소공급업체의 PB 생산은 기업의 재무적 성과와 시장성과를 증대시키는 것으로 파악되었다. 이러한 분석결과를 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 학문적 · 실무적 시사점을 제시하였다. This study examines how manufacturing SME`s Private Brand(hereafter called PB) production motivation, specifically rent-seeking motivation and loss-avoidance motivation influences their performance. The explicit purpose of this study was to reveal the mechanism through which manufacturing SME`s PB production motivation affects the firm`s performance. Drawing on the resource based theory, we hypothesized the relationship between firm`s PB production motivation(rent-seeking motivation: brand capability, R&D capability, loss-avoidance motivation: brand reputation, and channel bonding capabilities) and performance(financial performance and market performance) through the engagement of PB production. To test the hypotheses, reponse were obtained from 201 manufacturing SME`s in South Korea. The proposed model was estimated using structural equation modeling. The results indicated that R&D capabilities, brand reputation, and channel bonding capabilities were positively related to the engagement of PB production, but marketing capabilities was not. Also, the engagement of manufacturing SME`s PB production positively associated firms` financial and market performance. The theoretical and practical implications of the present research are discussed, together with its limitations.