오차드그라스의 예취빈도에 따른 무기태질소의 단기시용 효과

조익환,이용세,전하준 대구대학교 과학기술연구소 1998 科學技術硏究 Vol.5 No.2

A study was made to estimate the economic level(Necon.) of mineral nitrogen and a proper cutting frequency for the dry matter production of Orchardgrass (Dactlyis glomerata L.) during the harvested years in 1993∼1995. Annual mineral nitrogen was applied at the levels of 0, 90, 180, 270 and 360 kg ha^(-1) in 3 cuttings, 0, 120, 240. 360 and 480 kg ha^(-1) in 4 cuttings, and 0. 150. 300. 450 and 600 kg ha^(-1) in 5 cuttings, respectively. The dry matter yields of all cutting frequencies in 1993 were significantly higher than in the other harvested years. Mean dry matter yield were 13.1, 12.7 and 14.3 tons ha-1 in 3, 4 and 5 cuttings, respectively. Higher efficiencies of dry matter production in response to mineral nitrogen application were recorded as 12.9 kg at level of 360 kg ha^(-1) yr-1 in 3 cuttings. 27.3 kg at level of 240 kg ha-1 yr^(-1) in 4 cuttings, and 20.5 kg at level of 150 kg ha-1 yr-1 in 5 cuttings, respectively. Significantly higher dry matter yields appeared as 4.6 tons ha-1 at 1st cut in 3 cuttings, 3.7 tons and 4.1 tons ha^(-1) at 2nd cut in 4 and 5 cuttings, respectively. The estimated marginal dry matter yields(Ymar.) were 11.7∼12.3 tons ha^(-1) at ranges of economic N level of 285.5∼316.6 kg ha^(-1) yr^(-1) in 3 cuttings, 10.4∼10.5 tons ha-1 at ranges of 176.7∼196.6 kg ha^(-1) yr^(-1) in 4 cuttings, and 11.2∼11.6 tons ha^(-1) at ranges of 246.1∼286.0 kg ha^(-1) yr^(-1) in 5 cuttings, respectively. Maximun dry matter yields(Ymax.) were 14.3 tons at the level of limiting N(Nmax.) of 379.5 kg ha^(-1) yr^(-1) in 3 cuttings. 11.1 ton at level of limiting N of 298.4 kg ha^(-1) yr^(-1) in 4 cuttings, and 12.3 ton at level of limiting N of 467.7 kg ha^(-1) yr^(-1) in 5 cuttings, respectively. Economic N level in all cuts were in the ranges of 85.1∼116.1 kg ha^(-1) cut^(-1) in 3 cuttings, 31.3∼69.7 kg ha^(-1) cut^(-1) in 4 cuttings, and 30.8∼81.4 kg ha^(-1) cut^(-1) in 5 cuttings, respectively.

Bloodstream Infections and Clinical Significance of Healthcare-associated Bacteremia: A Multicenter Surveillance Study in Korean Hospitals

Son, Jun Seong,Song, Jae-Hoon,Ko, Kwan Soo,Yeom, Joon Sup,Ki, Hyun Kyun,Kim, Shin-Woo,Chang, Hyun-Ha,Ryu, Seong Yeol,Kim, Yeon-Sook,Jung, Sook-In,Shin, Sang Yop,Oh, Hee Bok,Lee, Yeong Seon,Chung, Doo The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2010 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.25 No.7

<P>Recent changes in healthcare systems have changed the epidemiologic paradigms in many infectious fields including bloodstream infection (BSI). We compared clinical characteristics of community-acquired (CA), hospital-acquired (HA), and healthcare-associated (HCA) BSI. We performed a prospective nationwide multicenter surveillance study from 9 university hospitals in Korea. Total 1,605 blood isolates were collected from 2006 to 2007, and 1,144 isolates were considered true pathogens. HA-BSI accounted for 48.8%, CA-BSI for 33.2%, and HCA-BSI for 18.0%. HA-BSI and HCA-BSI were more likely to have severe comorbidities. <I>Escherichia coli</I> was the most common isolate in CA-BSI (47.1%) and HCA-BSI (27.2%). In contrast, <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> (15.2%), coagulase-negative <I>Staphylococcus</I> (15.1%) were the common isolates in HA-BSI. The rate of appropriate empiric antimicrobial therapy was the highest in CA-BSI (89.0%) followed by HCA-BSI (76.4%), and HA-BSI (75.0%). The 30-day mortality rate was the highest in HA-BSI (23.0%) followed by HCA-BSI (18.4%), and CA-BSI (10.2%). High Pitt score and inappropriate empirical antibiotic therapy were the independent risk factors for mortality by multivariate analysis. In conclusion, the present data suggest that clinical features, outcome, and microbiologic features of causative pathogens vary by origin of BSI. Especially, HCA-BSI shows unique clinical characteristics, which should be considered a distinct category for more appropriate antibiotic treatment.</P>

예취빈도에 따른 질소시비가 오차드 그라스의 영양가와 양분수량에 미치는 영향

조익환,전하준,김민 대구대학교 과학기술연구소 1999 科學技術硏究 Vol.6 No.2

This experiment was carried out to investigated the effects of levels of mineral nitrogen under various cutting systems on the nutritive value and nutrient yields of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) during harvested years in 1993-1995. The contents of crude protein (CP), total digestible nutrients (TDN), relative feed value (RFV) and annual nutrient yields in relatively wet year (1993) were significantly higher than those in the other harvested years, but the tendency of contents of acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were against. The contents of CP, TDN, RFV of all cutting frequencies were highest at the last cut, but lowest at the 2nd cut. The annual nutrient yields were highest at the 1 st cut in 3 cuttings, and at the 2nd cut in 4 and 5 cuttings, respectively. Significantly higher contents of CP in all cutting frequencies appeared in according to increase the levels of mineral nitrogen, but the contents of ADF were lower with nitrogen fertilization of 60 kg ha^(-1) cut^(-1) in 4 and 5 cuttings than those in non-fertilized plots. Higher efficiencies of dry matter production (kg DMY kg^(-1) N), crude protein production (kg CPY kg^(-1) N) and total digestible nutrients production (kg TDNY kg^(-1) N) in response to mineral nitrogen fertilization were recorded as 12.9, 1.4 and 7.6 kg at level of 360 kg ha^(-1) in 3 cuttings, 27.3. 2.7 and 16.0 kg at level of 120 kg ha^(-1) in 4 cuttings, 20.5, 2.0 and 12.7 kg at level of 360 k, ha^(-1) in 5 cuttings, respectively. In all treatments, negative correlation between CP and ADF or NDF appeared (P<0.001). Positive correlations were recorded between CP and TDN or RFV. and among TDN and nutrient yields (P<0.01).

미량원소의 엽면시비가 토마토의 초기 생육에 미치는 영향 : Lycopersicum esculemtum Mill

전하준,최문환,김민 대구대학교 생명과학연구소 2002 생명과학연구 Vol.1 No.2

토마토를 이용하여 미량원소 엽면시비제인 Saponin과 EVA를 각각 1000㎖·ℓ^-1와 3000㎖·ℓ^-1의 농도로 처리하여, 생육초기에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 토마토의 초장, 엽수, 경경 그리고 엽면적에 미치는 엽면 시비제의 생육촉진효과의 일정한 경향을 관찰할 수는 없었지만, 생육단계에 따라서 일부 처리에 있어서는 엽면시비에 의한 수치의 증가를 관찰할 수 있었다. 그러나, 각각의 조사항목에 대한 수치의 변화는 서로 연관성이 있을 것으로 생각되며, 이러한 수치의 변화는 미량요소에 의한 효과인지 아니면 성분표시가 되어있지 않은 식물생장조절물질 같은 성분의 효과인지에 대해서는 앞으로도 계속적인 실험을 통하여 확인할 필요가 있을 것으로 생각되었다. 본 실험의 결과에서 생산자의 무분별한 엽면시비제의 사용은 그 효능과 효과에 의문을 제기할 수 있는 가능성이 충분히 있을 수 있으므로, 그 사용에 있어서는 작물에 따라서 성분, 사용량, 사용방법을 충분히 파악하여 사용하는 것이 경제적일 뿐만 아니라 작물생육을 위해서도 유익할 것으로 생각되었다. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of foliar application of microelements on the earlier growth of table variety tomato. There were no significant effects of foliar application on plant height, leaf number, stem diameter, leaf area in tomato, but it seemed that there were some possibility for growth promote effect in leaf number and leaf area by foliar spray of EVA 1000㎖·ℓ^-1 and Saponin 1000㎖·ℓ^-1 treatment at some growth stages. Foliar spray of microelements may have some efficient effects for plant growth or differentiation, they have to confirmed the optimum concentration, treatment times and components with plants.

지렁이분립과 커피찌거기의 혼합상토가 케일유묘의 생육에 미치는 영향

전하준,조익환 대구대학교 과학기술연구소 1996 科學技術硏究 Vol.3 No.1

This study was carried out to find the effects of the mixtures of earthworm cast and coffee lees as a vegetable plant growth medium on the growth of hale seedlings. The mixed ratios of earthworm cast and coffee lees were 100:0, 75:25, 50:50 25: 75 and 0:100%. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The hydrogen ion concentration(pH) was recorded 7.54 in nursery soil with 100% of earthworm cast treatment, but the lower mixed ratios of earthworm cast in nursery soil were, the more it fell down. Thus, pH in 100% of coffee lees treatment and commercial plant growth medium as control treatment was showed 5.68 and 5.80, respectively. 2. The nursery sorb with 100% of earthworm cast was generally higher than treatment of the others in shoot dry weight per plant. The shoot dry weight per plant was also high in the control treatment except 3rd week, but there was no significant between the control treatment and the treatment including 75% of earthworm cast and of 25% of coffee lees. 3. As growth stages were developed, the plant iength(cm), number of leaves and diameter of stem of kale seedling were increased in all treatments. Especially, it was clear in 100% of earthworm cast treatment. In the meanwhile, the plant Iength(cm), number of leaves and the diameter of stem in the control treatment were higher than those of in treaments consisting both of 75:25 and 50:50(%) of mixing ratios with earthworm cast to coffee lees in the early growth, but in the latter growth in the mixture of 75% of earthworm cast and of 25% of coffee lees was showed a similar tendency to the control treatment.

자연환경방사선에 의한 피폭선량(유효선량당량)의 종합적 해석연구

전재식,채하석,이병영,김현창,이동준,김도성,엄두하 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1990 연구논문집 Vol.10 No.-

자연환경방사선의 세 가지 주요 요소인 지각방사선, 우주선 전리성분 및 라돈과 그 자핵종이 주는 선량을 측정, 해석하였는 바 18개월간에 걸쳐 대전, 수원, 경산 지역에 대하여 수행하고 이를 종합하여 유효선량당량으로 평가하였다. 지각방사선과 우주선 전리성분 측정을 위하여 3"∮×3" Nal(Tl) 섬광검출기와 휴대형 다중파고분석기를 이용한 감마선 분광분석 및 ^7LiF PTEE disk TLD에 의한 적산선량측정을 병행하였고, 공기중 라돈농도의 측정은 CR-39 고체비적검출기를 내장한 라돈컵을 설계제작하여 사용하였으며 비적수 라돈농도 교정인자는 스웨덴 국립방사선 방호연구소의 표준 라돈 챔버내에서 조사하여 결정하였다. 세 지역의 가연방사선에 의한 유효선량당량에는 약간의 수치적 차이는 있었으나 본질적 차이는 찾아볼 수 없었으며 지역 측정치의 분산가중 평균치는 지각방사선 (463±3)uSvㆍy^-1[(52.9±0.3)nSvㆍh^-1], 우주선 전리성분 (287±15)uSvㆍy^-1[(32.8±1.7)nSvㆍy^-1]로 외부 피폭이 (775±9)uSvㆍy^-1[(88.5±1.0)nSvㆍy^-1]였으며 라돈과 그 자핵종에 의한 내부피폭은 (1973±298)uSvㆍy^-1[(225.2±34.0)nSvㆍy^-1]였다. 따라서 자연황경방사선에 의한 여간 총 선량당량은 (2762±296)uSvㆍy^-1[(315.3±34.0)nSvㆍh^-1]로 평가되었는데 이 값들은 UN보고서^(11)에 나온 “정상적 자연방사선 지역”의 값과 비교할 만한 타당한 값으로 나타났다. Assessment of effective dose equivalent from natural environmental radiation that consists of terrestrial gamma­ray, ionizing component of cosmic­ray and alpha­rays of atmospheric radon and its decay products has been carried out for 18 months in Daejeon, Suwon and Kyungsan areas. A 3"∮×3"cylindrical Nal(Ti) scintillation detector in association with portable multichannel analyser and ^7LiF PTFE disk TLDs were used for the measurement of terrestrial gamma­ray and cosmic­ray ionizing component, while self­designed radon­cups with CR-39 SSNTD attached to the inside bottom were used for the integral measurement of at­mospheric radon concentration. Determination of calibration factor for converting track density of CR-39 detector to radon concentration was made by irradiation of radon­cups in the standard radon chamber of Swedish National Institute of Radiation Protection. Although resultant effective dose equivalents of three different measurment points show minor numerical differences, no essential discripancy between the places was found. The variance weighted means of the annual effective dose equivalents of each component of radiation from the tree places came out to be: (463±3)uSvㆍy^-1[(52.9±0.3)nSvㆍy^-1] for terrestrial gamma­ray, (287±15)uSvㆍy^-1[(32.8±1.7)nSvㆍy^-1] for ionizing component of cosmic­ray and (1973±298)uSvㆍy^-1[(225.2±34.0)nSvㆍy^-1] for internal exposure of radon and its decay products. Consequent total effective dose equivalent turned out to be (2762±298)uSvㆍy^-1[(315.3±34.0)nSvㆍy^-1], which if reasonably comparable with that appeared in UNSCEAR Report^[11]as per caput annual effective dose equivalent in “areas of normal back ground radiation.”

미량원소의 엽면시비가 고추유묘의 생육에 미치는 영향

전하준,김민 대구대학교 생명과학연구소 2003 생명과학연구 Vol.1 No.3

고추 유모의 초기 생육에 미치는 미량원소 엽면시비제의 효과를 검정하기 위하여 사포닌과 EVA를 각각 1000㎖·ℓ^-1와 3000㎖·ℓ^-1의 농도로 처리하여 그 결과를 조사하였다. 고추 유모의 초장, 엽수, 경경 그리고 엽면적에 미치는 두 가지 엽면시비제의 생육촉진효과는 처리 제제와 처리 농도에 따라 일정한 경향을 나타내지는 않았다. 그런데, 사포닌 3000㎖·ℓ^-1처리에서는 대조구에 비해서 시간이 경과함에 따라서 초장과 경경에서 약간의 증가 경향을 나타내어 생육촉진효과의 가능성을 시사하였다. EVA는 일시적이기는 하지만 엽면적을 증가시키는 결과를 나타내었으며, 1000㎖·ℓ^-1보다는 3000㎖·ℓ^-1에서 더 높았다. 본 실험에서의 미량원소의 엽면시비는 단기간의 초기생육에서의 결과이므로 그 효과를 속단할 수는 없으나, 정밀한 시비 관리가 어려운 토양재배나 일시적인 생육촉진 효과에는 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Two kinds of foliar fertilizers of microelements, Saponin and EVA, were examined for check up the effect of growth promotion in hot pepper seedling. There were no significant effects of foliar fertilization of microelement nutrients on plant height, leaf number, stem diameter and leaf area in hot pepper. But, there were some increases of plant height and stem diameter with Saponin 3000㎖·ℓ^-1 treatment than control. Also, there were increases of leaf area with increasing concentration of EVA. It was confirmed that foliar fertilization of microelement nutrients may improve the growth of hot pepper seedlings.

액상유기물시비제의 토양관주 및 엽면살포가 고추 유묘의 초기 생육에 미치는 영향

전하준,김인규 대구대학교 생명과학연구소 2003 생명과학연구 Vol.2 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of fertigation and foliar spray with liquid organic nutrients on the early growth of hot pepper seedlings. The foliar spray of liquid organic nutrients with l000㎖ · ℓ^(-1)was effective on the increase of plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter and leaf area of hot pepper seedling. The spray of liquid organic nutrients with 500㎖ · ℓ^(-1) was only effective on the increase of number of leaves of hot peppers. But the fertigations of liquid organic nutrients with 1000㎖ · ℓ^(-1)and 2000㎖ · ℓ^(-1) increased partly to plant height and leaf area of hot pepper seedlings. It was confirmed that foliar application of liquid organic nutrients containing chitosan and wood vinegar could improve the early growth of hot pepper seedlings

고형배지의 종류가 수경재배 멜론의 품종별 과실의 생육과 품질에 미치는 영향

전하준,황진규,김인규,손미자 대구대학교 생명과학연구소 2004 생명과학연구 Vol.3 No.1

In order to examine how growth substances influence to fruit growth and its quality, we cultivated 3 different kinds of melons which grown in hydroponic system into 3 different types of growth substances, such as perlite, perlite/rock wool and rock wool/perlite. In this experiment, “Siroi Kagayaki”, showed no significant difference in fruit weight and its diameter in any of growth substances, but higher in plant height in perlite/rock wool than Perlite. In case of “TS-1806”, there were no significant differences in soluble solids, fruit weight and diameter in all the substances. However, it showed longer in fruit length in rock wool / perlite than that in perlite/ rock wool. In addition, the soluble solids in placenta and flesh were higher in perlite than those in rock wool/perlite.

廢紙纖維를 利用한 緩效性肥料가 콩의 生育, 收量 및 土壤에 미치는 影響

전하준,백준호,김태주 대구대학교 과학기술연구소 1997 科學技術硏究 Vol.4 No.3

The study was conducted to find out the effects of slow-released fertilizer(SRF) on the growth and yield of soybeans and in the soil. The plant height of soybeans was showed the higher in the SRF than in urea at early growth stage, but that showed the very similar results in both of SRF and urea at late growth stage. The chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity of soybeans were higher in the SRF than in urea at 40days after sowing. Grain yield was not significantly different between in the SRF and in urea. Total nitrogen content in the grain and shoot of soybeans was showed higher in the SRF than urea. Nitrogen uptake in the grains of soybeans was similar results in both of the SRF and urea, but that of SRF in the shoot was higher than in urea. Efficiency of nitrogen in the SRF of soybeans was higher than in urea by 13.1%. Nitrogen content in the soil after experiment of SRF was lower than in urea.