http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
The level of urinary aflatoxin M1 in Korean adults
Yong-Dae Kim1, Hyojin Kwon, Sun-In Moon, Sang-Yong Eom, Jung-Duk Park, Byung-Sun Choi, Seok-Joon Sohn, Young-Seoub Hong, Ho Kim, Ho-Jang Kwon, Ji-Ae Lim, Hae-Jung Yoon, Gwang-Jin Kim, Heon Kim 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.3
Competitive ELISA methods were used to measure the level of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) from urine in 1008 Korean adults. Subjects were selected by random sampling in all areas of Korea, except Cheju-do. The recovery rate of AFM1 using this method was 105% (73-124%). The geometric mean of urinary AFM1 in all subjects was 3.43 pg/mL (3.67 ng/g creatinine). The level of AFM1 in males was statistically higher, compared with female subjects. However, the levels of AFM1 did not differ according to age. Subjects in Chungbuk-do showed the highest urinary AFM1 concentration, whereas subjects in Kyeongnam-do showed the lowest concentration. Assuming an excretion rate of 5%, this AFM1 excretion corresponds to approximately 0.1 microgram/day in Korean adults.
종 분포 모형을 이용한 구상나무림의 지속 및 쇠퇴에 관한 연구 - 전라남도 광양시 백운산을 중심으로 -
조선희 ( Seon Hee Cho ),박종영 ( Jong Young Park ),박정호 ( Jeong Ho Park ),이양근 ( Yang Geun Lee ),문이만 ( Lee Man Mun ),강상호 ( Sang Ho Kang ),김광현 ( Gwang Hyun Kim ),윤종국 ( Jong Guk Yun ) 한국산림과학회 2015 한국산림과학회지 Vol.104 No.3
The present study investigated the habitats of Korean fir trees (Abies koreana E. H. Wilson) on Mt. Baekwun (Baekwun-san), determined the current distribution, quantified the contribution of biological and nonbiological environmental factors affecting the distribution, derived actual and potential habitats, presented a plan for the establishment of protected areas, applied RCP 8.5 climate change scenario to analyze the effects of climate change on the future distribution of Korean fir trees, and predicted future potential habitats. According to the results of the study, 3,325 Korean fir trees (DBH >= 2.5 cm) inhabited Mt. Baekwun, and their distribution area was approximately 150 ha. Populations of Korean fir trees were confirmed to exist at an altitude of 900 m above sea level and were distributed up to 1,200 m. Based on potential distribution, areas appropriate for habitation by Korean fir trees were analyzed to be 450 ha, three times the current distribution area, with a focus on Sang Peak (Sang-bong), Eokbul Peak (Eokbul-bong), Ddari Peak (Ddari-bong), and Dosol Peak (Dosol-bong). The forest stands near Sang Peak, the main peak, were evaluated as those with the most appropriate potential for the habitation of Korean fir trees, and populations of the trees tended to prefer the northern slope rather than the southern slope. When climate change scenario RCP 8.5 was applied and future potential distribution was analyzed, the habitats were expected to decrease in area to 20 ha by 2050, with a focus on Sang Peak, and areas appropriate for habitation were predicted not to exist by 2080. Judging from such results, as global warming accelerates, the habitats of Korean fir trees are clearly expected to move from lowlands to highlands.
Changing prevalence of upper gastrointestinal disease in 28 893 Koreans from 1995 to 2005
Kim, Jin Il,Kim, Sang Gyun,Kim, Nayoung,Kim, Jae Gyu,Shin, Sung Jae,Kim, Sang Woo,Kim, Hyun Soo,Sung, Jae Kyu,Yang, Chang Heon,Shim, Ki-Nam,Park, Seun Ja,Park, Joon Yong,Baik, Gwang Ho,Lee, Sang Woo,P Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2009 European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology Vol.21 No.7
OBJECTIVES: Changes in the pattern of gastrointestinal diseases in a population tend to be influenced by changes in diet and lifestyle. Shifts in gastrointestinal disease from 1995 to 2005 in Korea were evaluated, retrospectively. METHODS: Seventeen nationwide medical centers participated in this study. The cross-sectional review of endoscopic findings in 28 893 patients included 8441 patients from 1995, 10 350 patients from 2000, and 10 102 patients from 2005. RESULTS: The prevalence of reflux esophagitis increased from 1.8% in 1995 to 5.9% in 2000 and 9.1% in 2005 (P<0.001, the P value was only for the comparison between 1995 and 2005, the followings were as same). The prevalence of peptic ulcer diseases was 18.0% in 1995, 19.1% in 2000, and 20.2% in 2005 (P<0.001). Although no significant differences were noted in duodenal ulcers (8.4, 8.7, and 8.2%, P=0.449), gastric ulcers showed an increasing trend (9.6, 10.5, and 12.0%, P<0.001). The prevalence of gastric cancer increased from 3.4% in 1995 to 4.5% in 2000 (P<0.001), but then decreased to 2.4% in 2005 (P<0.001). The incidence of advanced gastric cancer was 2.5, 3.2, and 1.3%, respectively (P<0.001), and that of early gastric cancer remained constant with rates of 0.8%, 1.3, and 1.1%, respectively (P=0.056). CONCLUSION: The cross-sectional review of data collected in 1995, 2000, and 2005 showed an increase in reflux esophagitis and peptic ulcer diseases. Meanwhile, the prevalence of gastric cancer increased until 2000, but decreased in 2005.
( Gwang Chul Lee ),( Dong Hwi Kim ),( Sung Hae Park ) 대한슬관절학회 2014 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.26 No.2
Popliteal artery injury is a very rare complication of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The authors experienced a case of popliteal arterial pseudoaneurysm after re-revision of ACL reconstruction using Rigidfix for femoral tunnel fixation. Pseudoaneurysm was detected in knee magnetic resonance imaging, which caused pain, limit of motion, common peroneal nerve palsy, leg swelling and symptoms similar to compartment syndrome. After excision and re-anastomosis of the popliteal artery using a greater saphenous vein graft, all symptoms were resolved within 3 months except for common peroneal nerve palsy. So we report on this case with a review of the literature.
( Gwang Seok Yoon ),( Sang Don Park ),( Yong Soo Baek ),( Man Jong Lee ),( Sung Hee Shin ),( Dae Hyeok Kim ),( Jun Kwan ),( Keum Soo Park ),( Seong Ill Woo ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: We sought to fi nd differences of clinical and angiographic characteristics in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI) patients with or without coronary microvascular dysfunction by index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR). Methods: STEMI patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were enrolled. Baseline characteristics including clinical and angiographic characteristic were investigated in all patients. The IMR, parameter of hyperemic microvascular resistance, was measured with a pressure sensor/thermistor-tipped guide-wire after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) Results: 113 STEMI patients (age=56±11 years, M:F=95:18) were enrolled and 113 culprit lesions of coronary artery were analyzed. The patients were divided into three groups based on following the value of IMR: Low-IMR (n=38, IMR=12. 9±2. 6 U), Mid- IMR (n=38; IMR=23. 9±4. 0 U) and High-IMR group (n=37; IMR=48. 1±17. 1 U). Mean age of Low-IMR was signifi cantly younger than Mid-IMR and High-IMR. Mean doorto- balloon times were under 90 minutes in all IMR groups, and there were no significant differences among each IMR groups. However, symptom-onset-to-balloon time was signifi cantly longer in High-IMR than Mid-IMR and Low-IMR (p<0. 001). The high IMR group included the more frequent proximal location of culprit lesion than non-proximal location (p=0. 008). In multivariate regression analysis, age and symptom- onset-to-balloon time were independent determinants of higher IMR (p=0. 013 for age, p=0. 003 for symptom-onset-to-balloon time). Conclusions: Our data suggests that in STEMI patients with mean door-to-balloon time under 90minutes, age and symptom-onset-to-balloon time may be the main determinants of impaired microcirculatory resistance.
( Sang Hyun Park ),( Yun Hyeong Lee ),( Kyeong Min Son ),( Dae Yong Kim ),( Yong Sub Lee ),( Chang Seok Bang ),( Gwang Ho Baik ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background/Aims: From the past, the hypothesis has been present that cancer, by virtue of it being a thrombotic diathesis, may enhance ischemic heart disease (IHD). In this study, we evaluated the portion of the IHD patient with cancer and extracted the patient whose IHD caused by their cancer. Methods: From January 2007 to December 2012, near all Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) were collected by medical record review. Among them, the patients diagnosed malignancy within 2 years at the time of IHD diagnosis, were selected. We calculated the Framingham risk score and evaluated the risk score difference between the high risk group and moderate to low risk score group. Results: 1636 patients who diagnosed as IHD were collected. Sixty two patients had malignancy, and 15 patients diagnosed cancer within 2 years before or after the time point of IHD diagnosis. Six patients whose score lower than 17 (low to moderate 10 year risk) were extracted. Their Framingham risk score showed lower values with statistical signifi cance by Mann-Whitney test (P<0. 01) than the scores of the other 9 patients with high scores. All of the 6 patients diagnosed cancer within 2year from the point of IHD diagnosis. And types of cancers were, 3 stomach cancer, 2 colon cancer, and one bladder cancer. Except 1 patients, all the 5 patients received coronary angiography, and have atheromatous plaque lesions. Conclusions: Cancer itself could become one of the independent risk factor for ischemic heart disease even under the low risk conditions considering other known risk factors. Therefore, when IHD is diagnosed without well known other risk factors for IHD, screening for cancer could be considered at the time of diagnosis or until one or two years later.
SAMPLING ERROR ANALYSIS FOR SOIL MOISTURE ESTIMATION
Kim, Gwang-Seob,Yoo, Chul-sang Korea Water Resources Association 2000 Water engineering research Vol.1 No.3
A spectral formalism was applied to quantify the sampling errors due to spatial and/or temporal gaps in soil moisture measurements. The lack of temporal measurements of the two-dimensional soil moisture field makes it difficult to compute the spectra directly from observed records. Therefore, the space-time soil moisture spectra derived by stochastic models of rainfall and soil moisture was used in their record. Parameters for both models were tuned with Southern Great Plains Hydrology Experiment(SGP'97) data and the Oklahoma Mesonet data. The structure of soil moisture data is discrete in space and time. A design filter was developed to compute the sampling errors for discrete measurements in space and time. This filter has the advantage in its general form applicable for all kinds of sampling designs. Sampling errors of the soil moisture estimation during the SGP'97 Hydrology Experiment period were estimated. The sampling errors for various sampling designs such as satedlite over pass and point measurement ground probe were estimated under the climate condition between June and August 1997 and soil properties of the SGP'97 experimental area. The ground truth design was evaluated to 25km and 50km spatial gap and the temporal gap from zero to 5 days.
Kim, Jong Soon,Kim, Yung Jin,Lee, Chung Choo,Paik, Sang Gi,Ahn, Gwang Sook 한국유전학회 1989 Genes & Genomics Vol.11 No.1
In order to study the genetic characteristics of Korean population, 1,202 hemolysate samples were screened for TPI and GPI, and 505 serum samples were analysed for α_2HSGP. Both of the genes controlling TPI and GPI were fixed at TPI*1 and GPI*1 alleles, respectively. However, α_2HSGP was polymorphic and controlled by two alleles, α_2HSGP*1 and α_2HSGP*2 with the frequency of 0.7090 and 0.2910, respectively.