Cloning and Functional Characterization of the Germacradienol Synthase (spterp13) from Streptomyces peucetius ATCC 27952

( Ghimire ),( Gopal Prasad ),( Tae Jin Oh ),( Hei Chan Lee ),( Byung Gee Kim ),( Jae Kyung Sohng ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2008 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.18 No.7

Improved antioxidant activity in transgenic Perilla frutescens plants via overexpression of the γ-tocopherol methyltransferase (γ-tmt) gene.

Ghimire, Bimal Kumar,Seong, Eun Soo,Lee, Chan Ok,Lee, Jae Geun,Yu, Chang Yeon,Kim, Seung Hyun,Chung, Ill Min Springer 2015 Protoplasma Vol.252 No.5

<P>The main goal of this study was to generate transgenic Perilla frutescens with enhanced antioxidant properties by overexpressing the γ-tocopherol methyltransferase (γ-tmt) gene. In this study, the antioxidant activity of methanolic crude extracts of transgenic and non-transgenic control plants was investigated using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. Free radical scavenging activity was evaluated using α-tocopherol and butylated hydroxyl toluene as standard antioxidants. In general, the ethyl acetate fraction of transgenic P. frutescens showed stronger DPPH radical scavenging activity than the ethyl acetate fraction from non-transgenic control plants (IC50 2.00??0.10 and 5.53??0.40?μg?ml(-1), respectively). High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of phenolic acids in leaf extracts confirmed increased levels of 16 individual phenolic compounds in two transgenic lines (pf47-5 and pf47-8) compared with control plants. Changes in the phenolic compound profile and α-tocopherol content were correlated with the antioxidant properties of transgenic plants, indicating that the introduction of transgene γ-tmt influenced the metabolism of phenolic compounds and subsequently produced biochemical changes in the transformants. There were no significant differences in photosynthetic rate in the transgenic plants as compared to the non-transgenic control plants, suggesting that the alteration of phenolic compounds and tocopherol composition had little impact on photosynthesis.</P>

Cypsela morphology of <i>Cirsium</i> species (Asteraceae) and its taxonomic implications

Ghimire, Balkrishna,Suh, Gang Uk,Lee, Cheul Ho,Heo, Kweon,Jeong, Mi Jin Elsevier 2018 Flora Vol.249 No.-

<P><B>A b s t r a c t</B></P> <P>The cypsela morphology and anatomy of 15 species of <I>Cirsium</I> were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy, with the aim of evaluating cypsela features for use in taxonomic studies. Considerable variation was observed in surface micromorphology and the anatomical characteristics of the pericarp and testa. Cypsela size and thickness of the pericarp and testa were categorized using biometric measurements. Multiple discriminant and cluster analyses were used to compare the morphology of cypselae among species. The distinguishing features were color, shape, size, pericarp and testa thickness, and microsculpture. Five basic surface types were identified: ribbed, scrobiculate-ribbed, scalariform, scrobiculate-reticulate, and irregular sulcate. Diagnostic anatomical traits comprised a few to multiple layers of pericarp overlain by a testa with a highly lignified epidermis and a crushed parenchymatous zone. The pericarp was usually distinct among the species investigated with the exception of <I>C. setidens</I> and <I>C. linare</I>, in which it has layers of crushed tissues. The endosperm was characterized by a single layer of cells overlying a massive embryo. ANOVA test showed significant differences among the investigated taxa (<I>P</I> < 0.0001) and an UPGMA tree revealed two well differentiated clusters with a dissimilarity level of 25.0. Although the investigated specimens represent a limited range of taxa, the results of this study highlight the importance of cypsela features in assessing the taxonomic similarities between <I>Cirsium</I> species.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The cypsela morphology and anatomy of 15 species of <I>Cirsium</I> were investigated. </LI> <LI> Considerable variances were observed in cypsela surface micromorphology and anatomical characteristics. </LI> <LI> Five basic types of surface patterns were identified. </LI> <LI> The ANOVA of quantitative cypsela features showed the significant differences among the investigated taxa. </LI> </UL> </P>

The effect of the gap distance between an atmospheric-pressure plasma jet nozzle and liquid surface on OH and N₂ species concentrations

Ghimire, Bhagirath,Sornsakdanuphap, Jirapong,Hong, Young June,Uhm, Han Sup,Weltmann, Klaus-Dieter,Choi, Eun Ha American Institute of Physics, 2017 Physics of plasmas Vol.24 No.7

Effect of Gibberellin and Light on Germination of Seeds in Codonopsis lanceolata Benth

Ghimire, Bimal Kumar,Shin, Chul-Min,Li, Cheng-Hao,Chung, Ill-Min,Lee, Dong-Wook,Kim, Hee-Young,Kim, Na-Young,Lim, Jung-Dae,Kim, Jae-Kwang,Kim, Myong-Jo,Cho, Dong-Ha,Lee, Sun-Joo,Yu, Chang-Yeon The Korean Society of Medicinal Crop Science 2006 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.14 No.5

Seed of Codonopsis lanceolata exhibits low germination due to impermeable seed coat. Prolonged seed dormancy can be overcome by the application of gibberellins, as it promotes growth of the embryo and weakens the structures surrounding of embryo. The effects of photoperiod, sugar and gibberellin concentration were investigated at constant temperature for 12 days and 22 days in vitro and invivo conditions respectively. The rate of germination of seeds of Codonopsis lanceolata in wet filter paper in both complete dark and light treatments was significantly lower than that of seed treated with $GA_3$. It clearly indicates that there is significant coat imposed dormancy in the seed of Codonopsis lanceolata. The rate of germination in vivo condition was lower than that of the in vitro condition supplemented with $GA_3$ Thus, the physical dormancy due to impermeable seed coat and low level of endogenous gibberellins in the seed was the cause of poor germination rate in Codonopsis lanceolata.

Comparative leaf anatomy of native and cultivated Pinus (Pinaceae) in Korea: implication for the subgeneric classification

Ghimire, B.,Lee, C.,Yang, J.,Heo, K. Springer Science + Business Media 2015 Plant systematics and evolution Vol.301 No.2

Seed morphology of the subfamily Helleboroideae (Ranunculaceae) and its systematic implication

Ghimire, B.,Jeong, M.J.,Choi, G.E.,Lee, H.,Suh, G.U.,Heo, K.,Ku, J.J. G. Fischer Verlag 2015 FLORA -JENA- Vol.216 No.-

A comprehensive morphological and anatomical study was carried out on seeds of 28 species from three tribes and eight genera of subfamily Helleboroideae (Aconitum, Actaea, Caltha, Cimicifuga, Delphinium, Eranthis, Megaleranthis and Trollius) and two putatively related genera in Ranunculaceae (Adonis and Ranunculus) using scanning electron and light microscopy to evaluate seed characteristics for use in the examination of systematic relationships. Considerable differences were found in seed coat morphology and anatomy both among and within genera of the subfamily. There are four major types of seed coat surface: striate, lineate, colliculate and irregularly wrinkled. The shape of testal cells was either elongated rectangular, rectangular chiseled, irregular or polygonal to subpolygonal. The wall ornamentation was predominantly smooth and either without any ornamentation or having finely granulated or some ribbon like appendages. The mechanical layer of the seed coat was of the exotestal type except in all species of Eranthis, in which the seed coat mechanical layer was absent; such a seed coat was referred to as being an 'undifferentiated seed-coat'. Maximum parsimony analysis of morphological features establishes three groupings within the studied genera: Aconitum/Delphinium, Actaea/Cimicifuga, and Caltha/Eranthis/Trollius/Megaleranthis. This study is congruent with the earlier groupings of the Helleboroideae based on morphology and also agrees in part with recent molecular studies. Our data convincingly support a close relationship between Caltha-Trollius-Megaleranthis and between Actaea and Cimicifuga. Another group supported strongly by the results of this study is Aconitum-Delphinium.

Optically active charge transfer in hybrids of Alq₃ nanoparticles and MoS₂ monolayer

Ghimire, Ganesh,Dhakal, Krishna P,Neupane, Guru P,Gi Jo, Seong,Kim, Hyun,Seo, Changwon,Hee Lee, Young,Joo, Jinsoo,Kim, Jeongyong IOP 2017 Nanotechnology Vol.28 No.18

<P>Organic/inorganic hybrid structures have been widely studied because of their enhanced physical and chemical properties. Monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides (1L-TMDs) and organic nanoparticles can provide a hybridization configuration between zero- and two-dimensional systems with the advantages of convenient preparation and strong interface interaction. Here, we present such a hybrid system made by dispersing <I>π</I>-conjugated organic (tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum(III)) (Alq<SUB>3</SUB>) nanoparticles (NPs) on 1L-MoS<SUB>2</SUB>. Hybrids of Alq<SUB>3</SUB> NP/1L-MoS<SUB>2</SUB> exhibited a two-fold increase in the photoluminescence of Alq<SUB>3</SUB> NPs on 1L-MoS<SUB>2</SUB> and the n-doping effect of 1L-MoS<SUB>2</SUB>, and these spectral and electronic modifications were attributed to the charge transfer between Alq<SUB>3</SUB> NPs and 1L-MoS<SUB>2</SUB>. Our results suggested that a hybrid of organic NPs/1L-TMD can offer a convenient platform to study the interface interactions between organic and inorganic nano objects and to engineer optoelectronic devices with enhanced performance.</P>

Embryological studies on <i>Abelia tyaihyoni</i> Nakai (Caprifoliaceae)

Ghimire, Balkrishna,Suh, Gang Uk,Lee, Cheul Ho,Heo, Kweon,Jeong, Mi Jin Elsevier 2018 Flora Vol.242 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P> <I>Abelia tyaihyoni</I> is a Korean endemic species and also designated as an endangered taxon in the IUCN Red List. We present a comprehensive embryology of <I>A. tyaihyoni</I>, comparing it with previously available information on the Caprifoliaceae and related families, and identifying possible evolutionary trends. Overall, comparisons showed that <I>Abelia</I> is similar to the other genera of Caprifoliaceae in many embryological features, including the tetrasporangiate anther, the anther wall, dicotyledonous wall formation, fibrous endothecium, simultaneous cytokinesis, tetrahedral tetrads, and three-celled pollen grains. In addition, <I>Abelia</I> share anatropous, unitegmic, and tenuinucellate ovules, ephemeral antipodals, and a cellular-type endosperm with many caprifoliaceous genera. Some embryological features, such as the amoeboid tapetum with several nuclei forming a polyploid mass, bisporic <I>Allium</I>-type embryo sac, obturator, bilayered endocarp, and compressed exotesta, are here described for the first time in this genus. The results confirm that <I>A. tyaihyoni</I> shares some significant embryological features with other Caprifoliaceae. Although previous embryological studies on the Caprifoliaceae lack convincing evolutionary explanations, our comparative approach demonstrates some possible apomorphies in <I>Abelia</I> such as the presence of two sterile carpels, bisporic <I>Allium</I>-type embryo sac, single-seeded fruit, bilayered and sclerified endocarp, and compressed exotesta.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>Abelia</I> is similar to the other Caprifoliaceae in many embryological features. </LI> <LI> Amoeboid tapetum with several nuclei forming polyploidy mass is new to the genus. </LI> <LI> Bisporic <I>Allium</I> type of embryo sac and obturator formation is also new to the genus. </LI> <LI> <I>Allium</I> embryo sac, bilayered endocarp & compressed exotesta are possible apomorphies for the family. </LI> </UL> </P>

Data-Driven Intelligent Feeding System for Pet Care

Ghimire Ravi,Jae Weon Choi 제어로봇시스템학회 2022 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.11

The rapid development of artificial intelligence, the internet of things, and digital information processing technology has a huge impact on our daily lives with smart devices and wearables. The well-being of companion animals such as dogs and cats has become a large challenge. An increasing number of pet owners, their emotional attachment with their pets, and the 21st-century’s lifestyle importantly need the safety and welfare of pets by harnessing a smart technological approach. This paper analyzes and compares different machine learning algorithms for data-driven intelligent feeding system for pet care application. Different parameters such as body weight growth, body temperature, heart rate, eating habits, activity, sleep, and urine pH have been considered with other correlated sub-variables in creating virtual datasets. The supervised machine learning models: linear regression, gaussian process regression, narrow neural network, linear support vector machine, and fine tree are evaluated and discussed for estimating feed quantity. The machine learning model was verified by training, validation, and testing datasets. The developed model will be an innovative breakthrough for pet care applications. Feed estimation can be automated using the pet’s health parameters, this will help the pet to prevent obesity and related disorders.