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THE MEGAMASER COSMOLOGY PROJECT. IX. BLACK HOLE MASSES FOR THREE MASER GALAXIES
Gao, F.,Braatz, J. A.,Reid, M. J.,Condon, J. J.,Greene, J. E.,Henkel, C.,Impellizzeri, C. M. V.,Lo, K. Y.,Kuo, C. Y.,Pesce, D. W.,Wagner, J.,Zhao, W. American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal Vol.834 No.1
<P>As part of the Megamaser Cosmology Project, we present VLBI maps of nuclear water masers toward five galaxies. The masers originate in sub-parsec circumnuclear disks. For three of the galaxies, we fit Keplerian rotation curves to estimate their supermassive black hole (SMBH) masses, and determine (2.9 +/- 0.3) x 10(6)M(Theta) for J0437+2456, (1.7 +/- 0.1) x 10(7)M(Theta) for ESO 558-G009, and (1.1 +/- 0.2) x 10(7)M(Theta) for NGC 5495. In the other two galaxies, Mrk 1029 and NGC 1320, the geometry and dynamics are more complicated and preclude robust black hole mass estimates. Including our new results, we compiled a list of 15 VLBI-confirmed disk maser galaxies with robust SMBH mass measurements. With this sample, we confirm the empirical relation of R-out proportional to 0.3M(SMBH) reported in Wardle & Yusef-Zadeh. We also find a tentative correlation between maser disk outer radii and Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer luminosity. We find no correlations of maser disk size with X-ray 2-10 keV luminosity or [O III] luminosity.</P>
Zhao, K.J.,Nagashima, Y.,Li, F.M.,Shi, Yuejiang,Diamond, P.H.,Dong, J.Q.,Itoh, K.,Itoh, S.-I.,Zhuang, G.,Liu, H.,Chen, Z.P.,Cheng, J.,Nie, L.,Ding, Y.H.,Hu, Q.M.,Chen, Z.Y.,Rao, B.,Cheng, Z.F.,Gao, L. IOP 2017 Nuclear fusion Vol.57 No.12
<P>The temporal-spatial structures of plasma flows and turbulence around tearing mode islands are presented. The experiments were performed using Langmuir probe arrays in the edge plasmas of J-TEXT tokamak. The correlation analyses clearly show that the flows have similar structures of <I>m</I>/<I>n</I> = 3/1 as the magnetic island does (<I>m</I> and <I>n</I> are the poloidal and toroidal mode numbers, respectively). The sign of the potential fluctuations for the flows inverses and the powers significantly reduce at <I>q</I> = 3 surface. Approaching to the last closed flux surface for the magnetic islands, the radially elongated flow structure forms. The flows are concentrated near separatrix and show quadrupole structures. The turbulence is concentrated near X-point and partly trapped inside the magnetic islands.</P>
Yongzhen Guo,Yang Luo,Weiping Wang,Xiong Luo,Chao Ge,Jürgen Kurths,Manman Yuan,Yang Gao 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2020 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.18 No.2
This paper focuses on the dynamical characteristics of complex-valued memristor-based BAM neural network (CVMBAMNN) with leakage time-varying delay. With two different controllers, we have obtained fixedtime and finite-time synchronization criteria respectively in complex domain for our special model, which few work has studied before. Since fixed-time synchronous system can improve communication security, we designed a scheme for RGB image encryption and decryption. In order to satisfy the requirement of much lower error in image secure communication, our approach can get the error of fixed-time synchronization to about 1×10−13. Due to our highly consistent system, we do get good encryption and decryption effect with encryption and decryption scheme. Finally, numerical simulations are included to demonstrate the correctness of our theoretical results.
Ryu, J.K.,Jin, H.R.,Yin, G.N.,Kwon, M.H.,Song, K.M.,Choi, M.J.,Park, J.M.,Das, N.D.,Kwon, K.D.,Batbold, D.,Lee, T.,Gao, Z.L.,Kim, K.W.,Kim, W.J.,Suh, J.K. Williams and Wilkins Co 2013 The Journal of urology Vol.190 No.2
Purpose: Erectile dysfunction is often a harbinger of cardiovascular disease. We sought to gain mechanistic insight at the cellular and molecular levels into why erectile dysfunction precedes the clinical consequences of cardiovascular disease. Materials and Methods: Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal streptozotocin injection in 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice. At 8 weeks after diabetes induction, we determined the expression of endothelial cell-cell junction proteins and vascular endothelial permeability in the penis, heart and hind limb by systemic injection of various vascular space markers (350 Da to 2,000 kDa) or by immunohistochemical staining with antibody to oxidized low density lipoprotein. We also investigated the effect of recombinant Ang1 protein on cavernous endothelial permeability. Results: Alterations in the integrity of the endothelial cell-cell junction, including a decrease in endothelial cell-cell junction proteins and an increase in vascular permeability to fluorescent tracers or oxidized low density lipoprotein, were prominent in the cavernous tissue of diabetic mice. In contrast, no significant changes in endothelial cell-cell junction proteins or vascular permeability were noted in heart or hind limb tissue according to the diabetic condition. Intracavernous injection of Ang1 protein, an anti-permeability factor, significantly decreased cavernous endothelial permeability to oxidized low density lipoprotein by restoring endothelial cell-cell junction proteins in diabetic mice. Conclusions: The incompetent cavernous endothelial cell-cell junction in the diabetic condition provides an important clue to why erectile dysfunction is highly prevalent and often precedes other systemic vascular diseases.
Jeon, S.J.,Park, H.J.,Gao, Q.,Pena, I.J.d.,Park, S.J.,Lee, H.E.,Woo, H.,Kim, H.J.,Cheong, J.H.,Hong, E.,Ryu, J.H. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 european journal of pharmacology Vol.762 No.-
Prunella vulgaris is widely used as a herbal medicine for cancers, inflammatory diseases, and other infections. Although it has long been used, few studies have examined its effects on central nervous system function. Here, we first observed that ethanolic extracts of P. vulgaris (EEPV) prolonged pentobarbital-induced sleep duration in mice. It is known that EEPV consists of many active components including triterpenoid (ursolic acid and oleanolic acid), which have many biological activities. Therefore, we evaluated which EEPV components induced sleep extension in pentobarbital-mediated sleeping model in mice. Surprisingly, despite their structural similarity and other common functions such as anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, and tissue protection, only ursolic acid enhanced sleep duration in pentobarbital-treated mice. These results were attenuated by bicuculline treatment, which is a GABA<SUB>A</SUB> receptor antagonist. The present results suggest that ursolic acid from P. vulgaris enhances sleep duration through GABA<SUB>A</SUB> receptor activation and could be a therapeutic candidate for insomnia treatment.
Gao, W.,Chen, J.J.,Ma, H.B.,Ma, X.S.,Cui, M.T. Techno-Press 2003 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.15 No.2
The dynamic response analysis of closed loop control system based on probability for the intelligent truss structures with random parameters is presented. The expressions of numerical characteristics of structural dynamic response of closed loop control system are derived by means of the mode superposition method, in which the randomness of physical parameters of structural materials, geometric dimensions of active bars and passive bars, applied loads and control forces are considered simultaneously. The influences of the randomness of them on structural dynamic response are inspected by several engineering examples and some significant conclusions are obtained.
J. S. Kong(공정식),K. Min(민경현),J. Kim(김종민),J. Kim(김지수),G. Gao(가오그),H. Park(박효신),H. H. Han(한현호),D.-W. Cho(조동우) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2021 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.11월
To treat peripheral nerve deficits, a variety of synthetic and decellularized materials with anisotropic architectures are developed due to the advantages proposed by aligned structures with respect to cell activity, migration, and directionality. Additionally, narrowing microscale topological cue has advantages on alignment and migration of cells. However, up to date, fabricating 3D hydrogel constructs composed of thin microfibers under 50 μm using mechanically weak hydrogel like low concentrated dECM bioink is challenge, unlike synthetic polymer-based fabrication. In this study, we created a microgel printing bath solution to three-dimensionally print a dECM bioink, derived from porcine nerve, as a thin microfiber. A 30 μm filament resolution of low viscosity dECM hydrogel with a neutral pH was achieved using an alginate microgel supplemented printing bath. To treat the sciatic nerve defect model of rats, 3D printed cylindrical constructs retaining bundle of dECM microfibers were used as a filler of the polycaprolacton (PCL) conduit. The total number of regenerated axons and relative gastrocnemius muscle weight ratio were comparable to those of the autologous nerve graft group. Meanwhile, the results were superior to those of the porcine decellularized nerve tissue group or the 3D printed filler only group.
Effect of Rapid Thermal Annealing On the Properties of InN Epilayers
J. Gao,B. Liu,Y. Pan,T. Peng,K. M. Wu,C. Liu 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.52 No.-
InN thin films were epitaxially grown on Al₂O₃substrates at 450℃ by radio-frequency assisted molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Rapid thermal annealing (RTA) was performed on the InN thin films at different temperatures for 30 sec with flowing N₂. The surface morphological, structural and electronic properties of the InN epilayers before and after RTA were studied by atomic force microscopy, x-ray diffraction and Hall-effect measurements. It is found that the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the InN (0002) rocking curve and the carrier concentration decrease as the annealing temperature increases. The sample annealed at 500℃ has the minimum FWHM of 383 arcsec, a carrier concentration of 1.7 × 10 17 cm-³$, and a mobility of 703 cm²V-1s-1. The improved quality of InN epilayer is attributed to the removal of the anti-site and interstitial defects during RTA. Such an annealing process may make InN particularly useful in developing electronic devices. InN thin films were epitaxially grown on Al₂O₃substrates at 450℃ by radio-frequency assisted molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Rapid thermal annealing (RTA) was performed on the InN thin films at different temperatures for 30 sec with flowing N₂. The surface morphological, structural and electronic properties of the InN epilayers before and after RTA were studied by atomic force microscopy, x-ray diffraction and Hall-effect measurements. It is found that the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the InN (0002) rocking curve and the carrier concentration decrease as the annealing temperature increases. The sample annealed at 500℃ has the minimum FWHM of 383 arcsec, a carrier concentration of 1.7 × 10 17 cm-³$, and a mobility of 703 cm²V-1s-1. The improved quality of InN epilayer is attributed to the removal of the anti-site and interstitial defects during RTA. Such an annealing process may make InN particularly useful in developing electronic devices.