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Jia-lin Tian,Tangjia Zhang,Liming Dai,Wenming Cheng,Lin Yang,Chang-fu Yuan 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.10
A key problem in drill string dynamics is the stick–slip in deep and large displacement horizontal wells that may lead to the decline in drilling performance or cause tool failure, which may eventually cause underground accidents. Therefore, the research on the production safety, ROP, and increased efficiency in relation to stick–slip theory and practical stick–slip reduction is highly relevant, especially in complex drilling conditions. On this basis, this study takes the new constant torque tool as the engineering background and establishes the working mechanism analytical model of stick–slip reduction and torque constant. A helical dynamic model is established to solve the core problem of the constant torque tool. Then, the differential equation of the helical spline drive motion is deduced. The motion of the helical spline mandrel is calculated, and its analytical results are compared with simulation results. Findings show that the laws of angular displacement, angular velocity, axial displacement, and axial velocity are consistent with the simulation results when the helical spline mandrel moves up or down. The established theoretical model can promote the development of drill string dynamics in new drilling conditions. Moreover, the proposed designing methods can provide new ideas for the development of a stick–slip reduction tool. The results can be further used as reference for key parameter determination and stick–slip reduction technology optimization.
Vibration analysis of new drill string system with hydro-oscillator in horizontal well
Jia-lin Tian,Zhi Yang,You Li,Lin Yang,Chun-ming Wu,Gang Liu,Chang-fu Yuan 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.6
With the growth of oil and gas resource demand, the hydro-oscillator is widely used to enhance the Rate of penetration (ROP) and improve the efficacy in drilling various wells. The vibration model is the key issue of dynamics analysis and optimization of downhole tools. For the vibration analysis of the new drill string system with hydro-oscillator in the horizontal well, based on the design of the new hydro-oscillator and its operation conditions, the kinematics expressions are presented. Combined with the vibration force calculation results of the hydro-oscillator, the dynamics model of the new drill string system is established. Furthermore, the important features of vibration frequency, displacement, velocity and acceleration are discussed in the numerical example calculation results. By comparing the results of the calculation and experiment test, we can verify the correctness of the analysis model. With the hydro-oscillator vibration effect, the static friction between the drill string and wellbore is changed to the dynamic friction, so it can result in a significant increase in run length. At the same time, the ROP can be enhanced with the vibration effect. Moreover, with the parameters’ adjustment according to the operation conditions, the analysis method and model can also provide references to the study of similar downhole tools dynamics or mechanical properties.
Rock-breaking analysis model of new drill bit with tornado-like bottomhole model
Jia-lin Tian,Chang-fu Yuan,Lin Yang,Chuan-hong Fu,Gang Liu,Zhi Yang,Chun-ming Wu 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.4
For improving the rock-breaking efficiency of oil and gas drill bits, a new drill bit is presented with tornado-like bottomhole model(named swirling cutting bit). The new drill bit cutter breaks rock with shocking and cutting effect during the drilling process, and theelements on largest ring cross the borehole center with high speed. It can effectively improve the center rock-breaking efficiency. Meanwhile,for all cutters on different rings breaking rock at the same time, it can optimize the rock-breaking volume of each element andimprove the bit service life. To analyze the interaction features between cutters and rock, the position equations are established by thecylindrical coordinates and complex movement principles, and then the velocity and acceleration equations can be obtained. Based on thenumerical example results, this paper analyzes the bottomhole model, the contact section, and the distribution features of velocities andaccelerations on different rings. By analyzing the acceleration results, we can study the failure mechanism of cutters. At the same time,lab experiments test the bottomhole model and rock-breaking features, and it verifies the accuracy of calculation method and equations. Moreover, the analysis method and models are also applicable to other types of bits or composite bits, and the inputting parameters needcorresponding adjustment for different type of bits.
Lin Peiyi,Liufu Sui,Wang Jinhui,Hou Zhangpeng,Liang Yu,Wang Haiyue,Li Bingxin,Cao Nan,Liu Wenjun,Huang Yunmao,Tian Yunbo,Xu Danning,Li Xiujin,Fu Xinliang 아세아·태평양축산학회 2024 Animal Bioscience Vol.37 No.5
Objective: Stocking density (SD) is an important issue in the poultry industry, which is related to the production performance, intestinal health and immune status. In the present study, the effects of SD on the metabolism and homeostasis of uric acid as well as the related functions of the liver and kidney in ducks were examined. Methods: A total of 360 healthy 56-day-old Shan-ma ducks were randomly divided into the low stocking density (n = 60, density = 5 birds/m2 ), medium stocking density (n = 120, density = 10 birds/m2 ) and high stocking density groups (HSD; n = 180, density = 15 birds/m2 ). Samples were collected in the 3rd, 6th, and 9th weeks of the experiment for analysis. Results: The serum levels of uric acid, lipopolysaccharide and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β [IL-1β], IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]) were increased significantly in the HSD group. Serious histopathological lesions could be seen in both the livers and kidneys in the HSD group in the 9th week. The mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-8 and TNF-α) and related pathway components (toll-like receptor 4, myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88, and nuclear factor-κB) were increased significantly in both the livers and kidneys in the HSD group. The mRNA expression levels of enzymes (adenosine deaminase, xanthine oxidase, phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase, and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1) related to the synthesis of uric acid increased significantly in the livers in the HSD group. However, the mRNA expression level of solute carrier family 2 member 9, which plays an important role in the excretion of uric acid by the kidney, was decreased significantly in the kidneys in the HSD group. Conclusion: These results indicated that a higher SD could cause tissue inflammatory lesions in the liver and kidney and subsequently affect the metabolism and homeostasis of uric acid, and is helpful for guiding decisions related to the breeding and production of ducks.
Pei Lin,Fu-Qing Wang,Chang-Tian Li,Zheng-Fei Yan 한국생물공학회 2020 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.25 No.3
In this study, biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by using Eurotium cristatum, isolated from Fuzhuan brick-tea and its antibacterial activity has been demonstrated. AgNPs were characterized at 425 nm as maximum absorbance peak by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry. The images of transmission electron microscopy revealed that AgNPs are spherical shape with at 15-20 nm in size. The X-ray diffraction pattern corresponding to planes (111), (200), (220), (311), and (222) demonstrated the crystalline nature of AgNPs. Fourier transform infrared spectrum showed that functional groups involved in reduction of silver ions to metal nanoparticles. For antibacterial application, AgNPs showed antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Bacillus subtilis. It also acted synergistically with various antibiotics to inhibit growth of pathogenic strains, which produced an effect greater than the sum of their individual effects. For neomycin with no resistance to C. albicans, it combined with AgNPs, which had significant synergistic effect against C. albicans, with maximum inhibitory zone at 20.9 mm, which was 2.5-fold greater than that of AgNPs alone (8.2 mm). Other antibiotics combined with AgNPs also existed similar synergistic effect. Therefore, AgNPssynthesized by E. cristatum could enhance antibacterial activity in combination with antibiotics against pathogenic strains through synergistic effects. It might provide a new strategy for treatment of resistant bacteria.
Bile Acid Transporters Are Expressed and Heterogeneously Distributed in Rat Bile Ducts
Zhu-lin Luo,Long Cheng,Tao Wang,Li-jun Tang,Fu-zhou Tian,Ke Xiang,Lin Cui 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2019 Gut and Liver Vol.13 No.5
Background/Aims: Cholangiocytes are capable of reabsorbing bile salts from bile, but the pathophysiological significance of this process is unclear. To this end, we detected the expression and distribution of bile acid transport proteins in cholangiocytes from normal rat liver and analyzed the possible pathophysiological significance. Methods: Bile duct tissues of Sprague-Dawley rats were isolated by enzymatic digestion and mechanical isolation, and then divided into large and small bile duct tissues. Immunohistochemistry, real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to determine the expression of the apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT), ileal bile acid binding protein (IBABP), and basolateral organic solute transporter α (Ostα) in the biliary tract system of rats. Differences in the expression and distribution of these proteins were analyzed. Results: In cholangiocytes, ASBT and IBABP were mainly expressed in cholangiocytes of the large bile ducts, in which the expression of both was significantly higher than that in the small ducts (p<0.05). Ostα was simultaneously expressed in cholangiocytes of both the large and small bile ducts, showing no significant difference in expression between the two groups of bile ducts (p>0.05). Conclusions: Bile acid transporters are expressed and heterogeneously distributed in rat bile ducts, indicating that bile acid reabsorption by cholangiocytes might mainly occur in the large bile ducts. These findings may help explore the physiology of bile ducts and the pathogenesis of various cholangiopathies.