http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Fu Hanguang,Song Xuding,Lei Yongping,Jiang Zhiqiang,Xing Jiandong,Yang Jun,Wang Jinhua 대한금속·재료학회 2009 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.15 No.3
The effects of quenching treatment on the microstructure, hardness, impact toughness, and wear resistance of low-carbon high-boron cast steel (LCHBS) containing 0.15-0.3 %C, 1.4-1.8 %B, 0.3-0.8 %Si, 0.8-1.2 %Mn, 0.5-0.8%Cr, 0.3-0.6%Ni, and 0.3-0.6%Mo have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and via an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, impact tester, hardness tester, and wear tester. The as-cast matrix of LCHBS consists of pearlite and ferrite. There is 8-10 vol.% Fe2(B, C) type borocarbides in the matrix. The micro-hardness of Fe2(B, C) is 1430-1480 Hv. Fe2(B,C) shows no obvious change and the matrix completely transforms into lath martensite upon quenching at 900 °C to 1100 °C. The microhardness of the matrix and the macrohardness of the LCHBS sample show a slight increase with an increase of homogenization temperature. When the homogenization temperature exceeds 1050 °C, no distinct change in the hardness is observed. The change of homogenization temperature has no apparent effect on the impact toughness of LCHBS. The mass losses of LCHBS increase distinctly when the wear load increases. The homogenization temperature is less than 1000 °C and the wear rate of LCHBS decreases with an increase of temperature. The wear rate does not display any obvious change after exceeding a homogenization temperature of 1000 °C. The effects of quenching treatment on the microstructure, hardness, impact toughness, and wear resistance of low-carbon high-boron cast steel (LCHBS) containing 0.15-0.3 %C, 1.4-1.8 %B, 0.3-0.8 %Si, 0.8-1.2 %Mn, 0.5-0.8%Cr, 0.3-0.6%Ni, and 0.3-0.6%Mo have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and via an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, impact tester, hardness tester, and wear tester. The as-cast matrix of LCHBS consists of pearlite and ferrite. There is 8-10 vol.% Fe2(B, C) type borocarbides in the matrix. The micro-hardness of Fe2(B, C) is 1430-1480 Hv. Fe2(B,C) shows no obvious change and the matrix completely transforms into lath martensite upon quenching at 900 °C to 1100 °C. The microhardness of the matrix and the macrohardness of the LCHBS sample show a slight increase with an increase of homogenization temperature. When the homogenization temperature exceeds 1050 °C, no distinct change in the hardness is observed. The change of homogenization temperature has no apparent effect on the impact toughness of LCHBS. The mass losses of LCHBS increase distinctly when the wear load increases. The homogenization temperature is less than 1000 °C and the wear rate of LCHBS decreases with an increase of temperature. The wear rate does not display any obvious change after exceeding a homogenization temperature of 1000 °C.
( Ho Jun Chin ),( Yan Yan Fu ),( Young Rim Song ),( En Sung Lee ),( Yun Mi Lee ),( Seong Gyun Kim ),( Ki Young Na ),( Suhng Gwon Kim ),( Dong Wan Chae ) 대한신장학회 2010 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.29 No.2
Purpose: To provide the insight into the role of LXR on the progression of diabetic nephropathy, we α measured the production of extracellular matrix in the cultured mesangial cells treated with the LXR agonist. Methods: With the mesangial cells extracted from C57BL6 mice, we cultured them in the presence of 25mM glucose with or without TO901317, an agonist of LXR. We transfected siRNAs of SREBP1 α and LXR into the mesangial cell to suppress the activity of the two genes. α Results: TO901317 increased expressions of LXR, SREBP-1, TGF-1, and collagen IV and triglyce α β-ride amount in mesangial cells cultured in 25mM glucose. These effects of TO901317 were attenuated by inhibiting transcription of LXR or SREBP-1 with transfection of siRNAs. In mesangial cells trans α-fected with siRNA of SREBP-1, changes by TO901317 were attenuated regardless of increased expression of LXR. That suggested the activation of SREBP-1, an downstream gene of LXR, would α α be more important to induce changes in mesangial cells by TO901317. Conclusion: The TO901317, an agonist of LXR, increases extracellular matrix, collagen IV, and TGF α-1 production in cultured mesangial cells. The SREBP-1 as well as dyslipidemia in mesangial cells β enhanced by LXR agonist would be the important mechanism to induce those changes.
Effect of Ginger Extract and Citric Acid on the Tenderness of Duck Breast Muscles
He, Fu-Yi,Kim, Hyun-Wook,Hwang, Ko-Eun,Song, Dong-Heon,Kim, Yong-Jae,Ham, Youn-Kyung,Kim, Si-Young,Yeo, In-Jun,Jung, Tae-Jun,Kim, Cheon-Jei Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2015 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.35 No.6
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of ginger extract (GE) combined with citric acid on the tenderness of duck breast muscles. Total six marinades were prepared with the combination of citric acid (0 and 0.3 M citric acid) and GE (0, 15, and 30%). Each marinade was sprayed on the surface of duck breasts (15 mL/100 g), and the samples were marinated for 72 h at 4℃. The pH and proteolytic activity of marinades were determined. After 72 h of marination, Warner Bratzler shear force (WBSF), myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI), pH, cooking loss, moisture content, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and protein solubility were evaluated. There was no significant (p>0.05) difference in moisture content or cooking loss among all samples. However, GE marination resulted in a significant (p<0.05) decrease in WBSF but a significant (p<0.05) increase in pH and MFI. In addition, total protein and myofibrillar protein solubility of GE-marinated duck breast muscles in both WOC (without citric acid) and WC (with citric acid) conditions were significantly (p<0.05) increased compared to non-GE-marinated duck breast muscles. SDS-PAGE showed an increase of protein degradation (MHC and actin) in WC condition compared to WOC condition. There was a marked actin reduction in GE-treated samples in WC. The tenderization effect of GE combined with citric acid may be attributed to various mechanisms such as increased MFI and myofibrillar protein solubility.
Research on Human-robot Shared Control of Throat Swab Sampling Robot Based on Intention Estimation
Ying-Long Chen,Fu-Jun Song,Peng-Yu Zhao,Yong-Jun Gong,Heng-Fei Yan 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2024 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.22 No.2
With the spread and persistence of COVID-19, pharyngeal swab sampling, is an important link in nucleic acid testing, which is characterized by a high workload and susceptibility to infection. Therefore, it is necessary for medical workers to use medical robots instead of manual site sampling for collaborative sampling. However, the traditional teleoperation has difficulty ensuring the closed-loop performance due to the delay of the actual process, along with the weak control performance; Moreover, a robot cannot accurately plan and track sampling paths due to sensor accuracy and the changes in patient pharyngeal posture. The paper proposes a human-robot shared control strategy based on intention estimation, introducing the human intention as a reference, and the operator and robot work together to solve various significant problems during sampling. The human-robot negotiation based on the method includes the human judgement and perception and the robot into the invasion task. Through, the shared control based on the operator intention estimation, the robot can operate the obstacle avoidance and approach the target contact point remotely. Finally, two kinds of experiments of invasion process of throat swab sampling are implemented: a static target invasive experiment and a dynamic target invasive experiment, aiming at two different sampling conditions. Compared with the robotic independent control sampling, the time consumption in the two experiments is reduced by 34.8% and 41.6%, respectively, and the ultimate target position is basically within the scope of sampling field (where the range of the posterior pharynx wall < 20 mm). Thus, the sampling rate can reach 100%. Compared with independent control sampling by humans, the time consumption of the two experiments is respectively reduced by 15.9% and 42.3% on average, and the target position accuracy and sampling rate are quite close. Experimental results show that the control strategy improves the speed, flexibility, and intelligence of task execution compared to common sampling methods, laying the foundation for low-cost human-robot collaborative sampling.