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Tuberculosis in Mexico and the USA, Comparison of Trends Over Time 1990–2010
Eduardo Hernández-Garduño,Fabiola Mendoza-Damián,Salvador Ayón-Garibaldo,Adriana Garduño-Alanís 대한결핵및호흡기학회 2015 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.78 No.3
Background: The aim was to compare tuberculosis trends in Mexico and United States and to evaluate Mexican diagnostic methods and contact investigation. Methods: Retrospective comparative study of tuberculosis cases and incidence rates between both countries (1990–2010). Diagnostic methods and contact investigations were also evaluated for Mexico. Estimates were obtained from official websites. Results: In Mexico, no clear trend was found over time for cases. Pulmonary (PTB) and all forms of tuberculosis (AFTB) incidence decreased 2.0% annually. There was a negative correlation between the mean contacts examined per case and AFTB incidence (r2=–0.44, p=0.01) with a 33% reduction in AFTB incidence. In United States, PTB and AFTB cases have been decreasing 6.0% and 5.6% annually, respectively. The incidence decreased 7.3% and 6.8%, respectively. Conclusion: The incidence of tuberculosis in Mexico is decreasing slightly over time at 2% annually. In the United States, cases and incidence rates have been decreasing at a higher rate (5% to 7% annually). The inverse association between number of contacts examined per state and incidence rates in Mexico underscore the importance of reinforcing and improving contact investigations with the likely translation of a decrease of TB incidence at a higher rate.
Rafael Eduardo Hernández-Guisao,Aranda-Barradas Juan Silvestre,Badillo-Corona Agustín,García-Peña Elvia Inés,Salgado-Manjarrez Edgar 한국생물공학회 2022 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.27 No.5
Stoichiometric analysis is a crucial step in biochemical processes because it allows us to find the proportions in which the substrates and products react. A system of algebraic equation is obtained from an elemental balance of the participating substances and determined, overdetermined or underdetermined systems can result depending on the number of substances and elements. Underdetermined systems are the most common ones as there are, generally, more substances than elemental balances. However, such systems have been poorly studied and a straightforward way to establish the solution space has not yet been reported. In this work a novel approach for finding all the possible solutions to such underdetermined systems is reported for the first time. The solutions space is expressed as a set of vectors which are here referred as extreme stoichiometries. To illustrate the general applicability and some uses of the proposed approach, three different fermentation systems are analyzed: growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a mixed culture for hydrogen production, and the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is shown how the full stoichiometric spaces can be calculated for heterotrophy, autotrophy, mixotrophy, growth of mixed cultures in mixed substrates and how the experimental results should be contained in such spaces, what permits a consistency analysis. With the proposed method, it is now possible to estimate the maximum yields for any given microbial growth reaction and to assess the congruence of experimental data, even when the system is underdetermined.
Norberto Chavarría-Hernández,Eduardo Ortega-Morales,Apolonio Vargas-Torres,Juan-Carlos Chavarría-Hernández,Adriana-Inés Rodríguez-Hernández 한국생물공학회 2010 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.15 No.4
This study is the first to describe the evolution of both hydrodynamic and oxygen transfer conditions during the submerged culture of the entomopathogenic nematode,Steinernema carpocapsae CABA01 (an indigenous strain isolated within the State of Hidalgo, Mexico), and its symbiotic bacterium, Xenorhabdus nematophila, using an internal-loop mechanically agitated bioreactor of 4.5 L of liquid volume. Concentrations up to 217,306 viable nematodes per mL, with 94% in infective juvenile (IJ) stage (i.e.,204,444 IJ/mL), were achieved in 16 days of bioprocess. The Reynolds number (Re) was used as an index of the actual hydrodynamic conditions, and it varied within the interval 5,150 < Re (dimensionless) < 9,440, involving apparent culture broth viscosity changes from 3 to 5.4 mPa s during the processing. The aeration efficiency was expressed on the basis of the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient, kLa, which varied within the range 0.026 to 0.170 s−1.
Antonio Olivas-Martinez,Eduardo Corona-Rodarte,Adrián Nuñez-Zuno,Olga Barrales-Benítez,Daniel Montante-Montes de Oca,Jesús Delgado-de la Mora,Diana León-Aguilar,Hilda Elizeth Hernández-Juárez,Elena Tu 대한혈액학회 2021 Blood Research Vol.56 No.3
Background Thrombotic events are well documented in primary erythrocytosis, but it is uncertain if secondary etiologies increase the risk of thrombosis. This study aimed to determine the causes of erythrocytosis and to identify its impact as a risk factor for thrombosis. Methods Data were obtained from patients with erythrocytosis between 2000 and 2017 at a referral hospital in Mexico City. Erythrocytosis was defined according to the 2016 WHO classification. Time to thrombosis, major bleeding, or death were compared among groups of patients defined by the etiology of erythrocytosis using a Cox regression model, adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors. Results In total, 330 patients with erythrocytosis were studied. The main etiologies of erythrocytosis were obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in 29%, polycythemia vera (PV) in 18%, and chronic lung disease (CLD) in 9.4% of the patients. The incidence rate of thrombosis was significantly higher in patients with PV and CLD than that in patients with OSA (incidence rates of 4.51 and 6.24 vs. 1.46 cases per 100 person-years, P=0.009), as well as the mortality rate (mortality rates of 2.72 and 2.43 vs. 0.17 cases per 100 person-years, P=0.003). Conclusion The risk of thrombosis in CLD with erythrocytosis was comparable to that in patients with PV. Further larger-scale studies are needed to confirm these findings and evaluate the benefits of preventive management of COPD with erythrocytosis similar to PV
Spatial price transmission analysis of patato market in ecuador
이윤숙 ( Yoonsuk Lee ),( Hernández Cruz Themis Eduardo ) 한국식품유통학회 2022 한국식품유통학회 학술대회 Vol.- No.하계
This study is to analyze asymmetric spatial price transmission of Potato in Ecuador, using nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag(NARDL) model. For spatial market data, the monthly price data was collected from the System of Agriculture Public Information in Ecuador. The data of 4 regional markets are collected from January 2013 to June 2019. Based on the highest production areas, Latacunga, Quito, Riobamba and San Gabriel are selected for an analysis. For cointegration test, we made a pair of two regions such as Quito and Latacunga, Riobamba and Latacunga, San Gabriel and Latacunga, Riobamba and Quito, San Gabriel and Quito, Riobamba and San Gabriel. The null hypothesis of no co-integration is rejected at 1% and 5% significance level, respectively. Therefore, there exist long-run relationships between regional markets under the asymmetry assumption. Long-run and short-run effects of regional markets are different.
Effect of biofertilizers and rhizospheric bacteria on growth and root ultrastucture of lettuce
Montesdeoca-Flores David,Alfayate-Casañas Carmen,Hernández-Bolaños Eduardo,Hernández-González Mercedes,Estupiñan-Afonso Zuleima,Abreu-Acosta Néstor 한국원예학회 2024 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.65 No.1
Biofertilization is a technique that uses plant and animal wastes to add organic matter and nutrients to the soil. It can also use microorganisms that can metabolize these by-products to facilitate their absorption by the plant roots. In this study, we tested the eff ects of rhizospheric bacteria inoculation (T 1 ), a combination of rhizospheric bacteria with liquid fertilizer (T 2 ) and uncombined liquid fertilizer (T 3 ), on the growth, nutritional content, root tissue, and root cells of lettuce plants. The results showed signifi cant positive diff erences in all treatments compared to control plants, in terms of morphologi cal, nutritional, and productivity parameters. The combination of rhizospheric bacteria with liquid SEFEL fertilizer (T 2 ) yielded the best results, showing increased fresh and dry weight, and diameter. There were no diff erences between treat ments for nutritional content, but each treatment outperformed the control by more than 700% for all macronutrients. The best result was phosphorus content for T 1 , with 1272.22% more than control. Regarding root structure and ultrastructure, there was no variation in tissue organization compared to control plants, but increases in root hairs (T 1 ), development of transfer cells (T 2 ), and secondary growth (T 3 ) were observed. Additionally, colonization of roots by rhizospheric bacteria was confi rmed in all three treatments. In conclusion, this study suggests that inoculating with rhizospheric bacteria is a viable and environmentally friendly biofertilization for lettuce plants.
Fracture toughness enhancement for metal-reinforced alumina
Enrique Rocha-Rangel,Elizabeth Refugio-García,José G. Miranda-Hernández,Eduardo Terrés-Rojas 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2009 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.10 No.6
With the idea to determine ways of tailoring alumina (Al2O3) in order that one or more toughening mechanisms are activated in service, investigations about the production of Al2O3-based composites with different reinforcement metals and intermetallics have been carried out. The synthesis of composites materials has been made by means of both; liquid and solid pressureless sintering of an intensive mechanical mixture of powders. With the use of some metals in the chemical formulations, significant improvements in ceramic toughness have been reported. From the fracture toughness measurements and microstructural observations, it can be concluded that the toughening mechanism in Al2O3/metal reinforced composites is due to crack bridging and crack deflection. With the idea to determine ways of tailoring alumina (Al2O3) in order that one or more toughening mechanisms are activated in service, investigations about the production of Al2O3-based composites with different reinforcement metals and intermetallics have been carried out. The synthesis of composites materials has been made by means of both; liquid and solid pressureless sintering of an intensive mechanical mixture of powders. With the use of some metals in the chemical formulations, significant improvements in ceramic toughness have been reported. From the fracture toughness measurements and microstructural observations, it can be concluded that the toughening mechanism in Al2O3/metal reinforced composites is due to crack bridging and crack deflection.
Ruth M. Castro,Lisela Moreira,María R. Rojas,Eduardo Hernández,Floribeth Mora,Pilar Ramírez,Robert L. Gilbertson 한국식물병리학회 2013 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.29 No.3
Leaf samples of Solanum lycopersicum, Capsicum annuum,Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita pepo, Sechium edule and Erythrina spp. were collected. All samples were positive for begomoviruses using polymerase chain reaction and degenerate primers. A sequence of ~1,100 bp was obtained from the genomic component DNA-A of 14 samples. In addition, one sequence of ~580 bp corresponding to the coat protein (AV1) was obtained from a chayote (S. edule) leaf sample. The presence of Squash yellow mild mottle virus (SYMMoV) and Pepper golden mosaic virus (PepGMV) were confirmed. The host range reported for SYMMoV includes species of the Cucurbitaceae,Caricaceae and Fabaceae families. This report extends the host range of SYMMoV to include the Solanaceae family, and extends the host range of PepGMV to include C. moschata, C. pepo and the Fabaceae Erythrina spp. This is the first report of a begomovirus (PepGMV)infecting chayote in the Western Hemisphere.
Homozygous LPL p.Gly188Glu Mutation in a Mexican Girl With Lipoprotein Lipase Deficiency
Ana Gabriela Colima Fausto,Juan Ramón González García,Teresita De Jesús Hernández Flores,Norma Alejandra Vázquez Cárdenas,Nery Eduardo Solís Perales,María Teresa Magaña Torres 대한진단검사의학회 2017 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.37 No.4
Dear Editor, Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency is a rare disease characterized by severe hypertriglyceridemia due to mutations in the LPL gene. It shows an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern and has a general prevalence of 1:1,000,000 [1]. Patients typically present abdominal pain, hemorrhage, failure to thrive, jaundice, eruptive xanthomas, lipemia retinalis, neurological complications, hepatosplenomegaly, and life-threatening pancreatitis [2]. The LPL gene is located on chromosomal band 8p22, contains 10 exons, and codes for a 475-amino acid protein that is active only in its dimeric form. The LPL protein has two functions in lipid metabolism: it hydrolyzes triglycerides and functions as a ligand [3]. The aim of this work is to describe the biochemical, clinical, and molecular features of a Mexican girl with LPL deficiency.