산업보건 및 환경분야에 대한 활동기준원가계산 및 관리의 응용

백남원,박두용,마이클티브랜트,스티븐피르빈 한국산업위생학회 1996 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.6 No.1

During the 1990s the workplace has grown more complex and business competition has increased world-wide. All organizations, whether for-profit or non-profit have been forced to respond to market changes. More advanced information and technology, greater product diversity, shorter product life cycles, increased quality requirements, more regulation oversight, decreasing productivity, more competitors, and increasing overhead costs have motivated organizations to focus on ways to deliver products cheaper, better, and faster. Many organizations are searching for ways to reduce costs through downsizing, reengineering business processes, implementing quality management, outsourcing, and improving cost management. Support departments that provide services internal to an organization such as human resources, legal, and environmental, safety, and health (ES&H) are often the first organization targeted for cost reduction and cost control initiatives because these functions are part of a rapidly increasing overhead cost. Recently, ES&H functions are increasingly being integrated into the business of business to contribute value to organization beyond mere compliance with ES&H regulations. The discussions and development of the ISO compatible Environmental Management Standards or Occupational Safety and Health Management Standards is another impetus to integrate ES&H function into the business of business. Thus, ES&H professional need new skills to analyze the cost of their function and communicate the value of the products and services they provide. In recent years, the need for and the importance developing cost management and business skills by ES&H professionals have been emphasized in the literature. Communicating with decision makers in terms of cost and value to the organization, and by using business language and business arguments is the first step toward effectively integrating ES&H activities into the business of business. Activity-based casting (ABC) is a cost management method that measures the cost of a product or service loosed on the actual use of resources by activities, and based on the actual amount of activities used to produce a product or service. ABC is recommended as a tool for managers of ES&H organizations to determine the cost of developing and providing ES&H products within a for-profit firm or non-profit agency. This paper discusses the trend of integration of ES&H functions into the mainstream of business activities within an organization. The general principles of traditional cost accounting are presented as a bases for understanding why and how ABC will provide more accurate estimates of cast. The principles and concepts of ABS are presented as a tool for determining mire accurately the true cost of ES&H products and services.

The Arabidopsis Transcription Factor NAC016 Promotes Drought Stress Responses by Repressing <i>AREB1</i> Transcription through a Trifurcate Feed-Forward Regulatory Loop Involving NAP

Sakuraba, Yasuhito,Kim, Ye-Sol,Han, Su-Hyun,Lee, Byoung-Doo,Paek, Nam-Chon American Society of Plant Biologists 2015 The Plant cell Vol.27 No.6

<P>The Arabidopsis transcription factor NAC016 activates drought stress responses by inducing <I>NAP</I> transcription and repressing <I>AREB1</I> transcription by binding to different regions of the <I>AREB1</I> promoter.</P><P>Drought and other abiotic stresses negatively affect plant growth and development and thus reduce productivity. The plant-specific NAM/ATAF1/2/CUC2 (NAC) transcription factors have important roles in abiotic stress-responsive signaling. Here, we show that <I>Arabidopsis thaliana</I> NAC016 is involved in drought stress responses; <I>nac016</I> mutants have high drought tolerance, and <I>NAC016</I>-overexpressing (<I>NAC016</I>-OX) plants have low drought tolerance. Using genome-wide gene expression microarray analysis and MEME motif searches, we identified the NAC016-specific binding motif (NAC16BM), GATTGGAT[AT]CA, in the promoters of genes downregulated in <I>nac016-1</I> mutants. The NAC16BM sequence does not contain the core NAC binding motif CACG (or its reverse complement CGTG). NAC016 directly binds to the NAC16BM in the promoter of <I>ABSCISIC ACID-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN1</I> (<I>AREB1</I>), which encodes a central transcription factor in the stress-responsive abscisic acid signaling pathway and represses <I>AREB1</I> transcription. We found that knockout mutants of the NAC016 target gene <I>NAC-LIKE, ACTIVATED BY AP3/PI</I> (<I>NAP</I>) also exhibited strong drought tolerance; moreover, NAP binds to the <I>AREB1</I> promoter and suppresses <I>AREB1</I> transcription. Taking these results together, we propose that a trifurcate feed-forward pathway involving <I>NAC016</I>, <I>NAP</I>, and <I>AREB1</I> functions in the drought stress response, in addition to affecting leaf senescence in Arabidopsis.</P>

A Genetic Marker for the Korean Native Cattle ( Hanwoo ) Found by an arbitrarily Primed - Polymerase Chain Reaction ( AP - PCR )

Nam, Doo Hyun,Lee, Chang Hee,Lee, Ji Seon,Jung, Young Ja,Yeo, Jung Sou 생화학분자생물학회 2001 BMB Reports Vol.33 No.3

In order to develop a specific genetic marker for the Korean native cattle (Hanwoo), an arbitrarily-primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) analysis of 6 different cattle breeds was attempted. Eight different arbitrary primers, each longer than 20-mer nucleotides, were used. In comparison to the AP-PCR patterns, several distinctive DNA bands that are specific for a certain breed were detected. When the primer Kpn-X was employ, a 28(ibp DNA fragment was found to be specific only for Hanwoo. In an individual analysis of Hanwoo, this AP-PCR marker was observed in 123 head of cattle among the 153 that were tested (80.4 % ). Nucleotide sequencing revealed that this fragment has a short micr~atellite sequence of tandem repeat, A(G)_(1-3) (C)_(1-2)AGAG. According to the analysis of AP-PCR band patterns, Hanwoo was discovered to be genetically most closely-related with Holstein among the various cattle breeds.

Molecular Discrimination of Cervidae Antlers and Rangifer Antlers

NAM, DOO HYUN,Kim, Eun Jin,Huh, Keun,Kang, Shin Jung,Jung, Young Ja,Chang, Seung Yup 생화학분자생물학회 2002 BMB Reports Vol.34 No.2

Cervi Parvum Corms is widely used as a hemopoietic, tonifying, growth-promoting, cardiotonic, and immunomodulating agent in Korea. In order to develop the quality control method of Cervi Parvum Cornu by the identification of the biological source or origin, the molecular approach was applied using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and PCR-RFLF (PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism) analysis. In the PCR analysis of the mitochondrial 125 rRNA gene and cytochrome b gene regions, no distinctive DNA bands from Cervidae (deer) antlers and Rangifer (reindeer) antlers were observed. However, when the amplified products in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene region were subjected to restriction digestion with TaqI, Cervidae antlers showed an undigested state of 380 by band, differently from two bands of 230 by and 1S0 by from Rangifer antlers. Based on this finding, the base sequences of amplified PCR products in the range of mitochondria) cytochrome b gene from Cervidae antlers and Rangifer antlers were determined and subjected to restriction analysis by various endonucleases. The results showed that antlers from Rangifer species could be simply discriminated with other antlers from 8 Cervidae species (Chinese deer, Russian deer, Hong Kong deer, New Zealand deer, Kazakhstan deer, elk, red deer and Sika deer) by PCR-RFLP analysis using AtuI, HaeIII, HpaII or Sau3AI(MboI) as well as TaqI in the range of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene.

A Genetic Marker for the Korean Native Cattle(Hanwoo)Found by an Arbitrarily Primed-Polymerase Chain Reaction(AP-PCR)

Nam,Doo Hyun,Lee,Chang Hee,Yeo,Jung Sou,Jung,Young-Ja,Lee,Ji Seon The Korea Science and Technology Center 2000 BMB Reports Vol.33 No.3

In order to develop a specific genetic marker for the Korean native cattle (Hanwoo), an arbitrarily-primed polymerase chan reaction (AP-PCR) analysis of 6 different cattel breeds was attempted. Eight different arbitrary primers, each longer than 20-mer nucleotides, were used. In comparison to the AP-PCR patterns, several distinctive DNA bands that are specific for a certain breed were detected. When the primer Kpn-X was employed, a 280bp DNA fragment was found to be specific only for Hanwoo. In an individual analysis of Hanwoo, this AP-PCR marker was observed in 123 head of cattle among the 153 that were tested (80.4%). Nucleotide sequencing revealed that this fragment has a short microsatellite sequence of tandem repeat, A(G)1-2(C)1-3AGAG. According to the analysis of AP-PCR band patterns, Hanwoo was discovered to be genetically most closely- related with Holstein among the various cattle breeds.

The 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-Phosphate Synthase of Glyphosate-tolerant Soybean Expressed in Escherichia coli Shows No Severe Allergenicity

Doo Hyun Nam,Hyun Sung Chang,Nam Hee Kim,Myong Jin Park,Si Kyu Lim,Sung Chull Kim,Ji Young Kim,Jung Ae Kim,Hye Young Oh,Chu Hee Lee,Keun Huh,Tae Cheon Jeong 한국분자세포생물학회 2003 Molecules and cells Vol.15 No.1

Membrane Transporter Genes in Cephabacin Biosynthetic Gene Cluster of Lysobacter lactamgenus

Nam, Doo Hyun,Lim, Si Kyu,Chung, Min Ho,Lee, Eung Seok,Sohn, Young Sun,Dewey D.Y.Ryu 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2001 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.11 No.1

In order to clone the peptide synthetase gene from Lysobacter lactamgenus IFO 14,288, the gene fragments were amplified using primers for the adenylation domain and the thionylation domain of the peptide synthetase genes in other organisms by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The resulting 0.5-kb fragment was cloned in a pGEM-T vector, and the nucleotide sequences were determined. Six different PCR products were obtained; three were identified to be a part of L-α-aminoadipyl-L-cysteinyl-D-valine (ACV) synthetase and three to be other peptide synthetases. Using each of the two different classes of PCR products as mixed probes, a cosmid library of L lactamgenus chromosomal DNA constructed in a pHC79 vector was screened by an in situ hybridization procedure, and one positive clone was selected which was bound by peptide synthetase gene fragments as well as ACV synthetase gene fragments. The partial sequence analysis from the obtained pPTS-5 cosmid showed the presence of more than two open reading frames. These were for two putative membrane transporters, which were homologous with several integral membrane proteins including the ABC transporter ATP-binding protein of E. coli (YbjZ) and the metal ion uptake protein of Bacillus subtilis (YvrN). A 45% homology was also found between the two transporter proteins at the carboxy terminus. Through a hydropathy analysis and transmembrane analysis, 4-5 transmembrane domains were found in these two proteins. When the genes were expressed in Escherichia coli, the gene products inhibited the host cell growth, probably due to the disturbance of the membrane transport system.

Design and Cloning of the Gene for a Novel Insulin Analogue, $(B^{30}$-Homoserine) Human Insulin

Nam, Doo-H.,Ko, Jeong-Heon,Lee, Seung-Yup The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1993 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.16 No.4

In order to prepare a novel human insulin analogue suhbstituted with homoserine at B$^{30}$ / position, (B$^{30}$ /-homoserine) human insulin, a synthetic gene was designed by linking directly a gene for B chain with that for A chain. This gene was constructed by enzymatic joining of 10 different synthetic oligonucleotides, and then inserted at the polylinker region of pUC19 plasmid. To achieve a high level of gene expression, the gene fusion technique region of pUC19 plasmid. To achieve a high level of gene expression, the gene fusion technique was employed using amino terminal regions of lacZ gene up to Clal or hpal, and either of them has been located under tac promoter. The chemical induction of these fused genes by isopropyl-.betha.-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) gave a satisfactory level of expression in Escherichia coli harboring the ocnstructed plasmids. It was observed that the fused gene product as a single chain insulin precusor was produced more than 30% of total cell protein of E. coli as a form of inclusion body.

pH-Controlled Synthesis of Cephalexin by a Purified Acetobacter turbidans Ampicillin Acylase

NAM, DOO HYUN,RYU, YEON WOO,DEWEY D. Y. RYU 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2001 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.11 No.2

It has been known that, in enzymatic synthesis of cephalexin, the conversion yield was reduced by high loading of ampicillin acylase. In order to elucidate this phenomena, pH-controlled synthesis of cephalexin was examined using a purified Acetobacter turbidans acylase. When the pH of the reaction mixture was maintained at 6.20±0.04, the reduction of the maximal conversion rate was not observed even with high enzyme loading. The kinetic parameters also suggest that pH drop during the enzymatic synthesis of cephalexin was mainly attributed to the rapid hydrolysis of D-α-phenylglycine methyl ester to D-α-phenylglycine, rather than the disappearance of 7-amino-3-deacetoxycephalosporanic acid for cephalexin synthesis. At higher molar ratio of two substrates, [D-α-phenylglycine methyl esterl/[7-amino-3-deacetoxycephalosporanic acid], the conversion rate was also elevated under pH-controlled enzymatic synthesis, which implies that the main reason for the pH drop is due to the production of D-α-phenylglycine. In order to reduce the hydrolysis of D-α-phenylglycine methyl ester, the effect of a water-methanol cosolvent system on the conversion profile was also examined. Even though the conversion rate was increased in 10% methanol solution, a higher than 16% methanol in the reaction mixture caused an inactivation of enzyme.

Discovery of Novel 11β-HSD1 Inhibitors by Pharmacophore-Based Virtual Screening

Nam-Doo Kim,Younho Lee,한창균,Soon-Kil Ahn 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.7

The 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) enzyme is involved in modulation of glucocorticoid activity within target tissues. This enzyme may contribute to obesity and/or metabolic disease through its action in adipose or liver tissue. Inhibition of 11β-HSD1 has major therapeutic potential for glucocorticoidassociated diseases, including obesity, diabetes (wound healing), and muscle atrophy. To develop such therapeutics, we performed a pharmacophore-based virtual screening (VS) for identification of novel 11β-HSD1 inhibitors and found that the VS hit compounds show potent inhibition of 11β-HSD1 enzyme activity. Further, we present a binding model for active compounds. The proposed pharmacophore may serve as a useful guideline for future design of new chemical entities as 11β-HSD1-targeted antidiabetic agents.