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The Effects of Teaching Lexical Bundles on Improving Reading ability of High School Students
Lee,Dongju,Bae,Yonghwa 한국외국어교육학회 2018 한국외국어교육학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2018 No.-
The aims of the present study are to examine the effectiveness of lexical bundle learning and teaching on reading comprehension, and to investigate how to teach them in an effective way when high school students read textbooks. In addition, this study investigates the perceptions of high school students on confidence, interest, self-directed study in reading classes. Twenty-five 10 grade high school students in K High School located in Gangjin participated in the study. They were instructed lexical bundles in a given English textbook during the reading classes for six weeks. The learners were encouraged to look upon lexis as lexical bundles rather than discrete single words and to figure out their meanings and use in contexts. A list of lexical bundles from the English textbook for the 10 grade high school students was selected through the N-gram, which is one of concordance programs for the statistical analysis of lexical bundles. In an attempt to examine the changes in the students’ cognitive and affective domains, three tests (pre-test, middle test, and post-test) and two questionnaires (pre-and post-questionnaire) were administered. The major findings and pedagogical implications are as follows: First, the results of the questionnaires showed that the students’ recognition of lexical bundles was raised, and they noticed a series of consecutive word units, which frequently appeared in the texts, as a lexical bundle. Also, they realized how lexical bundles were combined and understood the structures of phrases and sentences, as chunks not as isolated individual words. Second, when it comes to the learners’ cognitive domain, the lexical bundle-centered reading classes had a meaningful effect on their reading comprehension in the middle and post achievement tests. The tests also indicated that both lower and higher proficiency levels of the students were significantly influenced. It is conjectured that they figured out the main idea and overall context in the reading texts better by comprehending the lexis as meaningful lexical bundles rather than focusing on the single words. Last, as for the affective domain, it showed a meaningful effect on the learners’interest, confidence, self-directed learning attitude towards English learning. Also, they showed positive responses in the open-ended questions and indepth interviews, hoping more lexical bundle learning in the future. In conclusion, these results suggest that the lexical bundle learning has valuable effects on enhancing reading comprehension, and it is also useful for learners’language competence and integrative language learning. Namely, it is essential that lexical bundle-centered learning for reading should be widely introduced to encourage leaners to recognize isolated words as a lexical bundle and internalize them as authentic expressions.
The Clinicopathological Characteristics of Palpable and Non-palpable Breast Cancer
Dongju Kim,Soo Jung Lee,Byung Kyun Ko,Han-Byoel Lee,Jung Han Yoon,Seok Won Lee,전예원,Bong Kyun Kim,Jina Lee,선우영 한국유방암학회 2020 Journal of Breast Disease Vol.8 No.2
Purpose: Palpability is known to be a poor prognostic factor for breast cancer. The present study analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of palpable and nonpalpable breast cancers using big data. Methods: Between January 2005 and May 2019, a total of 15,141 patients were enrolled. All patients were diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinomas. Patients with unclear medical records, multiple tumors, bilateral breast cancers, inflammatory breast cancers, inoperable breast cancers and distant metastasis were excluded. Patients were divided into the palpable and nonpalpable breast cancer groups based on physicians’ clinical examinations. The clinicopathological characteristics and disease-specific survivals (DSS) were analyzed. Results: Patients with palpable breast cancers were younger, had larger tumors, and higher tumor-node-metastasis stage (p<0.001) than patients with nonpalpable breast cancers. Palpable breast cancer cases had higher rates of lympho-vascular invasion, higher histologic and nuclear grades than nonpalpable breast cancer cases (p<0.001). The positive proportion of hormone receptor was higher in the nonpalpable breast cancer group than in the palpable breast cancer group, but that of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 was higher in the palpable breast cancer group than in the nonpalpable breast cancer group (p<0.001). The Ki-67 index was higher in the palpable breast cancer group than in the nonpalpable breast cancer group (p<0.001). Total mastectomy and axillary dissection were performed more frequently in the palpable breast cancer group than in the nonpalpable breast cancer group (p<0.001). Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered more frequently in the palpable breast cancer group than in the nonpalpable breast cancer group. However, radiotherapy and hormonal therapy were performed more frequently in nonpalpable breast cancer group than in the nonpalpable breast cancer group (p<0.001). According to a multivariate analysis, younger age, lower body mass index, larger tumor size, tumor location, higher stage, higher histologic grade and higher Ki-67 index were associated with palpability (p<0.001). DSS was significantly lower in the palpable breast cancer group than in the nonpalpable breast cancer group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Palpable breast cancers tend to be triple negative breast cancers and have higher histologic grade and, Ki-67 index and worse prognosis than nonpalpable breast cancers. Therefore, based on the results of the present study, treating palpable breast cancers requires careful attention.
Aging-resistant nanofluids containing covalent functionalized boron nitride nanosheets
Lee, Dongju,Park, Jin-Ju,Lee, Min-Ku,Lee, Gyoung-Ja IOP Pub 2017 Nanotechnology Vol.28 No.40
<P>Developing a thermally stable nanofluid that can maintain good thermo-conductive and flow performance at moderate or elevated temperatures for prolonged periods of time is a great challenge in heat transfer applications. Here, the thermal conductivity and rheological properties as well as their thermal stability characteristics of a nanofluid containing two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (h-BNNSs) in ethylene glycol (EG) are presented, in comparison with those for a graphene oxide (GO) nanofluid as a counterpart. In place of a surfactant, hydroxyl functional groups covalently bound to the BNNS surface provided excellent compatibility and stable dispersion of the particles within EG at temperatures up to 90 °C. Owing to the percolation effect of the 2D sheets, the thermal conductivity of the EG base fluid was significantly enhanced by 80% at 5 vol% of BNNS, superior to that of the GO fluid. Moreover, the BNNS fluids exhibited excellent long-term stability at 90 °C for 5 d without loss of their high thermal conductivity, low viscosity and electrical insulating property, whereas the GO fluids underwent thermal degradation with irreversible particle aggregation and increasing viscosity due to the selective chemical reduction of the surface functional groups (i.e., C–O groups) of the GO.</P>
Eui-Seon Lee,Tae-Young Kim,Yam Prasad Aryal,Kihyun Kim,Seongsoo Byun,Dongju Song,Yejin Shin,Dany Lee,Jooheon Lee,Gilyoung Jung,Seunghoon Chi,Yoolim Choi,Youngkyun Lee,Chang-Hyeon An,Jae-Young Kim 대한구강생물학회 2021 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.46 No.2
This study summarizes the recent cutting-edge approaches for dentin regeneration that still do not offer adequate solutions. Tertiary dentin is formed when odontoblasts are directly affected by various stimuli. Recent preclinical studies have reported that stimulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway could facilitate the formation of reparative dentin and thereby aid in the structural and functional development of the tertiary dentin. A range of signaling pathways, including the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, is activated when dental tissues are damaged and the pulp is exposed. The application of small molecules for dentin regeneration has been suggested as a drug repositioning approach. This study reviews the role of Wnt signaling in tooth formation, particularly dentin formation and dentin regeneration. In addition, the application of the drug repositioning strategy to facilitate the development of new drugs for dentin regeneration has been discussed in this study.