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David A. Collins,Emily L. Carter,Timothy G. Lach,Thak Sang Byun 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.2
Loss of fracture resistance due to thermal aging degradation is a potential limiting factor affecting thelong-term (80þ year) viability of nuclear reactors. To evaluate the effects of decades of aging in apractical time frame, accelerated aging must be employed prior to mechanical characterization. In thisstudy, a variety of chemically and microstructurally diverse austenitic stainless steels were aged between0 and 30,000 h at 290e400 C to simulate 0e80þ years of operation. Over 600 static fracture tests werecarried out between room temperature and 400 C. The results presented include selected J-R curves ofeach material as well as K0.2mm fracture toughness values mapped against aging condition and ferritecontent in order to display any trends related to those variables. Results regarding differences in processing, optimal ferrite content under light aging, and the relationship between test temperature and Mocontent were observed. Overall, it was found that both the ferrite volume fraction and molybdenumcontent had significant effects on thermal degradation susceptibility. It was determined that materialswith >25 vol% ferrite are unlikely to be viable for 80 years, particularly if they have high Mo contents(>2 wt%), while materials less than 15 vol% ferrite are viable regardless of Mo content.
A population-based study of breast implant illness
Magno-Padron, David A.,Luo, Jessica,Jessop, Terry C.,Garlick, Jared W.,Manum, Joanna S.,Carter, Gentry C.,Agarwal, Jayant P.,Kwok, Alvin C. Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2021 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.48 No.4
Background Despite evidence supporting the safety of breast implants, some women associate their implants with adverse health effects and have called this syndrome "breast implant illness." We sought to characterize breast implant illness symptoms and to report how implant removal affects their symptoms. Methods An anonymous 20 question survey was administered to the Facebook group: "UTAH Breast Implant Illness" to characterize the symptoms these women attributed to their breast implants. Several questions allowed us to evaluate how implant removal affected women's symptoms. Results Of the 182 respondents, 97% report that implants negatively affect their health and 95% identify these symptoms with breast implant illness. Ninety-six percent of respondents had implants placed for cosmetic reasons and 51% had silicone implants. The most common symptoms associated with breast implant illness are brain fog (95%), fatigue (92%), joint pain (80%), and hair loss (74%). Sixty percent of respondents learned about breast implant illness from family/friends and/or social media platforms (56%), 40% of respondents had their implants removed, and 97% report relief of their symptoms post-removal (23% complete, 74% partial). Following explantation, there was a significant improvement in all but one reported symptom. An association was found between the number of symptoms reported prior to explantation and the number of symptoms resolving following explantation. Conclusions Breast implant illness is a syndrome characterized by fatigue, decreased focus, hair loss, and joint pain after the placement of breast implants. Nearly all patients report improvement of symptoms after implant removal. Significant efforts should be made to better understand breast implant illness and its etiology.
ShadowCam Instrument and Investigation Overview
Mark Southwick Robinson,Scott Michael Brylow,Michael Alan Caplinger,Lynn Marie Carter,Matthew John Clark,Brett Wilcox Denevi,Nicholas Michael Estes,David Carl Humm,Prasun Mahanti,Douglas Arden Peckham 한국우주과학회 2023 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.40 No.4
ShadowCam is a National Aeronautics and Space Administration Advanced Exploration Systems funded instrument hosted onboard the Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI) Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO) satellite. By collecting high-resolution images of permanently shadowed regions (PSRs), ShadowCam will provide critical information about the distribution and accessibility of water ice and other volatiles at spatial scales (1.7 m/pixel) required to mitigate risks and maximize the results of future exploration activities. The PSRs never see direct sunlight and are illuminated only by light reflected from nearby topographic highs. Since secondary illumination is very dim, ShadowCam was designed to be over 200 times more sensitive than previous imagers like the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera Narrow Angle Camera (LROC NAC). ShadowCam images thus allow for unprecedented views into the shadows, but saturate while imaging sunlit terrain.
Yoon, Sung-Hwan,Cha, Nam-Goo,Lee, Jun S.,Park, Jin-Goo,Carter, David J.,Mead, Joey L.,Barry, Carol M.F. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 Polymer engineering and science Vol.50 No.2
<P>Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and silicon tooling with microscale features on its surface was employed to investigate the impact of three factors on the quality of injection molded microscale features: (1) optimized process parameters, (2) use of a more flexible thermoplastic material, and (3) used as an antistiction coating. The molded parts and tooling surface were characterized by atomic force, confocal, and scanning electron microscopy. Although both improved filling of the tooling trenches, higher mold temperatures significantly enhanced replication, but faster injection velocities contributed moderately to replication quality. With medium aspect ratio (2.3:1) trenches, the antistiction coating doubled depth ratios, enhanced the edge definition and flatness of the features, and significantly reduced tearing of the features during ejection. The flexibility of the TPU permitted easier part ejection and left less polymer residue on the tooling surface in comparison to polycarbonate and other thermoplastic polymers. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers</P>
Consumption of Dried Apple Peel Powder Increases Joint Function and Range of Motion
Gitte S. Jensen,Victoria L. Attridge,Kathleen F. Benson,Joni L. Beaman,Steve G. Carter,David Ager 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.11
The goal for this study was to evaluate the effects of consumption of dried apple peel powder (DAPP) on joint function and range of motion (ROM). Additional in vitro and clinical testing was performed to suggest specific mechanisms of action. An open-label clinical pilot study involved 12 healthy people with moderate loss of joint ROM and associated chronic pain. The subjects consumed 4.25 g DAPP daily for 12 weeks, with evaluations at baseline, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. ROM was evaluated at each visit using dual digital inclinometry. Pain scores were collected using Visual Analogue Scales. Blood draws enabled testing of serum antioxidant protective capacity using the cellular antioxidant protection (CAP-e) bioassay. Additional in vitro testing involved testing of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and lipoxygenase inhibition, cellular antioxidant protection by the CAP-e bioassay, and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells by flow cytometry. Twelve weeks of consumption of DAPP was associated with improved ROM. DAPP provided antioxidants that were available to enter into and protect cells from oxidative damage in vitro, and consumption of DAPP for 12 weeks was associated with a statistically significant improvement in serum antioxidant protective status. DAPP inhibited both COX-2 and lipoxygenase enzymes, and pretreatment of inflammatory PMN cells with DAPP before inflammatory stimulus resulted in reduced ROS formation. This suggests multifaceted anti-inflammatory properties of DAPP. Consumption of DAPP was associated with improved joint function and improved serum antioxidant protection status. The observed pain reduction may be associated with the improved antioxidant status and linked to the apple polyphenols’ anti-inflammatory effects.