Apoptosis and Mammary Gland

Cho, K. K 韓國酪農學會 1998 韓國酪農學會誌 Vol.20 No.4

Evaluation of mango saponin in broilers: effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and plasma biochemical indices

Y.N. Zhang,J. Wang,B. Qi,S.G. Wu,H.R. Chen,H.Y. Luo,D.J. Yin,F.J. Lu,H.J. Zhang,G.H. Qi 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.8

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine whether mango saponin (MS) could be used as a feed additive in broiler chicks by evaluating growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and plasma biochemical indices. Methods: A total of 216 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broiler chicks were randomly assigned into three dietary treatments supplemented with 0 (control), 0.14% (MS 0.14%), or 0.28% (MS 0.28%) MS. Each treatment had six replicates (cages) with 12 chicks each. The feeding trial lasted for six weeks. Results: Compared with the control, dietary supplemented with 0.14% or 0.28% MS increased average daily weight gain of chicks in the grower (22 to 42 d) and the whole (1 to 42 d) phases, and the final body weight of chicks on d 42 was higher in MS supplemented groups (p<0.05). Lower L45 min* (lightness) and L24 h* values, lower b24 h* (yellowness) value, and higher a45 min* (redness) and a24 h* values of the breast muscle were observed in chicks fed with 0.28% MS on d 42 (p<0.05). The total antioxidant capacity in plasma increased in MS 0.14% group on d 21 (p<0.001). Lower contents of plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride were observed in chicks fed with 0.28% MS on d 21 and d 42, whereas the group supplemented with 0.14% MS only decreased plasma triglyceride content on d 21 (p<0.05). The glucose content in plasma decreased in MS 0.28% group on d 42 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Overall, MS could be used as a feed additive in broiler chicks, and the supplemental level of 0.28% MS in diet could improve growth performance, meat quality, and plasma lipid metabolism in broiler chicks.

Expression Profiles of Cellular Retinol-binding Protein, Type II (CRBP II) in Erlang Mountainous Chickens

Yin, H.D.,Tian, K.,Li, D.Y.,Gilbert, E.R.,Xiao, L.H.,Chen, S.Y.,Wang, Y.,Liu, Y.P.,Zhao, X.L.,Zhu, Q. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.3

Cellular retinol-binding protein II (CRBP II) belongs to the family of cellular retinol-binding proteins and plays a major role in absorption, transport, and metabolism of vitamin A. In addition, because vitamin A is correlated with reproductive performance, we measured CRBP II mRNA abundance in erlang mountainous chickens by real-time PCR using the relative quantification method. The expression of CRBP II showed a tissue-specific pattern and egg production rate-dependent changes. The expression was very high (p<0.05) in jejunum and liver, intermediate in kidney, ovary, and oviduct, and lowest (p<0.05) in heart, hypothalamus, and pituitary. In the hypothalamus, oviduct, ovary, and pituitary, CRBP II mRNA abundance were correlated to egg production rate, which increased from 12 wk to 32 wk, peaked at 32 wk relative to the other time points, and then decreased from 32 wk to 45 wk. In contrast, the expression of CRBP II mRNA in heart, jejunum, kidney, and liver was not different at any of the ages evaluated in this study. These data may help to understand the genetic basis of vitamin A metabolism, and suggest that CRBP II may be a candidate gene to affect egg production traits in chickens.

Effect of Hybridization on Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Erlang Mountainous Chickens

Yin, H.D.,Gilbert, E.R.,Chen, S.Y.,Wang, Y.,Zhang, Z.C.,Zhao, X.L.,Zhang, Yao,Zhu, Q. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.10

Native chickens hold a significant share of the market in China. In response to the huge demand from the market, the productivity of Chinese native chickens needs to be improved. Cross breeding is an effective method to increase productivity, although it might affect meat quality. In this study, two pure lines (SD02 and SD03) of Erlang mountainous chickens were hybridized with a yellow feather and faster growing line (SD01). The effect of hybridization on carcass and meat quality (physiochemical and textural traits) was measured in the $F_1$ population at d 91 of age. The hybrids exhibited higher body weight and dressed weight, and amount of semi-eviscerated, eviscerated, breast muscle and abdominal fat (p<0.05). Abdominal fat yield also increased (p<0.05) compared to the offspring of the two pure-lines. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in meat quality traits except for the myofiber diameter and density and the shear force of the breast muscle. Overall, the offspring of cross-lines were similar to pure lines in meat color, pH value, inosinic acid, crude protein, crude fat, dry matter, moisture content and amino acid composition in the breast muscle. These results suggest that productivity can be improved via cross-breeding while maintaining meat quality of the Erlang mountainous chicken.

Multiferroic tunnel junctions and ferroelectric control of magnetic state at interface (invited)

Yin, Y. W.,Raju, M.,Hu, W. J.,Burton, J. D.,Kim, Y.-M.,Borisevich, A. Y.,Pennycook, S. J.,Yang, S. M.,Noh, T. W.,Gruverman, A.,Li, X. G.,Zhang, Z. D.,Tsymbal, E. Y.,Li, Qi American Institute of Physics 2015 Journal of Applied Physics Vol.117 No.17

ACTIVE APPROACH TO ELECTRONIC STABILITY CONTROL FOR FRONT-WHEEL DRIVE IN-WHEEL MOTOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES

D. YIN,J.-S. HU 한국자동차공학회 2014 International journal of automotive technology Vol.15 No.6

Recently, motion control for electric vehicles has gradually gained respect in automotive society due toincreased strictness of vehicle safety evaluation over time. Electronic Stability Control (ESC) is the kernel technology, whichrefers to two-dimensional motion stabilization. Many investigations have demonstrated that Direct Yaw-moment Control(DYC) is an effective and practical way to carry out the ESC of electric vehicles. However, based on the drive train ofconventional steering, conventional approaches are using braking to achieve the DYC. This paper proposes a new ESC basedon the construction of DYC. The presented approach is based on a core of individual traction control measures for propulsionwheels. This approach not only constrain the longitudinal slip, but also ensure the performance and the effectiveness of twodimensionalmotion control. With a proper control, the vehicle can be maintained to a nearly neutral-steering under high speedturning. Hence, the vehicle’s dynamic stability can be enhanced under aggressive driving by yaw-moment control. Evaluationof the entire control system is performed by well-acknowledged software, which demonstrates that the vehicle’s dynamicstability can be enhanced under aggressive driving by the proposed approach.

자동차 패널의 헤밍 공정 설계에 관한 연구

안덕찬(D. C. Ahn),이경돈(K. D. Lee),인정제(J. J. Yin),김권희(K. H. Kim) 한국소성·가공학회 2000 소성가공 : 한국소성가공학회지 Vol.9 No.6

Research on simulation and experiment for surface topography machined by a novel point grinding wheel

Y. D. Gong,G. Q. Yin,X. L. Wen,M. Han,J. B. Yan,J. Cheng 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.10

Grains motion path will be changed in the point grinding process due to the existence of variable angle α. To verify the difference betweenpoint grinding and traditional grinding, the moving relationship and coordinate transformation between grinding wheel and workpieceare used to put the grain movement function equivalent to parabola, then point grinding cutting path is concluded. Based on grainsdistribution on the grinding wheel surface, the 3D geometry simulation topography of workpiece is obtained by extending the effectiveinterference trails along the axial direction. Furthermore, a vitrified bond CBN wheel with a coarse grinding area angle θ is proposed andthe principle of design and preparation of these novel grinding wheels are studied. The typical processing parameters are chosen to grindQT700 ladder shaft; the simulation results are verified by using the VHX-1000E microscope and the non-contact 3D surface profilometerto observe the workpiece surface topography and measure the surface roughness. The results indicated that the simulation microstructurescoincide well with the experimental measurements and the values of simulation roughness are 0.5 times of experiments. So, the geometricsimulation model provided an auxiliary and prediction method for the actual processing topography analysis. In addition, grindingwheels with different θ are used to grind ladder shafts with a series of grinding parameters. The influence trend of inclining angle α, cuttingdepth ap, axial feeding speed vf and grinding wheel speed vs on surface roughness is obtained. It is concluded that the values ofworkpiece surface roughness using novel grinding wheel are less than using the traditional grinding wheel under the condition of thesame processing parameters.

ROBUST CONTROL FOR 4WS VEHICLES CONSIDERING A VARYING TIRE-ROAD FRICTION COEFFICIENT

G.-D. YIN,N. CHEN,J.-X. WANG,J.-S. CHEN 한국자동차공학회 2010 International journal of automotive technology Vol.11 No.1

A μ-synthesis for four-wheel steering (4WS) problems is proposed. Applying this method, model uncertainties can be taken into consideration, and a μ-synthesis robust controller is designed with optimized weighting functions to attenuate the external disturbances. In addition, an optimal controller is designed using the well-known optimal control theory. Two different versions of control laws are considered here. In evaluations of vehicle performance with the robust controller, the proposed controller performs adequately with different maneuvers (i.e., J-turn and Fishhook) and on different road conditions (i.e., icy, wet, and dry). The numerical simulation shows that the designed μ-synthesis robust controller can improve the performance of a closed-loop 4WS vehicle, and this controller has good maneuverability, sufficiently robust stability, and good performance robustness against serious disturbances.

KNOCK IN DUAL-FUEL DIESEL COMBUSTION WITH AN E85 ETHANOL/GASOLINE BLEND BY MULTI-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATION

C. B. YIN,Z. D. ZHANG,N. L. XIE,Y. D. SUN,T. SUN 한국자동차공학회 2016 International journal of automotive technology Vol.17 No.4

−In this paper, knocking combustion in dual-fuel diesel engine is modeled and investigated using the CFD code coupled with detailed chemical kinetics. The ethanol/gasoline blend E85 is used as the primary fuel in a dual-fuel combustion concept based on a light-duty diesel engine equipped with a common-rail injection system. The E85 blend is injected and well mixed with intake air in the intake manifold and is ignited by the direct injection diesel fuel. A 46-species, 187-reaction Multicomponent mechanism is adopted to model the auto-ignition process of the E85/air/diesel mixture ahead of the flame front. Based on the model validation, knocking combustion under boost and full load operating condition for 0 %, 20 %, 50 %, as well as 70 % E85 substitute energy is simulated. The effects of E85 substitute rate and two stage injection strategies on knock intensity, power output, as well as location of the auto-ignition initiation is clearly reproduced by the model. The calculation result shows that, for a high E85 rate of 50 % and 70 % with single injection strategies, the most serious knock and the origin of auto-ignition always occurs far away from where the flame of diesel spray is first generated, at the center of combustion chamber, due to higher pressure wave, relatively richer E85 mixture and longer distances of flame propagation. The two stage injection strategies with a small amount of diesel pilot injection ahead of the main injection primarily influence the ignition behavior of the directly injected fuel, leads to a lower pressure rise rate and a reduced propagation distance, both of which contribute to the attenuation of knock intensity for a higher E85 rate.