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Sujin Choi,Sang-Hoon Kim,Mi Seon Han,Yoonsun Yoon,Yun-Kyung Kim,Hye-Kyung Cho,Ki Wook Yun,Seung Ha Song,Bin Ahn,Ye Kyung Kim,Sung Hwan Choi,Young June Choe,Heeji Lim,Eun Bee Choi,Kwangwook Kim,Seokhwa 대한면역학회 2023 Immune Network Vol.23 No.4
Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been acknowledged as an effective mean of preventing infection and hospitalization. However, the emergence of highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) has led to substantial increase in infections among children and adolescents. Vaccineinduced immunity and longevity have not been well defined in this population. Therefore, we aimed to analyze humoral and cellular immune responses against ancestral and SARSCoV- 2 variants after two shots of the BNT162b2 vaccine in healthy adolescents. Although vaccination induced a robust increase of spike-specific binding Abs and neutralizing Abs against the ancestral and SARS-CoV-2 variants, the neutralizing activity against the Omicron variant was significantly low. On the contrary, vaccine-induced memory CD4+ T cells exhibited substantial responses against both ancestral and Omicron spike proteins. Notably, CD4+ T cell responses against both ancestral and Omicron strains were preserved at 3 months after two shots of the BNT162b2 vaccine without waning. Polyfunctionality of vaccine-induced memory T cells was also preserved in response to Omicron spike protein. The present findings characterize the protective immunity of vaccination for adolescents in the era of continuous emergence of variants/subvariants.
New modeling method for the dielectric relaxation of a DRAM cell capacitor
Choi, Sujin,Sun, Wookyung,Shin, Hyungsoon Pergamon Press 2018 Solid-State Electronics Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study proposes a new method for automatically synthesizing the equivalent circuit of the dielectric relaxation (DR) characteristic in dynamic random access memory (DRAM) without frequency dependent capacitance measurement. Charge loss due to DR can be observed by a voltage drop at the storage node and this phenomenon can be analyzed by an equivalent circuit. The Havariliak-Negami model is used to accurately determine the electrical characteristic parameters of an equivalent circuit. The DRAM sensing operation is performed in HSPICE simulations to verify this new method. The simulation demonstrates that the storage node voltage drop resulting from DR and the reduction in the sensing voltage margin, which has a critical impact on DRAM read operation, can be accurately estimated using this new method.</P>
MULTI-HARMONIC MODELS FOR BUBBLE EVOLUTION IN THE RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY
Choi, Sujin,Sohn, Sung-Ik Korean Mathematical Society 2017 대한수학회지 Vol.54 No.2
We consider the multi-harmonic model for the bubble evolution in the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in two and three dimensions. We extend the multi-harmonic model in two dimensions to a high-order and present a new class of steady-state solutions of the bubble motion. The growth rate of the bubble is expressed by a continuous family of two free parameters. The critical point in the family of solutions is identified as a saddle point and is chosen as the physically significant solution. We also present the multi-harmonic model in the cylindrical geometry and find the steady-state solution of the axisymmetric bubble. Validity and limitation of the model are also discussed.
Efficient preparation of a permanent chitosan/gelatin hydrogel using an acid-tolerant tyrosinase
Choi, Yoo Rae,Kim, Eun Hae,Lim, Sujin,Choi, Yoo Seong Elsevier 2018 Biochemical engineering journal Vol.129 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>An acid-tolerant tyrosinase, tyrosinase-CNK, was used to form chitosan/gelatin hydrogels without any additional crosslinking materials at pH 4, where appropriate chitosan/gelatin blends were efficiently prepared based on the solubility of chitosan only under acidic conditions. The in vitro gelation degree and rheological studies revealed that the gelation of the chitosan/gelatin solution was successfully achieved within 12min by the tyrosinase-CNK reaction at pH 4, and the glycol chitosan/gelatin blends were similarly crosslinked within 7min at pH 6 (the optimum pH of tyrosinase-CNK). Remarkably, tyrosinase-CNK catalyzed the formation of permanent and stable chitosan/gelatin and glycol chitosan/gelatin gels, unlike the previous results of tyrosinase-mediated chitosan/gelatin gelation in which commercially available mushroom tyrosinase only catalyzed transient gel formation. In addition, the pore size distribution was greater than 100μm in the morphological structure, and the high swelling ratio and enhanced mechanical properties are expected to be suitable for tissue engineering applications. These results demonstrate that the acid-tolerant tyrosinase-CNK can efficiently mediate the in vitro formation of chitosan/gelatin conjugates, and the obtained hydrogels have the potential to be used as a promising scaffold.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Permanent chitosan/gelatin hydrogels were prepared using an acid-tolerant tyrosinase. </LI> <LI> Glycol chitosan/gelatin hydrogels were similarly formed by the enzymatic reaction. </LI> <LI> Morphological and mechanical properties showed suitable potential as scaffolds. </LI> </UL> </P>
Choi Sujin,Kim Bo Kyung,Ahn Hong Yul,Hong Kyung Taek,Choi Jung Yoon,Shin Hee Young,Kang Hyoung Jin 대한혈액학회 2020 Blood Research Vol.55 No.4
Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with internal tandem duplication in FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3-ITD) is associated with poor outcomes. This study aimed to analyze the outcomes of pediatric AML patients with FLT3-ITD mutations in the pre-FLT3 inhibitor era. Methods We retrospectively reviewed and identified 18 patients diagnosed with non-M3 AML with FLT3-ITD mutations at Seoul National University Children’s Hospital between May 2008 and August 2019. Results The median age was 13 years (range, 6‒19 yr). The median follow-up time was 43 months (range, 6‒157 mo). Fourteen patients received BH-AC-based (N4-Behenoy1-1--D-arabinofuranosy1cytosine) and 4 received cytarabine-based induction chemotherapy. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 72.2% of the patients after the first induction chemotherapy and 80% of the patients achieved CR after salvage therapy. The overall CR rate was 94% (17/18 patients). These 17 patients underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (9 matched unrelated donors, 5 matched related donors, and 3 haploidentical donors). Relapse occurred in 22% of the patients. Event free survival and overall survival rates were 53.8±12.1% and 53.6±12.1%, respectively, and they were not significantly different according to the type of induction chemotherapy (P =0.690) or the type of donor (P =0.102). Conclusion This study outlines the outcomes of pediatric AML patients with FLT3-ITD-mutations in one institution over a decade. Outcomes were significantly improved in this study compared to our previous report in 2004, where RFS and EFS were 0%. This study can provide baseline data for pediatric patients in the pre-FLT3 inhibitor era.