Regulation of North Korean Defectors: Validation of the Differences in Perception according to the Total Period of Service as Police and the Security and Service Period of the South Korean Security Police

Chiyoung Lee,Byeongchan Kim,Sunggu Jo J-INSTITUTE 2022 Regulations Vol.7 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to validate the difference in the perception of North Korean defectors by focusing on variables according to the period of service of the security police and the police’s total period of ser-vice, which can provide a high accessibility and experience based results for the North Korean defectors. Method: In this study, 100 South Korean police officers in 2020 were surveyed among the police officers of the security department who had work experiences related to the North Korean defectors, and among the trainees of the Police Human Resources Development Institute, the police institute of education in South Korea. The survey was conducted by the self-administration method, and 91 people’s questionnaires were used as valid samples, excluding the data with insincere responses or missing part of the survey information. Results: In terms of the difference in the perception of North Korean defectors according to the period of police service, the analysis demonstrated that there was a significant difference for the Q-22 question at the level of 5%. That is, it turned out that the longer the total police service period, the more the North Korean defectors had the perception to receive legal support for the purposes of visiting the police station. Furthermore, as for the difference in the perception of the North Korean defectors according to the period of the security police service, the analysis demonstrated a significant difference in the Q-24, Q-34, and Q-38 ques-tions at the 5% level. That is, it turned out that the security police perceived the problems of the North Korean defectors to be personal safety and understanding of the South Korean society, and perceived that the average monthly economic income of the North Korean defectors is stable. Conclusion: As the conclusion of this study, while the police generally perceive the work involving the North Korean defectors as a legal support and a business processing, the longer the service period of the security police, the difference in their perception turned out such that, the more problems with the personal safety of the North Korean defectors and their understanding of the South Korean society. Furthermore, in terms of the security police who are directly in charge of the North Korean defectors, they have a common perception about the North Korean society, such as problem solving through violence, awareness of and avoidance of damages according to the compliance of law, and the justification of individual sacrifice by groups. Hence, it may be interpreted as a result of recognizing it as a result of a lack of personal protection against violent crimes and a lack of understanding of the South Korean society.

Analysis of the Use of Defense Techniques of Korean JUDO Athletes According to their Gender and Grade

Chiyoung Lee,Jaeho Kim,Sunggu Jo J-INSTITUTE 2021 International Journal of Martial Arts Vol.6 No.4

Purpose: This study aims to prepare academic foundations and evidence for judo and explore changes in judo technique use according to middle school, high school, and college judo athletes winning experience and experi-ence of being selected as representative athletes. Method: In order to achieve the purpose of this study, frequency analysis was conducted to identify the gen-eral characteristics of the study subjects, and Cronbach s α coefficient was calculated to obtain the reliability value of the survey. In addition, t-test and One Way ANOVA were conducted to find out the difference in defense techniques according to the player s gender and grade. Results: As a result of the study, there was no difference in gender in judo defense techniques, and there was a significant difference in hand technique, hip technique, foot technique, and defense technique according to the player s grade. Conclusion: As a result of this study, considering the difference in judo defense technique according to grade, hand technique and hip technique are evenly distributed in grade, and in the case of foot technique, the higher the grade, the difference in perception of defense technique appeared.

An Analysis of the Utilization of Offensive and Defensive Techniques According to the JUDO Athlete s Career

Chiyoung Lee,Bongjun Choi,Sunggu Jo J-INSTITUTE 2021 Kinesiology Vol.6 No.3

Purpose: For a study related the utilization of various techniques for Judo athletes of middle schools, high schools, and colleges and universities in their process of growth, this study seeks to explore changes in the utiliza-tion of Judo techniques according to the winning careers of the Judo athletes of middle schools, high schools, and colleges and universities and their experience of being selected to represent their schools and organizations. Method: To achieve the purpose of this study, the frequency analysis was performed to examine and under-stand the general characteristics of the research subjects, and the Cronbach s α coefficient was calculated to vali-date the reliability of the survey questionnaire. Furthermore, the one-way ANOVA was conducted to examine the differences between the offensive techniques and defensive techniques according to the athletes’ career. Results: As a result of the study, it turned out that there were significant differences across hand techniques, waist techniques, foot techniques, offensive techniques, and defensive techniques. Examining the techniques, it turned out that there were significant differences in offensive techniques among the hand techniques, pull and throw, throw or destroy with shoulder, and grab a single color and throw, and all techniques among the defensive techniques had significant differences. Conclusion: As a result of this study, it turned out that the greater the career, the higher the utilization of hand techniques and foot techniques among the offensive techniques, and the less the experiences, the higher the utili-zation of waist techniques. As for the defensive techniques, the greater the career, the utilization of hand tech-niques, waist techniques, and foot techniques all turned out to be high. However, among the waist techniques, hold belt, lift and throw over with waist and counter attack using opponent s techniques turned out to be high, the less the career.

Human Rights Issues in North Korea and the Residents’ Defection: An Analysis of Job Involvement according to the Period of Service of the South Korean Security Police

Chiyoung Lee,Sunggu Jo,Byeongchan Kim J-INSTITUTE 2022 International Journal of Human & Disaster Vol.7 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to validate the difference in the effectiveness of the police on job in-volvement based on their work experiences in order to validate the effectiveness of the security police who directly make contacts with the North Korean defectors as a solution to various problems and conflicts. Method: In this study, among police officers in the security department as of 2020 who had experience in work related North Korean defectors, 100 trainees in the Police Human Resources Development Institute were surveyed via self-administration method. Among the collected survey questionnaires, 91 were selected as valid samples, excluding those whose answers were incomplete or missing. Results: As a result of the study, there was no statistically significant difference demonstrated in terms of the difference in job involvement according to the total length of police service. Furthermore, as a result of the analy-sis performed on the difference in terms of the police’s job involvement according to security and service period, there was no statistically significant difference in total security, service period, and job involvement. Conclusion: It turned out that there was no statistical difference in terms of the perception of job involvement between the total police’s service period, security and service period, which. means that serving for a long time in the police or security department does not affect the responsibility, effort, and voluntary participation in the job. That is, since there is no difference in the perception of job involvement based on experiences, it is apparent that the factors affecting job involvement by various factors including working environment, performance measurement, and fatigue ought to be developed. Furthermore, this study looks forward to the lives of the North Koreans whose freedom and human rights are guaranteed by the collapse of the North Korean dictatorship.

North Korean Refugees SAFETY: South Korean Security Police to Verify the Difference in Empowerment, Working Periods

Sungbae Jung,Chiyoung Lee,Sunggu Jo J-INSTITUTE 2021 International Journal of Crisis & Safety Vol.6 No.3

Purpose: Empirical research was conducted on the Korean security police by verifying the difference between the total working period of the police and the working period of the security department. Method: In this study, among police officers in the security department as of 2020 who had experience in work related North Korean defectors, 100 trainees in the Police Human Resources Development Institute were surveyed via self-administration method. Among the collected survey questionnaires, 91 were selected as valid samples, excluding those whose answers were incomplete or missing. Results: The differences in impressions according to the total length of service for the police were significant in Q-8, Q-11, Q-12, Q-13, Q-14, Q-15, Q-16, Q-17, Q-18, Q-19, and Q-20. Also, the differences in the impressions of security officers over their working periods were significant in Q-8, Q-14, Q-18, Q-19, and Q-20. Conclusion: efforts to improve the working environment and organizational culture must be made to improve the importance of police activities. Furthermore, measures for psychological and economic stability of police officials must be taken together to ensure a long working period. This will not only help improve the national security services but also improve crime prevention and response activities for the safety of the people.

Starburst Properties of the 30 Doradus HII Complex

EunJoo Kwon,Hyeri Jung,Chiyoung Jo,Youngin Kim,Jaeryung Lee,Yangchan Jung,Sungeun Kim 한국천문학회 2005 天文學會報 Vol.30 No.2

POLICE STRESS by Gender and Age

Seungmin Baek,Sunggu Jo,Chiyoung Lee J-INSTITUTE 2021 Public Value Vol.6 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to verify the difference according to gender and age among general characteristics as stress factors in the Korean security police in terms of public value. Through the verification of the difference between these two factors, a discussion was conducted about which gender and age group per-ceived more occupational stress and how to effectively control it. Method: In this study, among police officers in the security department as of 2020 who had experience in work related to North Korean defectors, 100 trainees in the Police Human Resources Development Institute were surveyed via self-administration method. Among the collected survey questionnaires, 91 were selected as valid samples, excluding those whose answers were incomplete or missing. Results: As a result of the study, there was a significant difference in Q-5 as a difference in stress according to sex. Specifically, men were higher than women at the 1% significance level. Significant differences were found in Q-6, Q-7, and Q-8 in stress according to age. In all three questions, those in their fifties and above showed the highest at the 5% significance level, and those in their twenties showed the lowest stress. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, there were significant differences in stress according to gender and age, and as a measure to reduce stress, organization should actively clarify the work environment, job system, and promotions, the direction and goals of the security police organization within a comprehensive security concept, and maintain efforts to reduce the burden of work in a male-centered organizational culture.

A new method and device of aligning patient setup lasers in radiation therapy

Hwang, Ui‐,Jung,Jo, Kwanghyun,Lim, Young Kyung,Kwak, Jung Won,Choi, Sang Hyoun,Jeong, Chiyoung,Kim, Mi Young,Jeong, Jong Hwi,Shin, Dongho,Lee, Se Byeong,Park, Jeong‐,Hoon,Park, Sung Yong,K unknown 2016 Journal of applied clinical medical physics Vol.17 No.1

<P>The aim of this study is to develop a new method to align the patient setup lasers in a radiation therapy treatment room and examine its validity and efficiency. The new laser alignment method is realized by a device composed of both a metallic base plate and a few acrylic transparent plates. Except one, every plate has either a crosshair line (CHL) or a single vertical line that is used for alignment. Two holders for radiochromic film insertion are prepared in the device to find a radiation isocenter. The right laser positions can be found optically by matching the shadows of all the CHLs in the gantry head and the device. The reproducibility, accuracy, and efficiency of laser alignment and the dependency on the position error of the light source were evaluated by comparing the means and the standard deviations of the measured laser positions. After the optical alignment of the lasers, the radiation isocenter was found by the gantry and collimator star shots, and then the lasers were translated parallel to the isocenter. In the laser position reproducibility test, the mean and standard deviation on the wall of treatment room were 32.3±0.93 mm for the new method whereas they were 33.4±1.49 mm for the conventional method. The mean alignment accuracy was 1.4 mm for the new method, and 2.1 mm for the conventional method on the walls. In the test of the dependency on the light source position error, the mean laser position was shifted just by a similar amount of the shift of the light source in the new method, but it was greatly magnified in the conventional method. In this study, a new laser alignment method was devised and evaluated successfully. The new method provided more accurate, more reproducible, and faster alignment of the lasers than the conventional method.</P><P>PACS numbers: 87.56.Fc, 87.53.Bn, 87.53.Kn, 87.53.Ly, 87.55.Gh</P>

HUMAN & DISASTER: The Stress of Police Officers in Respect to Educational Background and Employment Path

Seungmin Baek,Sunggu Jo,Chiyoung Lee J-INSTITUTE 2021 International Journal of Human & Disaster Vol.6 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to verify differences arising from different educational backgrounds and employment paths in order to maintain performance capability and establish an effective management system through personnel management of security police, which is one of the job stress factors of the police related to human disasters. Method: In this study, among police officers in the security department as of 2020 who had experience in work related North Korean defectors, 100 trainees in the Police Human Resources Development Institute were surveyed via self-administration method. Among the collected survey questionnaires, 91 were selected as valid samples, excluding those whose answers were incomplete or missing. Results: As a result of the study, differences arising from different educational backgrounds showed a significant difference with a significance level of 5% in Q-2 and Q-8. The difference in stress depending on the employment path was significant with a significance level of 5% in Q-1, Q-3, Q-4, Q-5, Q-6, Q-7, Q-10, and Q-11. Conclusion: When assigning works to individuals according to their educational background, the works assigned to those with a low level of education should not conflict with each other, and the work environment should be improved to relieve the burden of excessive responsibilities for those with a high level of education. In addition, the analysis on the differences arising from different employment paths suggests that the stress of conflicting works for security police officers who have been employed through special recruitment needs to be relieved, and improvements should be made to reduce the stress of high responsibility and excessive workload for those who became a security police officer as a cadet.