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Relation between interdiffusion and polarity for MBE growth of GaN epilayers on ZnO substrates
Takuma Suzuki,Chihiro Harada,Hiroki Goto,Tsutomu Minegishi,Agus Setiawan,고항주,Meoung-Whan Cho,T.Yao 한국물리학회 2004 Current Applied Physics Vol.4 No.6
We report on GaN growth on Zn-polar ZnO substrates using plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy (P-MBE). Before GaNgrowth, ZnO substrate annealing conditions were optimized. Reection high-energy electron diraction (RHEED) patterns afterlow-temperature GaN buer layer annealing changed from streaky to spotty, suggesting that zinc and oxygen atoms interdiusefrom the ZnO substrate into the GaN epilayer. This interdiusion results in a mix-polar GaN epilayer.
Effects of Body Pillow Use on Sleeping Posture and Sleep Architecture in Healthy Young Adults
Park Insung,Suzuki Chihiro,Suzuki Yoko,Kawana Fusae,Yajima Katsuhiko,Fukusumi Shoji,Kokubo Toshio,Tokuyama Kumpei,Yanagisawa Masashi,Satoh Makoto 대한수면학회 2021 sleep medicine research Vol.12 No.1
Background and Objective Patients with position-dependent obstructive sleep apnea have a > 2-fold higher apnea-hypopnea index when sleeping in a supine position compared with a non-supine position. We investigated the effect of body pillow use on sleeping body position and sleep architecture in healthy young adults. Methods In experiment 1, we evaluated the body pressure distribution with or without body pillow use in 8 healthy young adults [age, 36.5 ± 13.0 years; body mass index (BMI); 20.6 ± 1.2 kg/m2]. In experiment 2, we performed a randomized-crossover intervention study to evaluate the effects of body pillow use on sleeping position and sleep architecture in 10 healthy young adults (age, 24.3 ± 7.8 years; BMI, 21.4 ± 1.7 kg/m2). Sleep architecture was characterized by polysomnography, and body positions were monitored using a sensor. Subjective sleep quality was evaluated with the Oguri-Shirakawa-Azumi sleep inventory, middle age and aged version. Results In experiment 1, body pillow use significantly reduced mean body pressure on the shoulder, hip, and whole body. In experiment 2, mean time spent in the supine, lateral, and prone body positions did not differ significantly between the 2 trials. Body pillow use, however, significantly extended the sustained time spent in the lateral body position compared with the control trial. Subjective sleep quality and sleep architecture did not differ significantly between the 2 trials, but body pillow use decreased the number of short (30 s) slow-wave sleep episodes. Conclusions Sleeping with a body pillow effectively extends sustained time in a lateral sleeping position and prevents segmentation of slow-wave sleep episodes.
Masahiro Yoneda,Nao Suzuki,Akie Fujimoto,Yosuke Masuo,Kazuhiko Yamada,Hiromitsu Morita,Chihiro Koga,Takao Hirofuji 대한예방치과학회 2015 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.11 No.2
Objective: In December 2011, Fukuoka Dental College (FDC) established a satellite dental hospital: the Center for Oral Diseases (COD). One of the purposes of the COD was to acquire a sufficient number of patients for the clinical training of dental students. The purpose of this study was to evaluate patients’ acceptance of treatment by dental students at FDC and the COD, and to identify factors that may predispose patients to non-acceptance of treatment by dental students. Methods: We questioned all new patients on their acceptance of receiving dental treatment performed by dental students, and their answers were recorded. We then compared the degree of acceptance between FDC and the COD. Results: The degree of non-acceptance was significantly higher in the COD patients. Furthermore, both female and halitosis patients displayed a higher degree of non-acceptance. When halitosis patients were excluded, the degree of acceptance did not differ significantly between the two hospitals. Conclusion: There may be many reasons for patient non-acceptance of dental treatment performed by students. However, halitosis patients were found to be more nervous on being treated or observed by students. Based on these results, the COD may be able to serve as an effective student training dental hospital if halitosis patients are excluded from the clinical training course.
Stress dependence on N/Ga ratio in GaN epitaxial films grownon ZnO substrates
Tsutomu Minegishi,Takuma Suzuki,Chihiro Harada,Hiroki Goto,Meoung-Whan Cho,Takafumi Yao 한국물리학회 2004 Current Applied Physics Vol.4 No.6
GaN films were grown on ZnO substrate under various beam equivalent pressure ratios by plasma-assisted molecular beamepitaxy (P-MBE). We theoretically calculated the thermal stress caused by the dierence of thermal expansion coecients betweenGaN and ZnO. The changes of stress and critical thickness were evaluated by measurement of XRD for HT GaN and LT GaNbuer grown under Ga-rich and N-rich conditions. From this study, we observed that GaN grown under Ga-rich condition causesGaN lm to under compressive-stress, while GaN grown under N-rich condition was tensile-stressed. Consequently, interdiusionhas no eect on the variation of the critical thickness.
Jay Kant Raut,Akira Suzuki,Toshimitsu Fukiharu,Kiminori Shimizu,Chihiro Tanaka,Shogo Takeshige 한국버섯학회 2010 한국버섯학회지 Vol.8 No.4
Addition of ammonia or any nitrogenous materials to the soil that release ammonia causing alkaline condition during decomposition stimulates the fruiting of a particular chemoecological group of fungi, called ammonia fungi (Sagara 1975). The study of ammonia fungi by artificial application of urea in forest soil has been done in diverse geographical regions such as in Japan, Taiwan, New Zealand, Western Australia, and UK. Up to date about 70 species of ammonia fungi have been recorded in those regions. However, ammonia fungi in the boreal forest of American continent have not yet been investigated. Thus, we collected the soils of A0 and the upper layer of HA horizons in plant pots from aspen forest near Edmonton, Canada. Thereafter, we applied urea (granular fertilizer; 46% nitrogen, 10 mg/g dry soil) in plant pots and incubated at 25˚C under 12 hours dark and light regime. After 40 days of incubation, several basidiomata of Coprinopsis species appeared. Among them one specimen was identified as C. rugosobispora based on macro- and microscopic features. Morphologically this species was very similar to C. phlyctidospora which was characterized by warty, ovoid basidiospores, and diverticulate veil elements. C. phlyctidospora has 4-spored basidia while C. rugosobispora had only 2-spored. In the beginning, it was thought probably it was only a 2-spored form of C. phlyctidospora. The basidiospore of C. rugosobispora (9.8-11.7×8.3-9.6㎛) was distinctly larger than that of C. phlyctidospora (8.4-10.6×6.0-7.6 ㎛). It was therefore separated from the C. phlyctidospora. Furthermore in this study we investigated its phylogenetic relationship based on the nuclear rDNA sequence in ITS regions and mating reactions among its close allies and further confirmed it as a distinct species. This is the first record of C. rugosobispora from American continent since it has been collected only from Europe (Belgium and Netherlands). Although urea effectively stimulated its occurrence but it has not yet been reported any other urea application studies so far. This indicates it is a new record in ammonia fungi as well.
Masahiro Yoneda,Miwa Yamada,Nao Suzuki,Rie Uemura,Akie Fujimoto,Yosuke Masuo,Hirofumi Fukuchi,Hiromitsu Morita,Kazuhiko Yamada,Tadayuki Matsuo,Ayako Ishii,Chihiro Koga,Takao Hirofuji 대한예방치과학회 2015 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.11 No.1
Objective: Fukuoka Dental College established a satellite clinic, the Center for Oral Diseases (COD), in December 2011. In this study, we analyzed halitosis patients and the role of dental hygienists. Methods: Approximately 70% of the patients were female and most were in their 40s. We analyzed the possible causes of halitosis. Results: More than half of the patients exhibited a thick tongue coating. Low salivary flow was present in 23.6% of males and in 39.4% of females. Pocket depth ≥6 mm was found in 44.2% of males and in 16.7% of females. We also analyzed treatment provided after breath odor measurement. Most of the patients with physiological halitosis and pseudohalitosis did not receive further treatment, but some were treated at the COD with scaling and professional tooth cleaning. Many of the patients with genuine halitosis received dental treatment at the COD. We referred patients from other clinics and from distant locations to their local doctors for treatment. Conclusion: Halitosis had various causes, and the role of dental hygienists, including scaling, root planing, and tooth brushing instruction, are important in decreasing breath odor. Dental hygienists play an important role in communication with halitosis patients.
Mei Uemura,Yutaka Yano,Toshinari Suzuki,Taro Yasuma,Toshiyuki Sato,Aya Morimoto,Samiko Hosoya,Chihiro Suminaka,Hiromu Nakajima,Esteban C. Gabazza,Yoshiyuki Takei 대한당뇨병학회 2017 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.41 No.4
patients and institutions. We are developing a glucose area under the curve (AUC) monitoring system without blood sampling using a minimally invasive interstitial fluid extraction technology (MIET). Here we evaluated the accuracy of interstitial fluid glucose (IG) AUC measured by MIET in patients with diabetes for an extended time interval and the potency of detecting hyperglycemia using CGM data as a reference. Methods: Thirty-eight inpatients with diabetes undergoing CGM were enrolled. MIET comprised a pretreatment step using a plastic microneedle array and glucose accumulation step with a hydrogel patch, which was placed on two sites from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM or from 10:00 PM to 6:00 AM. IG AUC was calculated by accumulated glucose extracted by hydrogel patches using sodium ion as standard. Results: A significant correlation was observed between the predicted AUC by MIET and CGM in daytime (r=0.76) and nighttime (r=0.82). The optimal cutoff for the IG AUC value of MIET to predict hyperglycemia over 200 mg/dL measured by CGM for 8 hours was 1,067.3 mg·hr/dL with 88.2% sensitivity and 81.5% specificity. Conclusion: We showed that 8-hour IG AUC levels using MIET were valuable in estimating the blood glucose AUC without blood sampling. The results also supported the concept of using this technique for evaluating glucose excursion and for screening hyperglycemia during 8 hours in patients with diabetes at any time of day.
Awareness among Dental Hygienists with Regard to Treatment Options for Halitosis
Masahiro Yoneda,Natsuki Kashio,Hatsumi Uchida,Nao Suzuki,Hiroshi Matsuura,Toru Naito,Chihiro Koga,Hitomi Yasukochi,Masaro Matsuura,Takao Hirofuji 대한예방치과학회 2012 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.8 No.3
Introduction: A growing number of people are expressing concern about breath odor, so it is important that dental hygienists have basic knowledge on the etiology and treatment of halitosis. Objective: The general level of awareness of this condition is unclear and quantification is important in targeting specific educational resources at this group. Methods: We performed a questionnaire survey on 31 dental hygienists of Fukuoka Dental College Medical and Dental Hospital. We also examined how their job experience affected their knowledge and awareness of halitosis treatment. The subjects were divided into two groups. Results: “Experienced” and “less experienced”, having five or more years and less than five years of experience, respectively. Both groups of dental hygienists had encountered oral malodor in patients during dental treatment, and many were consulted specifically regarding this condition. The hygienists generally felt competent in explaining the causes of oral malodor but less felt able to describe the treatments. The “less experienced” group had particularly low confidence in providing this information. However, more than 78% of the “less experienced” dental hygienists believed that they should actively participate in treating halitosis, although fewer of the “experienced” group felt that this was part of their role. Conclusion: From these results, we conclude that although dental hygienists are aware of the importance of halitosis treatment, their knowledge and ability to deliver this therapy varies relative to their level of experience.