The development of light-responsive, organic dye based, supramolecular nanosystems for enhanced anticancer therapy

Cheng, Hong-Bo,Cui, Yixin,Wang, Rui,Kwon, Nahyun,Yoon, Juyoung Elsevier Publishing Company 2019 Coordination Chemistry Reviews Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Light-responsive supramolecular nanosystems refer to phototherapeutic agents that could be triggered by light. They have thus shown promising applications and aroused tremendous attention in many fields including drug delivery systems, photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy. In the review, after a brief introduction of the development of light-responsive organic dye based supramolecular nanosystems for anticancer therapy, an overview of recent advances made during the past five years is provided. Finally, challenges that need to be confronted and new opportunities that exist in the rapidly developing field are discussed.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The recent advances in the development of light-driven turn on cancer-associated supramolecular theragnostic are reviewed. </LI> <LI> Types and characteristics of light-responsive supramolecular nanosystems for anticancer therapy are discussed. </LI> <LI> The main approaches to the constructing of light-responsive supramolecular nanosystems for anticancer therapy are included. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Design and Evaluation of a High-concurrency Web Map Tile Service Framework on a High Performance Cluster

Bo Cheng,Xuefeng Guan 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.12

Web Map Tile Services (WMTS) have been widely used for quick and convenient sharing of geospatial information. In practice, when streaming requests to servers increase in scale, unacceptable response times and service unavailability might result. To address this scalability problem, we implemented a scalable WMTS framework on a high performance cluster (HPC), enabling the realization of elastic deployment as the client users grow in number. This scalable and high-concurrency WMTS is built totally with open-source software, including Nginx, GeoWebCache, and MongoDB. In this architecture, Nginx acts as a powerful load balancer for routing client requests; GeoWebCache is customized to publish the required WMTS and process client requests; while MongoDB is used to store the large volume of tile images in the HPC. Evaluation experiments were carried out to assess the efficiency and scalability of our WMTS system, using one synthetic workload. Experimental results illustrate that this distributed WMTS framework can achieve about 15% performance improvement when the service nodes are increased with a 0.5~2s reduction in the load time and a 5~10MB increase in network throughput.

Improving Accident Tolerance of Nuclear Fuel with Coated Mo-alloy Cladding

Cheng, Bo,Kim, Young-Jin,Chou, Peter Korean Nuclear Society 2016 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.48 No.1

In severe loss of coolant accidents (LOCA), similar to those experienced at Fukushima Daiichi and Three Mile Island Unit 1, the zirconiumalloy fuel claddingmaterials are rapidlyheateddue to nuclear decay heating and rapid exothermic oxidation of zirconium with steam. This heating causes the cladding to rapidly react with steam, lose strength, burst or collapse, and generate large quantities of hydrogen gas. Although maintaining core cooling remains the highest priority in accident management, an accident tolerant fuel (ATF) design may extend coping and recovery time for operators to restore emergency power, and cooling, and achieve safe shutdown. An ATF is required to possess high resistance to steam oxidation to reduce hydrogen generation and sufficient mechanical strength to maintain fuel rod integrity and core coolability. The initiative undertaken by Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) is to demonstrate the feasibility of developing an ATF cladding with capability to maintain its integrity in $1,200-1,500^{\circ}C$ steam for at least 24 hours. This ATF cladding utilizes thin-walled Mo-alloys coated with oxidation-resistant surface layers. The basic design consists of a thin-walled Mo alloy structural tube with a metallurgically bonded, oxidation-resistant outer layer. Two options are being investigated: a commercially available iron, chromium, and aluminum alloy with excellent high temperature oxidation resistance, and a Zr alloy with demonstratedcorrosionresistance.Asthese composite claddings will incorporate either no Zr, or thin Zr outer layers, hydrogen generation under severe LOCA conditions will be greatly reduced. Key technical challenges and uncertainties specific to Moalloy fuel cladding include: economic core design, industrial scale fabricability, radiation embrittlement, and corrosion and oxidation resistance during normal operation, transients, and severe accidents. Progress in each aspect has been made and key results are discussed in this document. In addition to assisting plants in meeting Light Water Reactor (LWR) challenges, accident-tolerant Mo-based cladding technologies are expected to be applicable for use in high-temperature helium and molten salt reactor designs, as well as nonnuclear high temperature applications.

Photoinduced Electron Transfer-Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer (PET-RAFT) Polymerization Using Titanium Dioxide

Bo-Fei Cheng,Long-Hai Wang,Ye-Zi You 한국고분자학회 2016 Macromolecular Research Vol.24 No.9

Photoinitiated living radical polymerization has attracted wide attention in recent years. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a kind of semi-conducting metal oxide which is widely used in water treatment, photovoltaics and organic synthesis. However, there is few application in living radical polymerization. In this study, photoinduced electron transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) using TiO2 as photoredox catalyst is successfully carried out. It offers good control over molecular weights and polydispersities (PDI). The end group fidelity of PMMA is successfully demonstrated by chain extension for the preparation of poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PMMA-b-PDMAEMA) copolymer. Moreover, the polymerization can be controlled by switching “ON” and “OFF” the light.

Using nanotechnology for improving the mechanical behavior of spherical impactor in sport problem via complex networks

Bo Jin Cheng,Peng Cheng,Lijun Wang 국제구조공학회 2023 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.49 No.1

The network theory studies interconnection between discrete objects to find about the behavior of a collection of objects. Also, nanomaterials are a collection of discrete atoms interconnected together to perform a specific task of mechanical or/and electrical type. Therefore, it is reasonable to use the network theory in the study of behavior of super-molecule in sport nano-scale. In the current study, we aim to examine vibrational behavior of spherical nanostructured composite with different geometrical and materials properties. In this regard, a specific shear deformation displacement theory, classical elasticity theory and analytical solution to find the natural frequency of the spherical nano-composite sport structure equipment. The analytical results are validated by comparison to finite element (FE). Further, a detail comprehensive results of frequency variations are presented in terms of different parameters. It is revealed that the current methodology provides accurate results in comparison to FE results. On the other hand, different geometrical and weight fraction have influential role in determining frequency of the structure.

Elevating Limonene Production in Oleaginous Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica via Genetic Engineering of Limonene Biosynthesis Pathway and Optimization of Medium Composition

Bo-Qian Cheng,Liu-Jing Wei,Yu-Bei Lv,Jun Chen,Qiang Hua 한국생물공학회 2019 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.24 No.3

As an alternative terpenoid producer, nonconventional oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica was chosen for limonene production. Y. lipolytica can give high biomass yield and metabolize a broad range of substrates such as glycerol, alkanes, fatty acid, fats, and oils. As previously reported, optimization of limonene synthesis pathway and mevalonate (MVA) pathway leads to the accumulation of 112-fold higher limonene as compared to an initial strain. In this study, we introduced an additional copy of limonene synthesis gene (LS), which resulted in an increase of limonene production. This engineered strain was used to carry out further optimization study. Amongst all the carbon sources tested, the highest level of limonene production was obtained from glycerol, and citrate was selected as an auxiliary carbon source. In fed-batch fermentation with an optimized medium, the engineered strain was found to produce 165.3 mg/L limonene, which corresponds to the highest yield till date for the production of limonene in Y. lipolytica.

Improving Accident Tolerance of Nuclear Fuel with Coated Mo-alloy Cladding

Bo Cheng,Young-Jin Kim,Peter Chou 한국원자력학회 2016 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.48 No.1

In severe loss of coolant accidents (LOCA), similar to those experienced at Fukushima Daiichi and Three Mile Island Unit 1, the zirconiumalloy fuel claddingmaterials are rapidlyheateddueto nuclear decay heating and rapid exothermic oxidation of zirconium with steam. Thisheating causes the cladding to rapidly react with steam, lose strength, burst or collapse, andgenerate large quantities of hydrogen gas. Although maintaining core cooling remains thehighest priority in accident management, an accident tolerant fuel (ATF) design may extendcoping and recovery time for operators to restore emergency power, and cooling, and achievesafe shutdown. An ATF is required to possess high resistance to steam oxidation to reducehydrogen generation and sufficient mechanical strength to maintain fuel rod integrity andcore coolability. The initiative undertaken by Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) is todemonstrate the feasibility of developing an ATF cladding with capability to maintain itsintegrity in 1,200-1,500℃ steam for at least 24 hours. This ATF cladding utilizes thin-walledMo-alloys coated with oxidation-resistant surface layers. The basic design consists of a thinwalledMo alloy structural tube with a metallurgically bonded, oxidation-resistant outerlayer. Two options are being investigated: a commercially available iron, chromium, andaluminum alloy with excellent high temperature oxidation resistance, and a Zr alloy withdemonstratedcorrosionresistance.Asthese composite claddingswill incorporate either no Zr,or thin Zr outer layers, hydrogen generation under severe LOCA conditions will be greatlyreduced. Key technical challenges and uncertainties specific to Moalloy fuel cladding include:economic core design, industrial scale fabricability, radiation embrittlement, and corrosionand oxidation resistance during normal operation, transients, and severe accidents. Progressin each aspect has been made and key results are discussed in this document. In addition toassisting plants inmeeting Light Water Reactor (LWR) challenges, accident-tolerant Mo-basedcladding technologies are expected to be applicable for use in high-temperature helium andmolten salt reactor designs, as well as nonnuclear high temperature applications.

Domain Transfer Learning for MCI Conversion Prediction

Cheng, Bo,Liu, Mingxia,Zhang, Daoqiang,Munsell, Brent C.,Shen, Dinggang IEEE 2015 IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering Vol.62 No.7

<P>Machine learning methods have successfully been used to predict the conversion of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD), by classifying MCI converters (MCI-C) from MCI nonconverters (MCI-NC). However, most existing methods construct classifiers using data from one particular target domain (e.g., MCI), and ignore data in other related domains (e.g., AD and normal control (NC)) that may provide valuable information to improve MCI conversion prediction performance. To address is limitation, we develop a novel domain transfer learning method for MCI conversion prediction, which can use data from both the target domain (i.e., MCI) and auxiliary domains (i.e., AD and NC). Specifically, the proposed method consists of three key components: 1) a domain transfer feature selection component that selects the most informative feature-subset from both target domain and auxiliary domains from different imaging modalities; 2) a domain transfer sample selection component that selects the most informative sample-subset from the same target and auxiliary domains from different data modalities; and 3) a domain transfer support vector machine classification component that fuses the selected features and samples to separate MCI-C and MCI-NC patients. We evaluate our method on 202 subjects from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) that have MRI, FDG-PET, and CSF data. The experimental results show the proposed method can classify MCI-C patients from MCI-NC patients with an accuracy of 79.4%, with the aid of additional domain knowledge learned from AD and NC.</P>

A Context Aware Gateway for SIP-based Services in Ubiquitous Smart Homes

Bo-Chao Cheng,Huan Chen,Ryh-Yuh Tseng 보안공학연구지원센터 2008 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.2 No.1

The smart home concept brings innovation and convenience to our every day's life style. Without context awareness, smart home applications can neither offer adaptive services based on users’ dynamic situations nor provide preferential treatments according to users’ various preferences. Such a design paradigm forces human to live in the world of machines rather than a human-centric world. The use of SIP-protocol allows smart home devices and services to be connected compatibly and effectively. In this paper, we propose an adaptive SIP Context Aware Gateway (SIP-CAG) for the ubiquitous SIP-based services. With the SIPCAG solution, the home owner is able to use preferred devices for communication and to post his/her context information to home appliances or to people and civil society communities on an “as needed” basis.

A Data Fusion Algorithm of the Nonlinear System Based on Filtering Step By Step

Cheng-lin Wen,Quan-bo Ge 대한전기학회 2006 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.4 No.2

This paper proposes a data fusion algorithm of nonlinear multisensor dynamic systems of synchronous sampling based on filtering step by step. Firstly, the object state variable at the next time index can be predicted by the previous global information with the systems, then the predicted estimation can be updated in turn by use of the extended Kalman filter when all of the observations aiming at the target state variable arrive. Finally a fusion estimation of the object state variable is obtained based on the system global information. Synchronously, we formulate the new algorithm and compare its performances with those of the traditional nonlinear centralized and distributed data fusion algorithms by the indexes that include the computational complexity, data communicational burden, time delay and estimation accuracy, etc .. These compared results indicate that the performance from the new algorithm is superior to the performances from the two traditional nonlinear data fusion algorithms.