Influence of Temperature on Bond Wire Fatigue of Gate Loops in IGBT Modules under Sinusoidal Vibration Stress

Cao Zhan,Yaxin Zhang,Yizheng Tang,Francesco Iannuzzo,Lingyu Zhu,Shengchang Ji,Frede Blaabjerg 전력전자학회 2023 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2023 No.-

The vibration fatigue mechanism in IGBT modules is critical, while experimental data on this topic is still insufficient. In this paper, a vibration-temperature test platform for IGBT modules is developed, and the sinusoidal vibration tests are conducted in the y-axis direction. The location of the vibration-sensitive components is identified by observation after broken fault indicated by static characteristics. It is observed that the bond wires in gate loops are fragile components. Then, high-frequency impedance between the gate- and Kelvin-emitter terminals is proposed as condition monitoring indicator during the vibration test. The impedance can be reflected by the peak voltage of a sampling resistor, which has noticeable variation before the complete disconnection of the bond wire. The beginning of the variation is defined as the failure point, which is much earlier than seen in the static characteristics. Then the number of cycles to failure (NCF) is investigated at various temperatures. The NCF is found to decrease with temperature. Post-failure observations of all tested 48 modules under test are conducted.

Improved Multi-target Tracking Algorithm Based on Gaussian Mixture Particle PHD Filter

Qing Lin,Pei Cao,Dingan Liao,Yongzhao Zhan,Yaping Yang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.10 No.2

The paper proposes Gaussian mixture particle probability hypothesis density filter(PHD) algorithm ,which can effectively solve the problem that the object number is changing or unknown, based on particle PHD filter. This algorithm calculates the object number and state by recursive procedure, avoiding the uncertainty of target state estimation caused by particle sampling and clustering. Gaussian mixture particle is introduced to effectively maintain the multi-modal distribution of each target,reducing the complexity of calculation.

Clinical Safety and Efficacy of Kanglaite^® (Coix Seed Oil) Injection Combined with Chemotherapy in Treating Patients with Gastric Cancer

Zhan, Yi-Ping,Huang, Xin-En,Cao, Jie,Lu, Yan-Yan,Wu, Xue-Yan,Liu, Jin,Xu, Xia,Xiang, Jin,Ye, Li-Hong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.10

Objective: To observe efficacy and side effects, as well as the impact on quality of life, of Kanglaite$^{(R)}$ (Coix Seed Oil) injections combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer patients. Method: A consecutive cohort of 60 patients were divided into two groups: the experimental group receiving Kanglaite$^{(R)}$ Injection combined with chemotherapy and the control group with chemotherapy alone. After more than two courses of treatment, efficacy, quality of life and side effects were evaluated. Results: The response rate and KPS score of experimental group were significantly improved as compared with those of the control group (P<0.05). In addition, gastrointestinal reactions and bone marrow suppression were significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: Kanglaite$^{(R)}$ Injection enhanced efficacy and reduced the side effects of chemotherapy, improving quality of life of gastric cancer patients; use of Kanglaite$^{(R)}$ injections deserves to be further investigated in randomized control clinical trails.

Clinical Study on Safety and Efficacy of Qinin^® (Cantharidin Sodium) Injection Combined with Chemotherapy in Treating Patients with Gastric Cancer

Zhan, Yi-Ping,Huang, Xin-En,Cao, Jie,Lu, Yan-Yan,Wu, Xue-Yan,Liu, Jin,Xu, Xia,Xu, Lin,Xiang, Jin,Ye, Li-Hong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.9

Objectives: To assess the efficacy, side effects, and the impact on quality of life with $Qinin^{(R)}$ (Cantharidin sodium) injection combined with chemotherapy for gastric cancer patients. Method: A consecutive cohort of 70 patients were divided into two groups: experimental group with cantharidin sodium injection combined with chemotherapy, while the control group received chemotherapy alone. After more than two courses of treatment, efficacy, quality of life and side effects were evaluated. Results: The response rate of experimental group was not significantly different from that of the control group (P>0.05), but differences were significant in clinical benefit response and KPS score. In addition, gastrointestinal reactions and the incidence of leukopenia were lower than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: $Qinin^{(R)}$ (Cantharidin sodium) injection combined with chemotherapy enhances clinical benefit response, improving quality of life of gastric cancer patients and reducing side effects of chemotherapy. Thus $Qinin^{(R)}$ (Cantharidin sodium) injection deserves to be further investigated in randomized control clinical trails.

Neutrophil extracellular traps mediate the crosstalk between plaque microenvironment and unstable carotid plaque formation

Cao Yu,Chen Minghui,Jiao Xinyu,Li Shuijie,Wang Dong,Zhan Yongxuan,Li Jiaju,Hao Zhongfei,Li Qingbin,Liu Yang,Feng Yan,Li Ruiyan,Wang Hongjun,Liu Mingli,Fu Qiang,Li Yongli 생화학분자생물학회 2024 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.56 No.-

The development of unstable carotid atherosclerotic plaques is associated with the induction of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) via the activation of diverse inflammatory mediators in the circulating bloodstream. However, the underlying mechanisms through which NETs influence the microenvironment of atherosclerotic plaques and contribute to the development of unstable carotid plaques remain largely elusive. The objective of this study was to elucidate the role of myeloid differentiation protein 1 (MD-1, LY86)-induced NETs underlying the crosstalk between unstable plaque formation and the plaque microenvironment. We employed bioinformatics analysis to identify key genes associated with carotid-unstable plaque, followed by comprehensive validation using various experimental approaches on tissue specimens and plasma samples classified based on pathological characteristics. Patients with carotid-unstable plaques exhibited elevated plasma concentrations of MD-1 (LY86), while patients with stable plaques demonstrated comparatively lower levels. Furthermore, soluble MD-1 was found to induce the formation of NETs through activation of Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. The proliferative and immature vascularization effects of NETs on endothelial cells, as well as their inhibitory impact on cell migration, are directly correlated with the concentration of NETs. Additionally, NETs were found to activate the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby upregulating ICAM1, VCAM1, MMP14, VEGFA, and IL6 expression in both Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and HAECs. Subsequently, a significant increase in intraplaque neovascularization by NETs results in poor carotid plaque stability, and NETs in turn stimulate macrophages to produce more MD-1, generating a harmful positive feedback loop. Our findings suggest that soluble MD-1 in the bloodstream triggers the production of NETs through activation of the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and further indicate NETs mediate a crosstalk between the microenvironment of the carotid plaque and the neovascularization of the intraplaque region. Inhibiting NETs formation or MD-1 secretion may represent a promising strategy to effectively suppress the development of unstable carotid plaques.

DUALITY OF Q_K-TYPE SPACES

Zhan, Mujun,Cao, Guangfu Korean Mathematical Society 2014 대한수학회보 Vol.51 No.5

For BMO, it is well known that $VMO^{**}=BMO$. In this paper such duality results of $Q_K$-type spaces are obtained which generalize the results by M. Pavlovi$\acute{c}$ and J. Xiao.

DUALITY OF QK-TYPE SPACES

Mujun Zhan,Guangfu Cao 대한수학회 2014 대한수학회보 Vol.51 No.5

For BMO, it is well known that VMO∗∗ = BMO. In this paper such duality results of QK-type spaces are obtained which generalize the results by M. Pavlovi´c and J. Xiao.

Excessive Startle with Novel GLRA1 Mutations in 4 Chinese Patients and a Literature Review of GLRA1-Related Hyperekplexia

Feixia Zhan,Chao Zhang,Shige Wang,Zeyu Zhu,Guang-Chen Jiao,Mingliang Zhao,Li Cao 대한신경과학회 2020 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.16 No.2

Background and Purpose Hyperekplexia (HPX), a rare neurogenetic disorder, is classically characterized by neonatal hypertonia, exaggerated startle response provoked by the sudden external stimuli and followed by a shortly general stiffness. Glycine receptor alpha 1 (GLRA1) is the major pathogenic gene of the disease. We described the clinical manifestations of genetically confirmed HPX patients and made a literature review of GLRA1-related HPX to improve the early recognition and prompt the management of the disorder. Methods Extensive clinical evaluations were analyzed in 4 Chinese HPX patients from two unrelated families. Next generation sequencing was conducted in the probands. Sanger sequence and segregation analysis were applied to confirm the findings. Results All four patients including 3 males and 1 female presented with excessive startle reflex, a cautious gait and recurrent falls. Moreover, startle episodes were dramatically improved with the treatment of clonazepam in all cases. Exome sequencing revealed 2 homozygous GLRA1 mutations in the patients. The mutation c.1286T>A p.I429N has been previously reported, while c.754delC p.L252* is novel. Conclusions HPX is a treatable disease, and clonazepam is the drug of choice. By studying and reviewing the disorder, we summarized the phenotype, expanded the genotype spectrum, and discussed the possible pathogenic mechanisms to enhance the understanding and recognition of the disease. Early awareness of the disease is crucial to the prompt and proper administration, as well as the genetic counseling.

FATIGUE ANALYSIS OF WELD REGION IN TORSION BEAM REAR SUSPENSION SYSTEM

Nan Zhan,Xiaochuan Zhang,Xulong Jin,Hongwei Cao 한국자동차공학회 2019 International journal of automotive technology Vol.20 No.2

Torsion beam rear suspension systems have been widely used in small passenger vehicles. However, welding can lead to local stress concentrations, residual stresses and other various defects, which affects the fatigue life of this system. In this paper, 3D digital image correlation (DIC) technique was used to measure the weld region deformation of a torsion beam rear suspension system in the bench test. The test results show that the obvious strain concentration occurred at the welding seam under the cyclic loading. The numerical simulation work by finite element analysis (FEA) has been done to predict the fatigue damage of the torsion beam rear suspension system. The simulation results show that the location of the fatigue crack was at the strain concentration region in the test work. The enhancement test was performed on a proving ground. The fatigure crack location of the torsion beam rear suspension system in the test automobile was coincident with the results by DIC and FEA. If the load conditions of bench tests are close to the road test, DIC is a useful method to predict the fatigue damage by the strain concentration. As a in lab test it would reduce the cost of fatigue analysis.

ML-MOEA/SOM : A Manifold-Learning-Based Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm Via Self-Organizing Maps

Wei Cao,Wei Zhan,ZhiQiang Chen 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.7

Under mild conditions, it can be induced from the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker condition that the Pareto set, in the decision space, of a continuous Multiobjective Optimization Problems(MOPs) is a piecewise continuous (m 1)  D manifold(where m is the number of objectives). One hand, the traditional Multiobjective Optimization Algorithms(EMOAs) cannot utilize this regularity property; on the other hand, the Regular Model-Based Multiobjective Estimation of Distribution Algorithm(RM-MEDA) only able to build the linear model of decision space using linear modelling algorithm, such as: the local principal component analysis algorithm(Local PCA).Aim at the shortcomings of EMOAs and RM-MEDA, the Manifold-Learning-Based Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm Via Self-Organizing Maps(ML-MOEA/SOM) is proposed for continuous multiobjective optimization problems. At each generation, first, via Self-Organizing Maps, the proposed algorithm learns such a nonlinear manifold in the decision space; then, new trial solutions is built through expanding the neurons of SOM with random noise; at the end, a nondominated sorting-based selection is used for choosing solutions for the next generation. Systematic experiments have shown that, overall, ML-MOEA/SOM outperforms NSGA-II, and is competitive with RM-MEDA in terms of convergence and diversity, on a set of test instances with variable linkages. We have demonstrated that, compared with NSGA-II and RM-MEDA, via self-Organizing maps, ML-MOEA/SOM can dig nonlinear manifold hidden in the decision space of multiobjective optimization problems.