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Sun, G.A.,Wang, X.L.,Wang, Y.D.,Woo, W.C.,Wang, H.,Liu, X.P.,Chen, B.,Fu, Y.Q.,Sheng, L.S.,Ren, Y. Elsevier Sequoia 2013 Materials science & engineering. properties, micro Vol.560 No.-
High-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction technique was used to in-situ characterize microstructure, lattice strain, and phase transition behavior of a Ni<SUB>47</SUB>Ti<SUB>44</SUB>Nb<SUB>9</SUB> shape memory alloy. Phase transformation kinetics and deformation mechanisms were studied under a uniaxial tension at three testing temperatures, i.e., -70<SUP>o</SUP>C, 25<SUP>o</SUP>C, and 150<SUP>o</SUP>C. At a testing temperature of -70<SUP>o</SUP>C, a complicated phase transformation with four stages of micromechanical deformation was identified which is associated with changes of martensite substructures. At room temperature of 25<SUP>o</SUP>C, there was no stress-induced selection process of variants of B19' phases observed. Whereas at a testing temperature of 150<SUP>o</SUP>C, there was no any phase transformation observed. It is verified that β-Nb phase, an effective stabilizer for the austenite, delays the process of martensitic transformation and relaxes the strain energy without strengthening the matrix. This new finding is important to understand the relationship between the micromechanical deformation behavior and phase transformations in the Ni<SUB>47</SUB>Ti<SUB>44</SUB>Nb<SUB>9</SUB> SMA.
Fu, Z.,Yang, H.K.,Moon, B.K.,Choi, B.C.,Jeong, J.H. Elsevier 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.2
La<SUB>2</SUB>Sn<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>7</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> nanospheres were prepared by a hydrothermal synthesis method. Well-crystallized and phase-pure La<SUB>2</SUB>Sn<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>7</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> solid nanospheres ∼400nm in size can be readily obtained after calcination at 900<SUP>o</SUP>C, a temperature much lower than that of the conventional solid-state method. The prepared samples were systematically characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescence excitation spectra (PLE). Furthermore, PL results for the Eu<SUP>3+</SUP>-doped La<SUB>2</SUB>Sn<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>7</SUB> nanospheres show that the material displays intense and prevailing emission at 585nm belonging to the <SUP>5</SUP>D<SUB>0</SUB>-<SUP>7</SUP>F<SUB>1</SUB> magnetic dipole transition.
Structural Characterization of anocrystalline TiO2 and TiO2 : SiO2 Powders and Thin Films at 35 ±C
C. Liu,J. B. Wang,M. Kiuchi,Q. Fu,T. Mihara,W. K. Zhao,Y. L. Fang 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.46 No.1
We report on the preparation and characterization of TiO2 and mixed TiO2:SiO2 powders and thin ¯lms by using liquid phase deposition at 35 ±C. TiO2 and TiO2:SiO2 powders and thin ¯lms have been formed by the chemical equilibrium reaction between titanium °uoro-complex ions and metal oxide. The eect of the deposition conditions on the structural properties was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, step pro¯lometertransmission-electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic-force microscopy. The results show that transparent and photoac-tive TiO2 nanocrystalline thin ¯lms can be prepared at 35 ±C. The incorporation of an appropriate amount of SiO2 into TiO2 nanocrystalline thin ¯lms can improve the photocatalytic activity. The possible mechanism is discussed.
Lin, C.,Yang, L.,Tanasa, B.,Hutt, K.,Ju, B.g.,Ohgi, K.A.,Zhang, J.,Rose, D.W.,Fu, X.D.,Glass, C.K.,Rosenfeld, M.G. Cell Press ; MIT Press 2009 Cell Vol.139 No.6
Chromosomal translocations are a hallmark of leukemia/lymphoma and also appear in solid tumors, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. By establishing a cellular model that mimics the relative frequency of authentic translocation events without proliferation selection, we report mechanisms of nuclear receptor-dependent tumor translocations. Intronic binding of liganded androgen receptor (AR) first juxtaposes translocation loci by triggering intra- and interchromosomal interactions. AR then promotes site-specific DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) at translocation loci by recruiting two types of enzymatic activities induced by genotoxic stress and liganded AR, including activation-induced cytidine deaminase and the LINE-1 repeat-encoded ORF2 endonuclease. These enzymes synergistically generate site-selective DSBs at juxtaposed translocation loci that are ligated by nonhomologous end joining pathway for specific translocations. Our data suggest that the confluence of two parallel pathways initiated by liganded nuclear receptor and genotoxic stress underlies nonrandom tumor translocations, which may function in many types of tumors and pathological processes.
Tsay, S.C.,Hsu, N.C.,Lau, W.K.M.,Li, C.,Gabriel, P.M.,Ji, Q.,Holben, B.N.,Judd Welton, E.,Nguyen, A.X.,Janjai, S.,Lin, N.H.,Reid, J.S.,Boonjawat, J.,Howell, S.G.,Huebert, B.J.,Fu, J.S.,Hansell, R.A.,S Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2013 Atmospheric environment Vol.78 No.-
In this paper, we present recent field studies conducted by NASA's SMART-COMMIT (and ACHIEVE, to be operated in 2013) mobile laboratories, jointly with distributed ground-based networks (e.g., AERONET, http://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov/ and MPLNET, http://mplnet.gsfc.nasa.gov/) and other contributing instruments over northern Southeast Asia. These three mobile laboratories, collectively called SMARTLabs (cf. http://smartlabs.gsfc.nasa.gov/, Surface-based Mobile Atmospheric Research &Testbed Laboratories) comprise a suite of surface remote sensing and in-situ instruments that are pivotal in providing high spectral and temporal measurements, complementing the collocated spatial observations from various Earth Observing System (EOS) satellites. A satellite-surface perspective and scientific findings, drawn from the BASE-ASIA (2006) field deployment as well as a series of ongoing 7-SEAS (2010-13) field activities over northern Southeast Asia are summarized, concerning (i) regional properties of aerosols from satellite and in-situ measurements, (ii) cloud properties from remote sensing and surface observations, (iii) vertical distribution of aerosols and clouds, and (iv) regional aerosol radiative effects and impact assessment. The aerosol burden over Southeast Asia in boreal spring, attributed to biomass burning, exhibits highly consistent spatial and temporal distribution patterns, with major variability arising from changes in the magnitude of the aerosol loading mediated by processes ranging from large-scale climate factors to diurnal meteorological events. Downwind from the source regions, the tightly coupled-aerosol-cloud system provides a unique, natural laboratory for further exploring the micro- and macro-scale relationships of the complex interactions. The climatic significance is presented through large-scale anti-correlations between aerosol and precipitation anomalies, showing spatial and seasonal variability, but their precise cause-and-effect relationships remain an open-ended question. To facilitate an improved understanding of the regional aerosol radiative effects, which continue to be one of the largest uncertainties in climate forcing, a joint international effort is required and anticipated to commence in springtime 2013 in northern Southeast Asia.
Li, H.,Sun, G.,Woo, W.,Gong, J.,Chen, B.,Wang, Y.,Fu, Y.Q.,Huang, C.,Xie, L.,Peng, S. North Holland Pub. Co 2014 JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS Vol.446 No.1
Tensile stress-strain relationship of a rolled Zircaloy-4 (Zr-4) plate was examined in situ using a neutron diffraction method at room temperature (RT, 25<SUP>o</SUP>C) and an elevated temperature (250<SUP>o</SUP>C). Variations of lattice strains were obtained as a function of macroscopic bulk strains along prismatic (101@?0), basal (0002) and pyramidal (101@?1) planes in the hexagonal close-packed structure of the Zr-4. The mechanisms of strain responses in these three major planes were simulated using elastic-plastic self-consistent (EPSC) model based on Hill-Hutchinson method, thus the inter-granular stresses and deformation systems of each individual grain under loading were obtained. Results show that there is a good agreement between the EPSC modeling and neutron diffraction measurements in terms of macroscopic stress-strain relationship and lattice strain evolutions of the planes at RT. However, there is a slight discrepancy in the lattice strains obtained from the EPSC modeling and neutron diffraction when the specimen was deformed at 250<SUP>o</SUP>C. Analysis of grain structure and texture obtained using electron back-scattered diffraction suggests that dynamic recovery process is significant during the tensile deformation at the elevated temperature, which was not considered in the simulation.
Fu, Z.,Yang, H.K.,Moon, B.K.,Choi, B.C.,Jeong, J.H. Elsevier 2009 CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS Vol.9 No.6
Zn<SUB>2</SUB>SnO<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> nanocrystals were one-step synthesized by hydrothermal method for the first time. All the products were systematically characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron probe X-ray microanalyzer (EPMA), photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescent excitation (PLE). The characteristic peak of Eu<SUP>3+</SUP>-doped in Zn<SUB>2</SUB>SnO<SUB>4</SUB> nanocrystals was also detected. The luminescent properties of blank and Eu<SUP>3+</SUP>-doped Zn<SUB>2</SUB>SnO<SUB>4</SUB> nanocrystals were reported.
Association of a functional IRF7 variant with systemic lupus erythematosus
Fu, Qiong,Zhao, Jian,Qian, XiaoXia,Wong, Jonathan L. H.,Kaufman, Kenneth M.,Yu, C. Yung,Mok, Mo Yin,Harley, John B.,Guthridge, Joel M.,Song, Yeong Wook,Cho, Soo-Kyung,Bae, Sang-Cheol,Grossman, Jennife Wiley (John WileySons) 2011 Vol.63 No.3
<P>A previous genome-wide association study conducted in a population of European ancestry identified rs4963128, a KIAA1542 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 23 kb telomeric to IRF7 (the gene for interferon regulatory factor 7 [IRF-7]), to be strongly associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study was undertaken to investigate whether genetic polymorphism within IRF7 is a risk factor for the development of SLE.</P>
Studies of the growth method and properties of AlN grown by RF-MBE
B. Liu,Q. M. Fu,K. M. Wu,C. Liu 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.52 No.-
Two growth methods have been used to grow AlN films at 785℃ on (0001) sapphire substrates by radio-frequency-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy. The morphological and structural properties of the AlN films grown with and without low-temperature interlayers were studied by atomic force microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. It is found that the crystalline quality of the AlN films with interlayers is higher than that without interlayers. The low-temperature interlayers can decrease the threading dislocations of AlN film. Two growth methods have been used to grow AlN films at 785℃ on (0001) sapphire substrates by radio-frequency-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy. The morphological and structural properties of the AlN films grown with and without low-temperature interlayers were studied by atomic force microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. It is found that the crystalline quality of the AlN films with interlayers is higher than that without interlayers. The low-temperature interlayers can decrease the threading dislocations of AlN film.