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Bressler, S.,Flacke, T.,Kats, Y.,Lee, S.J.,Perez, G. North-Holland Pub. Co 2016 Physics letters. Section B Vol.756 No.-
Hadrons have finite interaction size with dense material, a basic feature common to known forms of hadronic calorimeters (HCAL). We argue that substructure variables cannot use HCAL information to access the microscopic nature of jets much narrower than the hadronic shower size, which we call superboosted massive jets. It implies that roughly 15% of their transverse energy profile remains inaccessible due to the presence of long-lived neutral hadrons. This part of the jet substructure is also subject to order-one fluctuations. We demonstrate that the effects of the fluctuations are not reduced when a global correction to jet variables is applied. The above leads to fundamental limitations in the ability to extract intrinsic information from jets in the superboosted regime. The neutral fraction of a jet is correlated with its flavor. This leads to an interesting and possibly useful difference between superboosted W/Z/h/t jets and their corresponding backgrounds. The QCD jets that form the background to the signal superboosted jets might also be qualitatively different in their substructure as their mass might lie at or below the Sudakov mass peak. Finally, we introduce a set of zero-cone longitudinal jet substructure variables and show that while they carry information that might be useful in certain situations, they are not in general sensitive to the jet substructure.
Lemke, Henrik T.,Bressler, Christian,Chen, Lin X.,Fritz, David M.,Gaffney, Kelly J.,Galler, Andreas,Gawelda, Wojciech,Haldrup, Kristoffer,Hartsock, Robert W.,Ihee, Hyotcherl,Kim, Jeongho,Kim, Kyung Hw American Chemical Society 2013 The journal of physical chemistry. A, Molecules, s Vol.117 No.4
<P>X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) deliver short (<100 fs) and intense (∼10<SUP>12</SUP> photons) pulses of hard X-rays, making them excellent sources for time-resolved studies. Here we show that, despite the inherent instabilities of current (SASE based) XFELs, they can be used for measuring high-quality X-ray absorption data and we report femtosecond time-resolved X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) measurements of a spin-crossover system, iron(II) tris(2,2′-bipyridine) in water. The data indicate that the low-spin to high-spin transition can be modeled by single-exponential kinetics convoluted with the overall time resolution. The resulting time constant is ∼160 fs.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpcafh/2013/jpcafh.2013.117.issue-4/jp312559h/production/images/medium/jp-2012-12559h_0008.gif'></P>
Yuko Ikeda,Archana Parashar,David C. Bressler 한국생물공학회 2014 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.19 No.4
Efficient biological degradation of lignocellulosicbiomass is a key step towards developing sustainablebiorefineries. One potential approach to improve processefficiency is the use of enzyme immobilization to facilitatereuse of the enzymes. Two different commercial cellulasecontaining enzyme preparations, termed Cellulases 1 (C1)and Cellulases 2 (C2) for the purposes of this manuscript,were separately immobilized on non-porous silica (S1) andporous silica (S2). The effect of pH, ionic strength andenzyme loading on enzyme stability and activity were allinvestigated. Immobilized cellulases on S1 showed equivalentenzyme activity as free cellulases, and those on S2 retained60% enzyme activity. Dissociation of the cellulases fromthe support after immobilization and during hydrolysis wasfound to be minimal, suggesting strong enzyme-supportinteractions. Further, Scanning Electron Microscopy imagesrevealed that S1 and S2 containing immobilized cellulasesdifferentially interact with cellulose, which likely contributesto the observed differences in hydrolysis.