Paleostress of the Joseon and Pyeongan Supergroups in South Korea using the New Calcite Strain Gauge (NCSG)

( Bo An Jang ),( Chin Surk Ko ),( Jung Han Kim ),( Cheong Bin Kim ),( Seong Seung Kang2 ) 대한지질공학회 2014 지질공학 Vol.24 No.3

Limestone bodies under the tectonic environment have experienced various tectonic processes, and also changed the stress state. In this study, calcite twins found in limestones of the Joseon Supergroup and Pyeongan Supergroup in the northeastern part of the Ogcheon Belt, South Korea were measured, then the paleostress (i.e., the maximum shortening axis) was reconstructed using the new calcite strain gauge (NCSG) technique. The average twin thickness and average twin intensity increase as the total twin strain increases. We utilize the appearance of twins, the average twin thickness and average twin intensity, and the total twin strain to estimate that the observed calcite twins were produced at temperatures of < 200oC in the Joseon Supergroup and 170oC in the Pyeongan Supergroup. In the Joseon Supergroup, the dominant direction of the maximum shortening axis WNW-ESE to NW-SE; NE-SW shortening is also observed. The maximum shortening axes in the Pyeongan Supergroup are oriented NW-SE and NE-SW. The NE-SW direction of maximum shortening is associated with the occurrence of the Songrim orogeny of the Paleozoic to Early Jurassic, and the NW-SE direction of maximum shortening correlates to the Daebo orogeny of the Early Jurassic to Late Jurassic. It is thus concluded that the paleostress across the study area changed from NE-SW to NW-SE during the Mesozoic.

Changes in hippocalcin expression in cortical neurons and glial cells by epigallocatechin gallate administration in an animal model of stroke

Ju-Bin Kang(Ju-Bin Kang),Dong-Ju Park(Dong-Ju Park),Jae-You Kim(Jae-You Kim),Hyeun-Gyoung(Hyeun-Gyoung ),Phil-Ok Koh(Phil-Ok Koh) 한국예방수의학회 2023 예방수의학회지 Vol.47 No.2

Ischemic stroke causes brain damage and neuronal cell death by depriving oxygen and nutrients and releasing excessive levels of glutamate and intracellular calcium. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a polyphenolic compound present in green tea. It has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. Hippocalcin is a calcium binding protein that regulates calcium concentration, neuronal differentiation, neuronal excitability, and neuronal cell death. In this study, we investigated whether EGCG regulates the expression of hippocalcin in neurons and astrocytes after focal cerebral ischemia. Cerebral ischemia was induced by meddle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). EGCG (50 mg/kg) or PBS was injected into the abdominal cavity just before MCAO surgery. Neurobehavioral tests were performed to evaluate the effect of EGCG on neurological behavioral deficits 24 h after MCAO surgery. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to evaluate the positive response to hippocalcin in the cerebral cortex after MCAO surgery. We also detected the positive reactions of neuronal nuclear protein (NeuN) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) as markers of neuron and astrocyte, respectively. MCAO caused severe neurological impairment and EGCG treatment attenuated these impairments. MCAO damage reduced the number of NeuN-positive cells and increased the number of GFAP-positive cells. This result indicates a decrease in neurons and an increase in astrocytes. However, EGCG alleviated these changes caused by MCAO damage. MCAO reduced the number of hippocalcin-positive cells in neurons and astrocytes, and EGCG treatment attenuated these reductions. Hippocalcin exerts neuroprotective effect through regulating intracellular calcium concentration. In conclusion, EGCG regulates the expression of hippocalcin in neurons and astrocytes and has neuroprotective effects in focal cerebral ischemia.

「리베르만」 論爭과 實際

Bin-Gou Kang(姜濱口) 서울대학교 경제연구소 1966 經濟論集 Vol.5 No.1

I. Introduction The idea has been accepted for a long time that profit is what keeps going capitalist enterprises and economy. Under capitalism, therefore, the pursuit of maximum profit seems to be its aim without preestablishing any kind of coordination with or program for the whole of society. This kind of reasoning remains true, even if one favours the theory of the purpose of enterprise that has been developed in recent years, the most outstanding scholar in this field being P. F. Drucker, who refuses maximization of profit as the purpose of enterprise by replacing it by "adequate profit" as the first responsibility towards society. In the same way the emerging of managerial society does not oppose the above reasoning either, because the parts played by the capitalist so far will only be taken over by the managers of industrial enterprises. For these reasons it is astonishing that the notion of profit, characteristic of capitalist society, is being introduced into the socialist economy of USSR. The association of the terms of "profit" and "communism" has, at first glance, a shocking effect. The introduction of profit has come about after a series of discussions, the contents of which have been called Libermanism. Liberman, professor at the University of Kharkov, becomes the exponent of new theories in 1962 and after the personal changes at the Kremlin, the discussions of Libermanism are led with more fervour while experiments with a number of his new ideas are being carried through. We have, therefore, reasons to ask: Are the USSR going to let themselves inspire by capitalism and are they trying to adopt profit as a motor for social production ? Does this mean a confession of failure concerning economic planning practised until now ? Reality is less spectacular: there is no economic revolution in the USSR. The experiments carried out now are rather meant to improve planning than to undermine its foundations. If profit is being introduced into this system its function is very different from that in capitalism. II. Evaluation of P. F. Drucker's Theory of Profit P. F. Drucker thinks that his theory about profit and profitability may be applied regardless of any difference in economic or social systems. Thus, according to him, "profit figures are the only thing the management has to go by when it makes his decisions-in a collectivist and planned as well as in a free-enterprise economy. They are inevitably the first yardstick and gauge of performance." And "profitability operates as much under collectivism as under individualism, under government control and government ownership as in a free-enterprise system." The validity of this indiscriminating application is dubious. Profit under socialism, admitted and considered necessary already by Lenin, is clearly subordinated to the principle of planned national economy. The fact that all enterprises in the USSR are nationalized makes profit outside planned economy impossible. And therefore the fulfilment of the plan is "the first yardstick and gauge of performance." Consequently, profit, being "a necessity of survival" to the enterprise for Drucker, need not be so under socialism. The enterprise or its survival does not depend on the profit it makes but rather on the decision of a state which may even close down a profitable enterprise if it is thought necessary. Moreover, there may be enterprises operating with a deficit foreseen in the plan. Under the planned economy therefore, profit is not "the first social responsibility as well as its first duty toward itself and its workers." Drucker further defines profit as "the risk premium that covers the costs of staying in business-replacement, obsolescence, market risk and uncertainty," and that "profit insures the supply of future capital for innovation and expansion." But if an enterprise estimated as important within the plan should not have made the profit estimated in the plan itself, the state will take over the ri

Estimation of pitch angle diffusion rates and precipitation time scales of electrons due to EMIC waves in a realistic field model : PITCH ANGLE DIFFUSION DUE TO EMIC WAVES

Kang, Suk-Bin,Min, Kyoung-Wook,Fok, Mei-Ching,Hwang, Junga,Choi, Cheong-Rim American Geophysical Union 2015 JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SPACE PHYSICS Vol.120 No.10

Delphinidin induces apoptosis and inhibits epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition via the ERK/p38 MAPK‐signaling pathway in human osteosarcoma cell lines

Kang, Hae‐,Mi,Park, Bong‐,Soo,Kang, Hyun‐,Kyung,Park, Hae‐,Ryoun,Yu, Su‐,Bin,Kim, In‐,Ryoung John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018 Environmental toxicology Vol.33 No.6

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Delphinidin is major anthocyanidin that is extracted from many pigmented fruits and vegetables. This substance has anti‐oxidant, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐angiogenic, and anti‐cancer properties. In addition, delphinidin strongly suppresses the migration and invasion of various cancer cells during tumorigenesis. Although delphinidin has anti‐cancer effects, little is known about its functional roles in osteosarcoma (OS). For these reasons, we have demonstrated the effects of delphinidin on OS cell lines. The effects of delphinidin on cell viability and growth of OS cells were assessed using the MTT assay and colony formation assays. Hoechst staining indicated that the delphinidin‐treated OS cells were undergoing apoptosis. Flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, and a western blot analysis also indicated evidence of apoptosis. Inhibition of cell migration and invasion was found to be associated with epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), observed by using a wound healing assay, an invasion assay, and a western blot analysis. Furthermore, delphinidin treatment resulted in a profound reduction of phosphorylated forms of ERK and p38. These findings demonstrate that delphinidin treatment suppressed EMT through the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in OS cell lines. Taken together, our results suggest that delphinidin strongly inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis. Delphinidin treatment also suppresses cell migration and prevents EMT via the MAPK‐signaling pathway in OS cell lines. For these reasons, delphinidin has anti‐cancer effects and can suppress metastasis in OS cell lines, and it might be worth using as an OS therapeutic agent.</P>

Study on Soy Isoflavone Consumption and Risk of Breast Cancer and Survival

Kang, Hong-Bin,Zhang, Ya-Feng,Yang, Jin-Dun,Lu, Kuan-Liang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.3

Aim: Isoflavones in soy foods are part of a larger class of flayonoid compounds that have have been demonstrated to be potent dietary anti-cancer agents, and the effect of soy intake on the survival of ovarian cancer is conflicting. Therefore, we aimed to explore the whether soy intake is related to the risk of death of breast cancer. Methods: A prospective study was conducted. A total of 256 patients included in this study had breast cancer and were recruited between January 2004 and January 2006. All of them were followed up from since January 2011. A univariate Cox's regression analysis was used to assess the association between soy intake and survival. Results: The education level, menopausal status, ER/PR status and TNM stage were significant difference in the survival of breast cancer. The highest soy isoflavone was associated with a decreased death risk of breast cancer (OR=0.25, 95% CI=0.09-0.54). Moreover, the higher consumption of soy protein also presented a trend decreased breast cancer risk, and the highest consumption significantly reduced the cancer risk compared with the lowest consumption (OR=0.38, 95% CI=0.17-0.86). Conclusion: The present study suggests soy intake is associated with a significant reduced death risk of breast cancer in Chinese population. Further large sample studies are warranted to confirm the inverse association of soy consumption and breast cancer survival by menopausal status.

High-performance bipolar host materials for blue TADF devices with excellent external quantum efficiencies

Kang, J.,Hong, T.,Kim, H.,Son, Y.,Lampande, R.,Kang, B.,Lee, C.,Bin, J. K.,Lee, B.,Yang, J. Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Journal of materials chemistry. C, Materials for o Vol.4 No.20

<P>New bipolar host molecules composed of carbazole, pyridoindole, and dibenzothiophene (DBT) were synthesized for blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF)-based organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). 2,8-Di(9H-carbazol-9-yl) dibenzo[b,d]thiophene, 9-(8-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-2yl)-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole, and 2,8-bis(9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indol-9-yl)dibenzo[b,d]thiophene were prepared based on the selective reactivity at the 2,8-positions of DBT. The new symmetric and asymmetric host materials exhibited high triplet energies (2.89-2.95 eV). 4,5-Di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phthalonitrile (2CzPN) was selected as an emitting dopant for achieving sky-blue emissions in TADF-OLEDs. 2CzPN-doped TADF-OLEDs, whose configuration is ITO (50 nm)/HATCN (7 nm)/TAPC (75 nm)/host:6% 2CzPN (20 nm)/TmPyPB (50 nm)/LiF (15 nm)/Al (100 nm), showed low driving voltages and high external quantum efficiencies (EQEs). These results are attributed to the well-controlled bipolar character of the host giving a better charge balance in the emitting layer. In particular, the device containing ZDN: 6% 2CzPN showed an unprecedentedly high EQE of 25.7% (at 0.074 mA cm(-2)).</P>

Characterization of Single Stranded Telomeric DNA-binding Proteins in Cultured Soybean (Glycine max) Cells

Bin Goo Kang,권지안,권기상,정인권,김순영,조면행 한국분자세포생물학회 2004 Molecules and cells Vol.17 No.3

Urban Form as Product or as Resource : On some methodological problems in the study of urban morphology

Kang,Hong-Bin 서울大學校 環境大學院 1982 環境論叢 Vol.10 No.-

As a way of examining the theoretical basis for the study of urban morphology, we have so far dicussed some problems associated with the notion of the physical environment. We have seen that two tenets characterize the approaches to urban morphological investigation : a dualist schema that sees man and the environment as disjunct categories; and the assignment of causal prioity to one of these two categories. We have noted a determinist characteristic in the assignment of priorities, whether the orientation is culturalist, or environmentalist. Between these two forms of determinism culturalist has been seen to be the more dominant. I have argued that this orientation is not only methodologically simplistic but also heuristically unproductive. As an alternative, I have proposed to approach the physical environment as a resource, an autonomous entity having a causal yet nondeterministic role relative to human aspects of the city. It has been suggested that basic aspects of the physical environment as resource are the thesis that it is internally organized, and that this organization is hierarchical. How this level structure is constituted and functions is a task for further enquiry, but the notion has far reaching potential for methodology, for historiography and for design. From this point of view, the task of morphological study is to examine ways in which the physical elements interact with one another both within and between levels in the hierarchy, and to explore how the hierarchy as a whole affects the way the city changes and is used by its inhabitants. Seen from this point of view, design is primarily the definition of the organization of the physical environment, rather than either making a comprehensive or unitary product or offering cultural commentary.

Coin Drop Simulation based on Smoothed Particles Hydrodynamics

Kang, Han-bin,Pack, In-seok,Song, Ju-han,Lee, Dong-ug,Park, Min-hyeok,Lee, Seok-soon The Society for Aerospace System Engineering 2013 항공우주시스템공학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH) method uses a grid of historical analysis and is not Lagrangian particles using the grid method. The Navier-Stokes equations were used to solve the viscous flow of the non-compressed. In this study, the numerical analysis of the three-dimensional Coin Drop Simulation using SPH method was performed, and the analysis results are compared with experimental results, and a similar behavior can be seen. The commercial program used was Abaqus/Explicit. SPH method to reduce the error by comparing the existing flow analysis or interpretation of the continuing research is needed in the future. That will enable real-time analysis of material obtained as a result of these numerical simulations similar to the actual flow phenomena, depending on the development of computer graphics technology to show visually. As a result, this method can be applied to the analysis fluid - structure interaction problems in a variety of fields.