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Balamuralikrishnan, Balasubramanian,Balachandar, Vellingiri,Kumar, Shanmugam Suresh,Stalin, Nattan,Varsha, Prakash,Devi, Subramaniam Mohana,Arun, Meyyazhagan,Manikantan, Pappuswamy,Venkatesan, Chinnak Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.6
Extremely low frequency electro magnetic fields (EMFs) have been classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. An increased number of chromosomal alterations in peripheral lymphocytes are correlated with elevated incidence of cancer. The aim of the present study was to assess occupationally induced chromosomal damage in EMF workers exposed to low levels of radiation. We used conventional metaphase chromosome aberration (CA) analysis and the micronucleus (MN) assay as biological indicators of non ionizing radiation exposure. In the present study totally 70 subjects were selected including 50 exposed and 20 controls. Informed written consent was obtained from all participants and the study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the approval of the local ethical committee. A higher degree of CA and MN was observed in exposed subjects compared to controls, the frequency of CA being significantly enhanced with long years of exposure (P<0.05). Moreover increase in CA and MN with age was noted in both exposed subjects and controls, but was significantly greater in the former. The results of this study demonstrated that a significant induction of cytogenetic damage in peripheral lymphocytes of workers occupationally exposed to EMFs in electric transformer and distribution stations. In conclusion, our findings suggest that EMFs possess genotoxic capability, as measured by CA and MN assays; CA analysis appeared more sensitive than other cytogenetic end-points. It can be concluded that chronic occupational exposure to EMFs may lead to an increased risk of genetic damage among electrical workers.
Subin Serpunja,Balamuralikrishnan Balasubrama,In Ho Kim 한국가금학회 2017 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.44 No.2
The purpose of our study was to determine the effects of varying levels of energy, protein, and amino acids on the performances of laying hens. A total of 240 Hy-Line Brown laying hens at 36 weeks of age were used in this 4-week feeding trial. The hens were randomly allocated to five treatment diets, with eight replications of six hens in each replicate cage. The treatment diets were as follows: A- basal diet + 18% crude protein, metabolizable energy 2,800 kcal, total (methionine + cysteine) 0.65%; B- basal diet + 17% crude protein, metabolizable energy 2,700 kcal, total (methionine + cysteine) 0.59%; C- basal diet + 16.5% crude protein, metabolizable energy 2,700 kcal, total (methionine + cysteine) 0.59%; D- basal diet + 16.5% crude protein, metabolizable energy 2,700 kcal, total (methionine + cysteine) 0.54%; and E- basal diet + 16% crude protein, metabolizable energy 2,680 kcal, total (methionine + cysteine) 0.54%. The study results revealed that the hen-day egg production of hens that were fed with low-energy diets (B, C, and D) was comparable with that of hens fed with high-energy diet A, whereas average daily feed intake in hens fed treatment diet D and E was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that in hens fed treatment diet A. Overall, the eggshell thickness was unaffected by any of the treatment diets. Egg weight was comparable among the treatment diets, except for treatment diet E. Haugh unit improved with decreasing levels of dietary energy, protein, and methionine + cysteine in the diet. We can summarize that laying hens fed with low dietary energy and low crude protein treatment diets B, C, and D had satisfactory performance compared with those fed with high-energy treatment diet A. This indicates that there is the potential to reduce feed costs by formulating diets with lower energy and low protein levels.
( Neeraja Recharla ),( Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian ),( Minho Song ),( Pradeep Puligundla ),( Soo-ki Kim ),( Jin Young Jeong ),( Sungkwon Park ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2021 한국축산학회지 Vol.63 No.3
In livestock nutrition, natural feed additives are gaining increased attention as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters to improve animal performance. This study investigated the effects of dietary turmeric supplementation on the growth performance and gut health of weaned piglets. A total of 48 weaned piglets (Duroc × [Landrace × Yorkshire]) were used in a 6-week feeding trial. All piglets were allotted to two dietary treatments: corn-soybean meal basal diet without turmeric (control) and with 1% weight per weight (w/w) turmeric powder (turmeric). The results showed that dietary inclusion of turmeric with the basal diet improved final body weight and total average daily gain (p < 0.05). The concentrations of short-chain fatty acids in the fecal samples, including acetic, butyric, and propionic acids, were higher in the turmeric group (p < 0.05). The villus height-to-crypt depth ratio was higher in the ileum of turmeric-fed piglets (p = 0.04). The 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal microbiota indicated that, at the phylum level, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the most predominant taxa in all fecal samples. Bacteroidetes were significantly decreased in the turmeric group compared to the control group (p = 0.021). At the genus level, turmeric showed a decreased abundance of Prevotella (p = 0.021) and an increasing trend of Lactobacillus (p = 0.083). Among the total detected species, nine bacterial species showed significant differences between the two groups. The results of this study indicated that turmeric altered the gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid production. This suggests that turmeric could be used as a potential alternative growth promoter for piglets.
Lee, Kwang Yong,Balasubramanian, Balamuralikrishnan,Kim, Jong Keun,Kim, In Ho Elsevier 2018 Animal feed science and technology Vol.235 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The study investigated the effects of dietary inclusion of xylanase on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM), nitrogen (N), gross energy (GE), apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of nutrients and amino acids, and faecal and ileal microflora counts in twelve cannulated growing pigs fed corn-soybean meal based diet. Pigs with a body weight of 24.32±1.77kg were surgically equipped with T-cannulas and randomly allotted to one of four dietary treatments (basal diet supplemented with 0, 450, 900, and 1800 of xylanase U/kg) for a 21-days trial period. Dietary inclusion of xylanase significantly improved daily gain and tended to improve gain: feed ratio (P=0.048; 0.089, respectively). It also improved AID of DM, N, and GE (P=0.042; 0.084; and 0.093, respectively). The AID of histidine and glutamic acid were significantly improved by xylanase supplementation (P=0.015 and 0.021) while the AID of lysine, methionine and threonine tended to be improved (P=0.097; 0.082; and 0.086, respectively). Xylanse supplementation also increased counts of faecal and ileal <I>Lactobacillus</I> (P=0.036 and 0.048, respectively) and reduced counts of faecal and ileal <I>E. coli</I> (P=0.007 and 0.071, respectively). In conclusion, dietary inclusion of xylanase improved growth performance, AID of nutrients and amino acids and had beneficial effects on faecal and ileal microflora, increasing <I>Lactobacillus</I> and reducing <I>E. coli</I> counts in pigs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Dietary inclusion of xylanase improved growth performance and nutrient digestibility. </LI> <LI> Dietary inclusion of xylanase improved ileal digestibility of amino acids. </LI> <LI> Xylanase supplementation increased ileal and faecal <I>Lactobacillus</I> counts. </LI> <LI> Xylanase supplementation reduced <I>E. coli</I> counts. </LI> </UL> </P>
Serpunja, Subin,Balasubramanian, Balamuralikrishnan,Kim, In Ho The Korean Society of Poultry Science 2017 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.44 No.2
The purpose of our study was to determine the effects of varying levels of energy, protein, and amino acids on the performances of laying hens. A total of 240 Hy-Line Brown laying hens at 36 weeks of age were used in this 4-week feeding trial. The hens were randomly allocated to five treatment diets, with eight replications of six hens in each replicate cage. The treatment diets were as follows: A- basal diet + 18% crude protein, metabolizable energy 2,800 kcal, total (methionine + cysteine) 0.65%; B- basal diet + 17% crude protein, metabolizable energy 2,700 kcal, total (methionine + cysteine) 0.59%; C- basal diet + 16.5% crude protein, metabolizable energy 2,700 kcal, total (methionine + cysteine) 0.59%; D- basal diet + 16.5% crude protein, metabolizable energy 2,700 kcal, total (methionine + cysteine) 0.54%; and E- basal diet + 16% crude protein, metabolizable energy 2,680 kcal, total (methionine + cysteine) 0.54%. The study results revealed that the hen-day egg production of hens that were fed with low-energy diets (B, C, and D) was comparable with that of hens fed with high-energy diet A, whereas average daily feed intake in hens fed treatment diet D and E was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that in hens fed treatment diet A. Overall, the eggshell thickness was unaffected by any of the treatment diets. Egg weight was comparable among the treatment diets, except for treatment diet E. Haugh unit improved with decreasing levels of dietary energy, protein, and methionine + cysteine in the diet. We can summarize that laying hens fed with low dietary energy and low crude protein treatment diets B, C, and D had satisfactory performance compared with those fed with high-energy treatment diet A. This indicates that there is the potential to reduce feed costs by formulating diets with lower energy and low protein levels.