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Atsushi Masuda,Minoru Akitomi,Masanao Inoue,Keizo Okuwaki,Atsuo Okugawa,Kiyoshi Ueno,Toshiharu Yamazaki,Kohjiro Hara 한국물리학회 2016 Current Applied Physics Vol.16 No.12
Processes for potential-induced degradation (PID) and recovery phenomena were characterized using ptype multicrystalline Si photovoltaic modules and by PID test method using Al plate. Very severe PID phenomena accompanied with a drastic reduction in both open-circuit voltage and shunt resistance were observed within only several hours. It was found that PID phenomena are strongly accelerated at higher temperature and under higher negative-voltage application, on the other hand, PID phenomena do not necessarily require high humidity in this test method using Al plate. Na diffusion from the cover glass to the Si cell was observed after PID test. Recovery process from PID was also observed by applying positive voltage. However, complete recovery of photovoltaic performances was observed at room temperature in the dark without positive-voltage application for test modules with PID although recovery process requires a few hundred days.
Mizukoshi, Tomoaki,Watanabe, Kenichi,Yamazaki, Atsushi,Uritan, Akira,Iguchi, Tetsuo,Ogata, Tomohiro,Muramatsu, Takashi The Korean Association for Radiation Protection 2016 방사선방어학회지 Vol.41 No.3
Background: In order to measure neutron energy spectra, the conventional Bonner Sphere Spectrometers (BSS) are widely used. In this spectrometer, several measurements with different size Bonner spheres are required. Operators should, therefore, place these spheres in several times to a measurement point where radiation dose might be relatively high. In order to reduce this effort, novel neutron energy spectrometer using an onion-like single Bonner sphere was proposed in our group. This Bonner sphere has multiple sensitive spherical shell layers in the single sphere. In this spectrometer, a band-shaped thermal neutron detection medium, which consists of a LiF-ZnS mixed powder scintillator sheet and a wavelength-shifting (WLS) fiber readout, was looped to each sphere at equal angular intervals. Amount of LiF neutron converter is reduced near polar region, where the band-shaped detectors are concentrated, in order to uniform the directional sensitivity. The LiF-ZnS mixed powder has an advantage of extremely high light yield. However, since it is opaque, scintillation photons cannot be collect uniformly. This type of detector shows no characteristic shape in the pulse height spectrum. Subsequently, it is difficult to set the pulse height discrimination level. This issue causes sensitivity fluctuation due to gain instability of photodetectors and/or electric modules. Materials and Methods: In order to solve this problem, we propose to replace the LiF-ZnS mixed powder into a flexible and Transparent RUbber SheeT type $LiCaAlF_6$ (TRUST LiCAF) scintillator. TRUST LiCAF scintillator can show a peak shape corresponding to neutron absorption events in the pulse height spectrum. Results and Discussion: We fabricated the prototype detector with five sensitive layers using TRUST LiCAF scintillator and conducted basic experiments to evaluate the directional uniformity of the sensitivity. Conclusion: The fabricated detector shows excellent directional uniformity of the neutron sensitivity.
Hirata, Yuho,Watanabe, Kenichi,Uritani, Akira,Yamazaki, Atsushi,Koba, Yusuke,Matsufuji, Naruhiro The Korean Association for Radiation Protection 2016 방사선방어학회지 Vol.41 No.3
Background: We are developing a small size dosimeter for dose estimation in particle therapies. The developed dosimeter is an optical fiber based dosimeter mounting an radiation induced luminescence material, such as an OSL or a scintillator, at a tip. These materials generally suffer from the quenching effect under high LET particle irradiation. Materials and Methods: We fabricated two types of the small size dosimeters. They used an OSL material Eu:BaFBr and a BGO scintillator. Carbon ions were irradiated into the fabricated dosimeters at Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC). The small size dosimeters were set behind the water equivalent acrylic phantom. Bragg peak was observed by changing the phantom thickness. An ion chamber was also placed near the small size dosimeters as a reference. Results and Discussion: Eu:BaFBr and BGO dosimeters showed a Bragg peak at the same thickness as the ion chamber. Under high LET particle irradiation, the response of the luminescence-based small size dosimeters deteriorated compared with that of the ion chamber due to the quenching effect. We confirmed the luminescence efficiency of Eu:BaFBr and BGO decrease with the LET. The reduction coefficient of luminescence efficiency was different between the BGO and the Eu:BaFBr. The LET can be determined from the luminescence ratio between Eu:BaFBr and BGO, and the dosimeter response can be corrected. Conclusion: We evaluated the LET dependence of the luminescence efficiency of the BGO and Eu:BaFBr as the quenching effect. We propose and discuss the correction of the quenching effect using the signal intensity ratio of the both materials. Although the correction precision is not sufficient, feasibility of the proposed correction method is proved through basic experiments.
Bispectral index-guided propofol sedation during endoscopic ultrasonography
Ayana Okamoto,Ken Kamata,Takeshi Miyata,Tomoe Yoshikawa,Rei Ishikawa,Tomohiro Yamazaki,Atsushi Nakai,Shunsuke Omoto,Kosuke Minaga,Kentaro Yamao,Mamoru Takenaka,Yasutaka Chiba,Toshiharu Sakurai,Naoshi 대한소화기내시경학회 2022 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.55 No.4
Background/Aims: Bispectral index (BIS) monitors process and display electroencephalographic data are used to assess the depth ofanesthesia. This study retrospectively evaluated the usefulness of BIS monitoring during endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). Methods: This study included 725 consecutive patients who underwent EUS under sedation with propofol. BIS monitoring was usedin 364 patients and was not used in 361. The following parameters were evaluated: (1) median dose of propofol; (2) respiratory and circulatorydepression; (3) occurrence of body movements; (4) awakening score >8 at the time; and (5) awakening score 2 hours afterleaving the endoscopy room. Results: The BIS group received a significantly lower median dose of propofol than the non-BIS group (159.2 mg vs. 167.5 mg;p=0.015) in all age groups. For patients aged ≥75 years, the reduction in heart rate was significantly lower in the BIS group than in thenon-BIS group (1.2% vs. 9.1%; p=0.023). Moreover, the occurrence of body movements was markedly lower in the BIS group than inthe non-BIS group (8.5% vs. 39.4%; p<0.001). Conclusions: During EUS examination, BIS monitoring is useful for maintaining a constant depth of anesthesia, especially in patients75 years of age or older.
Coprecipitation of cytochrome C with calcium phosphateon hydroxyapatite ceramic
Yu Sogo,Atsuo Ito,Koshiro Fukasawa,Nao Kondo,Yusuke Ishikawa,Noboru Ichinose,Atsushi Yamazaki 한국물리학회 2005 Current Applied Physics Vol.5 No.5
Cytochrome C (cyt C), which has a molecular weight and an isoelectric point similar to those of broblast growth factor(FGF-2), was coprecipitated with calcium phosphates in the presence or absence of a hydroxyapatite ceramic (HAP) using super-saturated calcium phosphate solutions that can be prepared by mixing infusion uids. The precipitates formed in the solutionconsisted of amorphous calcium phosphate in the absence of a HAP. In the presence of a HAP, precipitates morphologically iden-tical to bone-like apatite formed a calcium phosphate layer on the surface of HAP. The optimum conditions for coprecipitation ofcyt C with calcium phosphate on HAP were a Ca/P molar ratio of 1.5 and a NaHCO3 concentration of 7.90 mM. The release of cytis also expected to be coprecipitated with calcium phosphates onto HAPs using infusion fluids..