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Aoyama, Yuki,Toriumi, Kazuya,Mouri, Akihiro,Hattori, Tomoya,Ueda, Eriko,Shimato, Akane,Sakakibara, Nami,Soh, Yuka,Mamiya, Takayoshi,Nagai, Taku,Kim, Hyoung-Chun,Hiramatsu, Masayuki,Nabeshima, Toshitak American College of Neuropsychopharmacology 2016 Neuropsychopharmacology Vol.41 No.2
<P>Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with various disabilities in the offspring such as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, learning disabilities, and persistent anxiety. We have reported that nicotine exposure in female mice during pregnancy, in particular from embryonic day 14 (E14) to postnatal day 0 (P0), induces long-lasting behavioral deficits in offspring. However, the mechanism by which prenatal nicotine exposure (PNE) affects neurodevelopment, resulting in behavioral deficits, has remained unclear. Here, we report that PNE disrupted the proliferation of neuronal progenitors, leading to a decrease in the progenitor pool in the ventricular and subventricular zones. In addition, using a cumulative 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine labeling assay, we evaluated the rate of cell cycle progression causing the impairment of neuronal progenitor proliferation, and uncovered anomalous cell cycle kinetics in mice with PNE. Accordingly, the density of glutamatergic neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (medial PFC) was reduced, implying glutamatergic dysregulation. Mice with PNE exhibited behavioral impairments in attentional function and behavioral flexibility in adulthood, and the deficits were ameliorated by microinjection of D-cycloserine into the PFC. Collectively, our findings suggest that PNE affects the proliferation and maturation of progenitor cells to glutamatergic neuron during neurodevelopment in the medial PFC, which may be associated with cognitive deficits in the offspring.</P>
Aoyama Yuki,Sakura Shinichi,Abe Shoko,Wada Minori,Saito Yoji 대한마취통증의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.73 No.4
Background: The posterior transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) and quadratus lumborum block (QLB) were developed for postoperative pain control after lower abdominal surgery. However, there is little data regarding their effects. Their analgesic effects and the distribution of the cutaneous sensory blockade were observed in patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecologic surgery. Methods: After an induction of general anesthesia, patients alternately received bilateral ultrasound-guided QLB type 2 (QLB2) or posterior TAPB using 20 ml of 0.375% levobupivacaine on each side. The measurements included visual analogue pain scores (VAS), cutaneous sensory blockade in each dermatome, demands for postoperative analgesics, and complications for up to 48 h after the block. Our primary endpoint was VAS at 24 h after the block. Results: Forty patients completed the study. The VAS at rest was significantly lower after QLB2 than that after TAPB at 48 h, but not at 24 h. Neither group differed in VAS when coughing at any point in time. Postoperative demands for fentanyl and other analgesics also did not differ for either block. The majority of injections produced a cutaneous sensory blockade in the T11 and T12 dermatomes in both groups. The median number of dermatomes blocked was limited to three dermatomes after either block. No severe complication related to either block was observed. Conclusions: The analgesic effects of QLB2 and posterior TAPB did not differ in patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecologic surgery. The cutaneous sensory blockade produced was limited to three dermatomal levels in the majority of patients. However, these findings need to be confirmed through a larger comparative study.
Aoyama Ryoma,Yamane Junichi,Ninomiya Ken,Takahashi Yuichiro,Kitamura Kazuya,Nori Satoshi,Suzuki Satoshi,Shiraishi Tateru 대한척추외과학회 2022 Asian Spine Journal Vol.16 No.5
Study Design: A retrospective study conducted at a single academic institution.Purpose: This study compared the postoperative alignment of consecutive double laminectomies according to their decompression levels and investigated the influence of the extension unit of the spinous process and its attached muscles on postoperative alignment.Overview of Literature: Many reports have investigated bony and soft tissue factors as the causes of postoperative cervical alignment disorders. To-this-date, no other article has clarified the importance of the attached muscles between the spinous processes of C3 and C6 to maintain local cervical alignment.Methods: In total, 155 consecutive patients who underwent muscle-preserving consecutive double laminectomies for cervical spondylotic myelopathy from 2005 to 2013 were included in this study. The imaging parameters included the C2–C7 angle, range of motion, C2–C7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA), C7 slope, C2–C5 angle, C5-C7 angle, local disk angle caudal to the decompression level, and the disk height between C2/C3 and C7/Th1.Results: The caudal disk angle of the decompression level decreased after consecutive double laminectomies, thus suggesting that the extension unit maintained the local lordosis at the lower disk of the decompression level. Postoperatively, in the C3–4 decompression cases, the C2–C7 angle decreased by 7.3°, and the C2–C7 SVA increased by 8.6 mm, thus indicating the appearance of an alignment disorder. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cephalad laminectomy was a risk factor for C2–C7 angle decreases >10°. However, the postoperative recovery rate of Japanese Orthopedic Association scores after consecutive double laminectomies was reasonable, and the overall cervical alignment was well maintained in all decompression levels except C3–C4.Conclusions: The cervical extension unit maintained lordosis at the disk caudal to it. The extension unit was found to contribute more to the maintenance of lordosis of the entire cervical spine at the cephalad side.
Aoyama Ryoma,Yamane Junichi,Ninomiya Ken,Takahashi Yuichiro,Kitamura Kazuya,Nori Satoshi,Suzuki Satoshi,Shiraishi Tateru 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.1
Study Design: A retrospective study at a single academic institution.Purpose: We aimed to understand the pathogenesis of cervical spondylolisthesis by analyzing whether narrowing of the disc height stabilizes the slipped disc level according to the degenerative cascade.Overview of Literature: According to Kirkaldy-Willis’ degenerative cascade, the narrowing of the disc height at slipped level contributes to intervertebral stability in lumbar spondylolisthesis. Conversely, the pathogenesis of cervical spondylolisthesis is unknown due to a scarcity of reports on the condition.Methods: The images of 83 patients with cervical single-level spondylolisthesis were studied. We looked at 52 slipped levels for anterior slippage and 31 for posterior slippage. The imaging parameters included slippage in the neutral, flexed, and extended positions, axial facet joint orientation, sagittal facet slope, global cervical alignment, C2–C7 angle, C2–C7 sagittal vertical axis, range of motion (ROM), and slipped disc angle ROM.Results: With the narrowing of the intervertebral disc height, slippage in the flexed position of both anterior and posterior spondylolisthesis increased. However, in both anterior and posterior spondylolisthesis, disc height narrowing did not show stability. The narrowing of the intervertebral disc height was found to be a risk factor for a translation of slippage of 1.8 mm or more in flexionextension motion in anterior spondylolisthesis in multivariate regression analysis.Conclusions: Narrowing the intervertebral disc height did not stabilize the translation of slippage in flexion-extension motion in cervical spondylolisthesis. Instead, narrowing of the disc height was associated with a translation of slippage of 1.8 mm or more in flexion-extension motion in cases of anterior slippage. Therefore, we discovered that degenerative cascade stabilization for cervical spondylolisthesis was difficult to achieve.
Adaptive Compensation Method for the Temperature Dependence of RF Transformer Isolation
Aoyama, Takanobu,Shibata, Yoshiki,Kanie, Tomohiko,Noro, Yuichi,Takeo, Takashi The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2012 The Journal of International Council on Electrical Vol.2 No.4
In this study, we propose an adaptive compensation method for the temperature dependence of RF transformer isolation and present results of preliminary experiments. First of all, we examine the isolation temperature dependence of an RF transformer designed as a splitter, by means of both an electromagnetic simulation technique and experiments, to show the significance of the present issue. Then, we discuss the nature of a transformer core so as to obtain the most desirable isolation characteristics against a temperature change. Finally, in order to adaptively compensate for the isolation variation due to temperature, we propose a bias current superimposed on the RF signal, where the current amplitude is adjusted according to temperature change, and demonstrate the results of preliminary experiments conducted at a fixed temperature, but with different bias currents, indicating the validity of the proposed method.
Pitfalls in the Management of Atlanto-Occipital Dislocation
Masahiro Aoyama,Muneyoshi Yasuda,Masahioro Joko,Mikinobu Takeuchi,Aichi Niwa,Masakazu Takayasu 대한척추외과학회 2015 Asian Spine Journal Vol.9 No.3
Atlanto-occipital dislocation (AOD) is rarely seen in clinic because it is characteristically immediately fatal. With recent progress in the pre-hospital care, an increasing number of AOD survivors have been reported. However, because the pathophysiology of AOD is not clearly understood yet, the appropriate strategy for the initial management remains still unclear. We report a case of successful AOD treatment and describe important points in the management of this condition. It is important to note that abducens nerve palsy is a warning sign of AOD and that AOD can result in a life-threatening distortion of the arteries and the brain stem. We recommend the application of a halo vest to protect the patient’s neural and vascular competence as the immediate initial step in the treatment of AOD. Horn’s grading system is useful in assessing indications for surgery. Finally, when performing posterior fixation, C2 should be included because of the anatomy of the ligamentous architecture.