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Ayon-Reyna, Lidia Elena,Lopez-Valenzuela, Jose Angel,Delgado-Vargas, Francisco,Lopez-Lopez, Martha Edith,Molina-Corral, Francisco Javier,Carrillo-Lopez, Armando,Vega-Garcia, Misael Odin The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2017 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.33 No.6
Anthracnose of papaya fruit caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is one of the most economically important postharvest diseases. Hot water immersion (HW) and calcium chloride (Ca) treatments have been used to control papaya postharvest diseases; however, the effect of the combination HW-Ca on the pathogen growth and the development of the disease in infected papaya fruit has been scarcely studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the HW-Ca treatment on the in vitro growth of C. gloesporioides conidia and the quality of infected papaya. In vitro, the HW-Ca treated conidia showed reduced mycelial growth and germination. In vivo, the HW-Ca treatment of infected papaya delayed for 5 days the onset of the anthracnose symptoms and improved the papaya postharvest quality. The combined treatment HW-Ca was better than any of the individual treatments to inhibit the in vitro development of C. gloeosporioides and to reduce the negative effects of papaya anthracnose.
Characterization and Classification of Soils in Mexicali Valley, Baja California, Mexico
Monica Aviles-Marin,Roberto Soto-Ortiz,Angel Lopez-Lopez,Victor Cardenas-Salazar,Angel Faz-Cano,Earl Alexander,Jesus Roman-Calleros,Isabel Escobosa-Garcia,Fernando Escobosa-Garcia 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6
딥페이크에 맞선 전투: 미디어와 인터넷 거대기업 간 하이테크 오인정보 대응 전략의 수렴과 분화
Angel Vizoso,Martin Vaz-Alvarez,Xose Lopez-Garcia 시청자미디어재단 2021 팩트체크 동향리포트 'FACT(팩트)' Vol.- No.2
오인정보의 최신 형태 중 하나인 딥페이크는 온라인 뉴스 및 소셜미디어 공간을 통한 확산으로 인해 커뮤니케이션 환경의 현실적 극복과제가 되었다. 수세기 동안 지속된 현상이라 하더라도 오늘날 가짜 뉴스의 유통은 그것을 제작하고 배포하는 것이 수월해진 덕분에 과거 어느 때보다 유해한 성격을 갖는다. 이러한 국면에서 기술적 발전은 인공지능을 활용한 딥페이크, 조작 동영상·음성·사진 등이 출현하는 결과로 이어졌다. 2017년 첫 선을 보인 이래 시청각 콘텐츠에서 얼굴과 음성을 변조할 수 있는 툴과 알고리즘은 일반 사용자가 조작할 수 있는 모바일 앱과 웹 서비스가 나올 정도로 진화했다. 본 연구는 세 곳의 유명 미디어 채널 — 월스트리트 저널, 워싱턴포스트, 로이터 — 와 가장 규모가 큰 세 곳의 인터넷 기반 회사 — 구글, 페이스북, 트위터 — 가 이 새로운 형태의 가짜 뉴스를 어떻게 다루고 있는지 보여주고자 한다. 연구결과 딥페이크의 식별은 두 유형의 조직 모두에게 공통된 실천이라는 점이 확인되었다. 하지만 미디어가 언론종사자들의 딥페이크 탐지 훈련에 중점을 두는 반면 온라인 플랫폼은 미디어 포렌식 툴 개발·개선 목적의 연구 프로젝트에 재정을 지원하는 경향을 보였다.
Castellanos-Lopez, S. Lirio,Cruz-Perez, Felipe A.,Rivero-Angeles, Mario E.,Hernandez-Valdez, Genaro The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2014 Journal of communications and networks Vol.16 No.2
Due to the unpredictable nature of channel availability, carrying delay-sensitive traffic in cognitive radio networks (CRNs) is very challenging. Spectrum leasing of radio resources has been proposed in the so called coordinated CRNs to improve the quality of service (QoS) experienced by secondary users (SUs). In this paper, the performance of coordinated CRNs under fixed-rate with hard-delay-constraints traffic is analyzed. For the adequate and fair performance comparison, call admission control strategies with fractional channel reservation to prioritize ongoing secondary calls over new ones are considered. Maximum Erlang capacity is obtained by optimizing the number of reserved channels. Numerical results reveal that system performance strongly depends on the value of the mean secondary service time relative to the mean primary service time. Additionally, numerical results show that, in CRNs without spectrum leasing, there exists a critical utilization factor of the primary resources from which it is not longer possible to guarantee the required QoS of SUs and, therefore, services with hard delay constraints cannot be even supported in CRNs. Thus, spectrum leasing can be essential for CRN operators to provide the QoS demanded by fixed-rate applications with hard delay constraints. Finally, the cost per capacity Erlang as function of both the utilization factor of the primary resources and the maximum allowed number of simultaneously rented channels is evaluated.
IL-4 Derived from Non-T Cells Induces Basophil- and IL-3-independent Th2 Immune Responses
Kim, Sohee,Karasuyama, Hajime,Lopez, Angel F.,Ouyang, Wenjun,Li, Xiaoxia,Gros, Graham Le,Min, Booki The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2013 Immune Network Vol.13 No.6
How Th2 immunity develops in vivo remains obscure. Basophils have been considered key innate cells producing IL-4, a cytokine essential for Th2 immunity. Increasing evidence suggests that basophils are dispensable for the initiation of Th2 immunity. In this study, we revisited the role of basophils in Th2 immune responses induced by various types of adjuvants. Mice deficient in IL-3 or IL-3 receptor, in which basophil lymph node recruitment is completely abolished, fully developed wild type level Th2 CD4 T cell responses in response to parasite antigen or papain immunization. Similar finding was also observed in mice where basophils are inducibly ablated. Interestingly, IL-4-derived from non-T cells appeared to be critical for the generation of IL-4-producing CD4 T cells. Other Th2 promoting factors including IL-25 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) were dispensable. Therefore, our results suggest that IL-3- and basophil-independent in vivo Th2 immunity develops with the help of non-T cell-derived IL-4, offering an additional mechanism by which Th2 type immune responses arise in vivo.
( Yasser Hessen Abdou ),( Maria Angeles Perez Martinez ),( Natalia Pinlla Echevarri ),( Maria Thiscal Lopez Lluva ),( Fernando Lozano Ruiz Poveda ),( Ignacio Sanchez Perez ),( Miguel Angel Rienda More 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2014 No.1
A 36 year-old man was referred to our hospital for the evaluation of an abnormal shadow on the cardiac apex on a chest X-ray fi lm.He denied systemic disease such as hypertension or diabetes mellitus and had no history of specifi c conditions, such as Kawasaki`s disease, chest trauma or connective tissue disorder. He had no subjective symptoms. His blood pressure was 120/75 mmHg and pulse rate was 70 beats/min. On physical examination, continuous murmur of a grade II/VI was audible at 4th left intercostal space. The results of other physical examination and blood test were normal. A Chest X-ray showed a radio-opaque shadow at the apex. An echocardiography was arranged and a round sac of 4x4 cm located in the apex, as well as a double-chamber right ventricle was observed Contrast echocardiography with Sonovue showed the fi lling of the vascular sac with contrast then partial fi lling of the distal RV apex. The abnormal vascular sac was connected from the left side to a vascular structure that looks to be coronary artery and from the right side to the distal part of a double right ventricle apex with a bi-directional shunt (fi stula). It also demonstrates the high velocity and centrifuge nature of blood fl ow in the vascular sac. Chest CT showed a LAD ectasia with a 4x4 cm saccular aneurysm at the distal portion of LAD Cardiac MRI revealed a giant left descending coronary artery distal aneurysm attached to a double apex right ventricle Coronary angiography revealed a dilated LAD with a huge saccular coronary aneurysm at its distal portion. The patient refused surgical correction for the coronary aneurysm and fi stula. He was discharged and has been followed up for more than 1 year without cardiovascular events.
Alvarado-Rosales, D.,Nieto-Lopez, E.H.,Teliz-Ortiz, D.,Ayala-Escobar, V.,Silva-Rojas, H.V.,Nieto-Angel, R.,Leyva-Mir, S.G.,Jimenez-Nieto, A.,Mendez-Inocencio, C. The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2015 식물병연구 Vol.21 No.3
The tejocote (Crataegus spp.) is a tree considered to be native to Mexico. The aim of this study was to identify the causal agent of tejocote rust in the State of Puebla. Tejocote fruits were sampled in 2012 and 2013. The fungus was studied morphologically using light and scanning electron microscopy and molecularly using phylogenetic analysis of 18S and 28S rDNA genes. The fungus was identified as Gymnosporangium clavipes on tejocote fruits. To our knowledge, this is the first confirmed report of Gymnosporangium clavipes Cooke & Peck affecting Crataegus mexicana var. Chapeado and C. gracilior in Puebla Mexico.
IL-4 Derived from Non-T Cells Induces Basophil- and IL-3-independent Th2 Immune Responses
Sohee Kim,Hajime Karasuyama,Angel F. Lopez,Wenjun Ouyang,Xiaoxia Li,Graham Le Gros,Booki Min 대한면역학회 2013 Immune Network Vol.13 No.6
How Th2 immunity develops in vivo remains obscure. Basophils have been considered key innate cells producing IL-4, a cytokine essential for Th2 immunity. Increasing evidence suggests that basophils are dispensable for the initiation of Th2 immunity. In this study, we revisited the role of basophils in Th2 immune responses induced by various types of adjuvants. Mice deficient in IL-3 or IL-3 receptor, in which basophil lymph node recruitment is completely abolished, fully developed wild type level Th2 CD4 T cell responses in response to parasite antigen or papain immunization. Similar finding was also observed in mice where basophils are inducibly ablated. Interestingly, IL-4-derived from non-T cells appeared to be critical for the generation of IL-4-producing CD4 T cells. Other Th2 promoting factors including IL-25 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) were dispensable. Therefore, our results suggest that IL-3- and basophil-independent in vivo Th2 immunity develops with the help of non-T cell-derived IL-4, offering an additional mechanism by which Th2 type immune responses arise in vivo.