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Dao Hang Thi,Beattie George Andrew Charles,Watson Gillian W.,Mottern Jason,Evans Greg,Van Nguyen Liem,Nguyen Hoa Thi,Nguyen Viet Duc,Holford Paul 한국응용곤충학회 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.23 No.2
The false coconut scale, Aspidiotus rigidus Reyne (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), is a serious pest of coconut in the Indonesian and Philippine archipelagos. Field surveys in Viêt Nam in 2015–2018 discovered A. rigidus (a new country record). Also found were three of its primary hymenopteran parasitoids: an unidentified ectoparasitic Aphytis species (Aphelinidae) and two endoparasitoids, Comperiella calauanica (Encyrtidae) and Pteroptrix parvipennis (Aphelinidae). Aphytis sp. was the commonest parasitoid; the average level of parasitism of A. rigidus found in six surveys was 46%, in immatures of both sexes and adult females. Comperiella calauanica was recorded in three surveys, with an average parasitism level of 54% in adult female A. rigidus. It was also found attacking Aspidiotus destructor Signoret. Pteroptrix parvipennis was recorded in 47% of second instar A. rigidus in one survey. In molecular phylogenies based on 28S and COI genes, Pteroptrix parvipennis grouped with species of Encarsia. Although A. rigidus occurs in the largest coconut-growing areas in Việt Nam, incidence of the scale is low, and no outbreaks have been recorded. Its parasitoids therefore have potential for use as biological control agents in areas where the scale is problematic. The low incidence of A. rigidus in Việt Nam and the presence of the three parasitoid species there suggests that the scale and these parasitoids originated in Indochina.
이성종,Andrew Yang,T.-C. Wu,Chien-Fu Hung 대한부인종양학회 2016 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.27 No.5
Cervical cancer is the fourth most lethal women’s cancer worldwide. Current treatmentsagainst cervical cancer include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and anti-angiogenicagents. However, despite the various treatments utilized for the treatment of cervical cancer,its disease burden remains a global issue. Persistent infection of human papillomavirus(HPV) has been identified as an essential step of pathogenesis of cervical cancer and manyother cancers, and nation-wide HPV screening as well as preventative HPV vaccinationprogram have been introduced globally. However, even though the commercially availableprophylactic HPV vaccines, Gardasil (Merck) and Cervarix (GlaxoSmithKline), are effectivein blocking the entry of HPV into the epithelium of cervix through generation of HPVspecificneutralizing antibodies, they cannot eliminate the pre-existing HPV infection. Forthese reason, other immunotherapeutic options against HPV-associated diseases, includingtherapeutic vaccines, have been continuously explored. Therapeutic HPV vaccines enhancecell-mediated immunity targeting HPV E6 and E7 antigens by modulating primarily dendriticcells and cytotoxic T lymphocyte. Our review will cover various therapeutic vaccines indevelopment for the treatment of HPV-associated lesions and cancers. Furthermore, we willdiscuss the potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors that have recently been adopted andtested for their treatment efficacy against HPV-induced cervical cancer.
Hong Li,Andrew Hung,Angela Wei Hong Yang 한국한의학연구원 2019 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.8 No.4
Background: Danggui Beimu Kushen Wan (DBKW) was initially known for difficult urination in pregnancy and has been widely used for prostate disorders in modern days. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the implications of DBKW in traditional evidence. Methods: The Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine was searched to identify the ingredients, dosage, etiologies, pathogeneses, actions and indications related to DBKW documented in ancient books. Descriptive summary was provided to their characteristics. Results: A total of 41 texts in 36 classic books were included. Two etiologies and 10 pathogeneses were investigated. All the identified formulas contain Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus and Sophorae Flavescentis Radix with the ratio of 1:1:1. The treatment dosage is three to 10 pills each time. The primary indication of DBKW is difficult urination with heat stagnation. Nine included texts specified that this formula could also be used for male. Conclusion: Included classic literature has provided fundamental evidence for the management of difficult urination in female and male. Further studies should investigate its mechanisms of actions for difficult urination related conditions, such as prostate disorders.
Lim, Jiwon,Choi, Andrew,Kim, Hyung Woo,Yoon, Hyungjun,Park, Sang Min,Tsai, Chia-Hung Dylan,Kaneko, Makoto,Kim, Dong Sung American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.17
<P>Cell migration is crucial in physiological and pathological processes such as embryonic development and wound healing; such migration is strongly guided by the surrounding nanostructured extracellular matrix. Previous studies have extensively studied the cell migration on anisotropic nanotopographic surfaces; however, only a few studies have reported cell migration on isotropic nanotopographic surfaces. We herein, for the first time, propose a novel concept of adherable area on cell migration using isotropic nanopore surfaces with sufficient nanopore depth by adopting a high aspect ratio. As the pore size of the nanopore surface was controlled to 200, 300, and 400 nm in a fixed center-to-center distance of 480 nm, it produced 86, 68, and 36% of adherable area, respectively, on the fabricated surface. A meticulous investigation of the cell migration in response to changes in the constrained adherable area of the nanotopographic surface showed 1.4-, 1.5-, and 1.6-fold increase in migration speeds and a 1.4-, 2-, and 2.5-fold decrease in the number of focal adhesions as the adherable area was decreased to 86, 68, and 36%, respectively. Furthermore, a strong activation of FAK/Rac1 signaling was observed to be involved in the promoted cell migration. These results suggest that the reduced adherable area promotes cell migration through decreasing the FA formation, which in turn upregulates FAK/Rac1 activation. The findings in this study can be utilized to control the cell migration behaviors, which is a powerful tool in the research fields involving cell migration such as promoting wound healing and tissue repair.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>