Cellulitis in Broiler Chickens

AMER, Mohamed M.,MEKKY, Hoda M.,FEDAWY, Hanaa S.,AMER, Aziza M.,ELBAYOUMI, Khalid M. Korea FoodHealth Convergence Association 2020 식품보건융합연구 (KJFHC) Vol.6 No.5

Cellulitis in broiler chickens is one of the economically important problems that facing the broiler industry due to the presence of the lesion leads to condemnation of part of /or the entire carcasses. Broiler with cellulitis lesions showed lower body weight. Cellulitis was recorded on different body regions including the head, dorsum, thighs, breast, legs, and abdomen. Cellulitis results from the invasion of subcutaneous (s.c.) tissues by bacteria through disruption of skin integrity. Lesions revealed the existence of the characteristic s.c colored exudate varies from yellowish to green, which were either serosanguineous, fibrinous s.c exudate yellowish, greenish or suppurative. Many bacterial isolates including E. coli, Staphylococci, Clostridia, Aeromonas spp., Enterobacter spp., Proteus mirabilis, P. aeruginosa, and Streptococci were isolated from the lesion. Chickens exposed to immunosuppression proved to have a greater probability of developing cellulitis. The condition was experimentally induced by s.c inoculation of 25-day-old broiler chickens with E. coli, S. aureus and clostridia. Usually, bacterial isolates were multidrug-resistant. The usage of Bifidobacterium bifidum or antibiotic with avoiding immunosuppression can reduce lesion and condemnation rate resulted from cellulitis. The objective of this review is to collect different literature written about cellulitis to be available to students, researchers, and veterinarians in poultry practical.

Small dose of naloxone as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in intrapleural infiltration after thoracotomy surgery: a prospective, controlled study

Amer, Asmaa Fawzy,Omara, Amany Faheem The Korean Pain Society 2019 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.32 No.2

Background: Severe pain always develops after thoracotomy; intrapleural regional analgesia is used as a simple, safe technique to control it. This study was performed to evaluate whether a small dose of naloxone with local anesthetics prolongs sensory blockade. Methods: A prospective, randomized double-blinded controlled study was conducted on 60 patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists statuses I and II, aged 18 to 60 years, scheduled for unilateral thoracotomy surgery. After surgery, patients were randomly divided into two groups: through the intrapleural catheter, group B received 30 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine, while group N received 30 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine with 100 ng of naloxone. Postoperative pain was assessed using the visual analog pain scale (VAS). Time for the first request for rescue analgesia, total amount consumed, and incidence of postoperative complications were also recorded. Results: The VAS score significantly decreased in group N, at 6 h and 8 h after operation (P < 0.001 for both). At 12 h after injection, the VAS score increased significantly in group N (P < 0.001). The time for the first request of rescue analgesia was significantly longer in group N compared to group B (P < 0.001). The total amount of morphine consumed was significantly lower in group N than in the bupivacaine group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Addition of a small dose of naloxone to bupivacaine in intrapleural regional analgesia significantly prolonged pain relief after thoracotomy and delayed the first request for rescue analgesia, without significant adverse effects.

FEM simulation of a full-scale loading-to-failure test of a corrugated steel culvert

Amer Wadi,Lars Pettersson,Raid Karoumi 국제구조공학회 2018 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.27 No.2

This paper utilizes 3D FEM to provide deeper insights about the structural behaviour of a 6.1 m span steel culvert, which was previously tested under extreme loading. The effect of different input parameters pertaining to the backfill soil has been investigated, where the structural response is compared to field measurements. The interface choice between the steel and soil materials was also studied. The results enabled to realize the major influence of the friction angle on the load effects. Moreover, the analyses showed some differences concerning the estimation of failure load, whereas reasons beyond this outcome were arguably presented and discussed.

Cultural Tourism

Amer Rghei 세계문화관광학회 2009 Conference Proceedings Vol.10 No.0

The Sahara region is potentially, for tourists, one of the most attractive areas in the world. Yet currently, the Sahara is underdeveloped for tourism and neglected by local governments and tourists. In contrast, the nearby Mediterranean region receives millions of visitors annually from across the globe. The Sahara, with areas of unique resources, is of special interest in terms of tourism planning and economic developrnent. The focus of this study is the Sahara's areas and sites of unique resources that have fallen into a serious state of decline and neglect despite their tourism potential. These deteriorated resources, observed in several field tours of historic sites, their historical, educational, economic social, cultural, environmental and aesthetic values would benefit from careful planning and management for tourism. This paper will investigate this issue and propose a new strategy for tourism development for the Sahara.

Genetic Variation and Biological Control of Fusarium graminearum Isolated from Wheat in Assiut-Egypt

Amer F. Mahmoud 한국식물병리학회 2016 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.32 No.2

Fusarium graminearum Schwabe causes Fusarium headblight (FHB), a devastating disease that leads to extensiveyield and quality loss of wheat and other cerealcrops. Twelve isolates of F. graminearum were collectedfrom naturally infected spikes of wheat from AssiutEgypt. These isolates were compared using SRAP. Theresults indicated distinct genetic groups exist within F. graminearum, and demonstrated that these groups havedifferent biological properties, especially with respectto their pathogenicity on wheat. There were biologicallysignificant differences between the groups; withgroup (B) isolates being more aggressive towards wheatthan groups (A) and (C). Furthermore, Trichodermaharzianum (Rifai) and Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg)which isolated from wheat kernels were screened forantagonistic activity against F. graminearum. Theysignificantly reduced the growth of F. graminearumcolonies in culture. In order to gain insight into biologicalcontrol effect in situ, highly antagonistic isolates ofT. harzianum and B. subtilis were selected, based ontheir in vitro effectiveness, for greenhouse test. It wasrevealed that T. harzianum and B. subtilis significantlyreduced FHB severity. The obtained results indicatedthat T. harzianum and B. subtilis are very effective biocontrolagents that offer potential benefit in FHB andshould be harnessed for further biocontrol applications. The accurate analysis of genetic variation and studiesof population structures have significant implicationsfor understanding the genetic traits and disease controlprograms in wheat. This is the first known report of thedistribution and genetic variation of F. graminearum onwheat spikes in Assiut Egypt.

Vertebral Augmentation: State of the Art

Amer Sebaaly,Linda Nabhane,Fouad Issa El Khoury,Gaby Kreichati,Rami El Rachkidi 대한척추외과학회 2016 Asian Spine Journal Vol.10 No.2

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVF) are an increasing public health problem. Cement augmentation (vertebroplasty of kyphoplasty) helps stabilize painful OVF refractory to medical treatment. This stabilization is thought to improve pain and functional outcome. Vertebroplasty consists of injecting cement into a fractured vertebra using a percutaneous transpedicular approach. Balloon kyphoplasty uses an inflatable balloon prior to injecting the cement. Although kyphoplasty is associated with significant improvement of local kyphosis and less cement leakage, this does not result in long-term clinical and functional improvement. Moreover, vertebroplasty is favored by some due to the high cost of kyphoplasty. The injection of cement increases the stiffness of the fracture vertebrae. This can lead, in theory, to adjacent OVF. However, many studies found no increase of subsequent fracture when comparing medical treatment to cement augmentation. Kyphoplasty can have a protective effect due to restoration of sagittal balance.

Gastric cancer in pregnancy

Amer Saeed Alshahrani,Moon-Won Yoo 대한외과학회 2017 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.92 No.1

Size-dependent plastic buckling behavior of micro-beam structures by using conventional mechanism-based strain gradient plasticity

Amer Darvishvand,Asghar Zajkani 국제구조공학회 2019 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.71 No.3

Since the actuators with small- scale structures may be exposed to external reciprocal actions lead to create undesirable loads causing instability, the buckling behaviors of them are interested to make reliable or accurate actions. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyze plastic buckling behavior of the micro beam structures by adopting a Conventional Mechanism-based Strain Gradient plasticity (CMSG) theory. The effect of length scale on critical force is considered for three types of boundary conditions, i.e. the simply supported, cantilever and clamped - simply supported micro beams. For each case, the stability equations of the buckling are calculated to obtain related critical forces. The constitutive equation involves work hardening phenomenon through defining an index of multiple plastic hardening exponent. In addition, the Euler-Bernoulli hypothesis is used for kinematic of deflection. Corresponding to each length scale and index of the plastic work hardening, the critical forces are determined to compare them together.

Resistance Potential of Bread Wheat Genotypes Against Yellow Rust Disease Under Egyptian Climate

Amer F. Mahmoud,Mohamed I. Hassan,Karam A. Amein 한국식물병리학회 2015 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.31 No.4

Yellow rust (stripe rust), caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most destructive foliar diseases of wheat in Egypt and worldwide. In order to identify wheat genotypes resistant to yellow rust and develop molecular markers associated with the resistance, fifty F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between resistant and susceptible bread wheat landraces were obtained. Artificial infection of Puccinia striiformis was performed under greenhouse conditions during two growing seasons and relative resistance index (RRI) was calculated. Two Egyptian bread wheat cultivars i.e. Giza-168 (resistant) and Sakha-69 (susceptible) were also evaluated. RRI values of two-year trial showed that 10 RILs responded with RRI value >6 <9 with an average of 7.29, which exceeded the Egyptian bread wheat cultivar Giza-168 (5.58). Thirty three RILs were included among the acceptable range having RRI value >2 <6. However, only 7 RILs showed RRI value <2. Five RILs expressed hypersensitive type of resistance (R) against the pathogen and showed the lowest Average Coefficient of Infection (ACI). Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) with eight simple sequence repeat (SSR), eight sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and sixteen random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers revealed that three SSR, three SRAP and six RAPD markers were found to be associated with the resistance to yellow rust. However, further molecular analyses would be performed to confirm markers associated with the resistance and suitable for marker-assisted selection. Resistant RILs identified in the study could be efficiently used to improve the resistance to yellow rust in wheat.

Anatomical variations of trabecular bone structure in intraoral radiographs using fractal and particles count analyses

Amer, Maha Eshak,Heo, Min-Suk,Brooks, Sharon L.,Benavides, Erika Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2012 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.42 No.1

Purpose : This study was performed to evaluate possible variations in maxillary and mandibular bone texture of normal population using the fractal analysis, particles count, and area fraction in intraoral radiographs. Materials and Methods : Periapical radiographs of patients who had full mouth intraoral radiographs were collected. Regions of interest ($100{\times}100$ pixels) were located between the teeth of the maxillary anterior, premolar, and molar area, as well as the mandibular anterior, premolar, and molar areas. The fractal dimension (FD) was calculated by using the box counting method. The particle count (PC) and area fraction (AF) analyses were also performed. Results : There was no significant difference in the FD values among the different groups of age, gender, upper, and lower jaws. The mean FD value was $1.49{\pm}0.01$. The mean PC ranged from 44 to 54, and the mean AF ranged from 10.92 to 11.85. The values of FD, PC, and AF were significantly correlated with each other except for the upper molar area. Conclusion : According to the results, patients with normal trabecular pattern showed a FD of approximately 1.5. Based on these results, further investigation would be recommended if the FD value of patient significantly differenct from this number, since the alteration of this value indicates microstructural modification of trabecular pattern of the jaws. Additionally, with periapical radiographs, simple and cost-effective, PC and AF could be used to assess the deviation from the normal.