Patients with celiac disease are at high risk of developing metabolic syndrome and fatty liver

( Ashish Agarwal ),( Alka Singh ),( Wajiha Mehtab ),( Vipin Gupta ),( Ashish Chauhan ),( Mahendra Singh Rajput ),( Namrata Singh ),( Vineet Ahuja ),( Govind K. Makharia ) 대한장연구학회 2021 Intestinal Research Vol.19 No.1

Background/Aims: Gluten-free diet has an excess of fats and simple sugars and puts patients with celiac disease at risk of metabolic complications including metabolic syndrome and fatty liver. We assessed prevalence of metabolic syndrome and fatty liver in two cohorts of celiac disease. Methods: Study was done in 2 groups. In group 1, 54 treatment naïve patients with celiac disease were recruited. Of them, 44 returned after 1-year of gluten-free diet and were reassessed. In group 2, 130 celiac disease patients on gluten-free diet for ≥1 year were recruited. All patients were assessed for anthropometric and metabolic parameters and fatty liver. Metabolic syndrome was defined as per consensus definition for Asian Indians. Fatty liver was defined as controlled attenuation parameter value >263 decibels by FibroScan. Results: In group 1, of 44 treatment naïve patients with celiac disease, metabolic syndrome was present in 5 patients (11.4%) at baseline and 9 (18.2%) after 1 year of gluten-free diet. Patients having fatty liver increased from 6 patients (14.3%) at baseline to 13 (29.5%) after 1year of gluten-free diet (P=0.002). In group 2, of 130 patients with celiac disease on gluten-free diet for a median duration of 4 years, 30 out of 114 (26.3%) and 30 out of 130 patients (23%) had metabolic syndrome and fatty liver, respectively. Conclusions: Patients with celiac disease are at high risk of developing metabolic syndrome and fatty liver, which increases further with gluten-free diet. These patients should be assessed for nutritional and metabolic features and counseled about balanced diet and physical activity regularly. (Intest Res 2021;19:106-114)

Further Insights into the Mechanism of Hydrogen-Plasma Surface Passivation of Low-Dielectric Constant Hydrogen Silsesquioxane (HSQ)

Sunil Kumar Singh,R. O. Dusane,Alka A. Kumbhar,W. Bock 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.3

Hydrogen-plasma-induced surface modification of spin-on hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) thin films has been studied with a view to understand the various physical and chemical aspects of the process. An extensive characterization of the chemical structure, the surface topography and the surface wettability has been carried out. A copper diffusion study has also been done by employing secondary ion mass spectrometry. The results give new insights into the mechanism of the observed decrease in the leakage current of the HSQ films after hydrogen plasma treatment.

Immunohistochemical analysis of estrogen receptors in prostate and clinical correlation in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia

Goto Gangkak,Rohit Bhattar,Alka Mittal,Sher Singh Yadav,Vinay Tomar,Ajay Yadav,Jayanti Mehta 대한비뇨의학회 2017 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.58 No.2

Purpose: Estrogens act through interaction with 2 receptor subtypes, ER alpha (ERα) and ER beta (ERβ), in human prostate. The aim of the present study was to semiquantitatively assess the differential expression of ER subtypes in human benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by use of immunocytochemistry (IHC) methods and to explore their relationship with various measures of BPH. Materials and Methods: A total of 45 patients with BPH undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate and 22 patients with bladder cancer with normal prostate undergoing surveillance cystoscopy were studied as cases and controls, respectively. Quantitative immunolabeling of ER subtypes was scored by use of a semiquantitative scale. Also, correlations were assessed between ER levels in prostate and various measures of BPH. Results: Overall, we found strong immunostaining for ERα in stroma and for ERβ in epithelium, respectively. The IHC score for ERα differed significantly between BPH patients and controls in both stroma (p≤0.001) and epithelium (p=0.008), respectively. The ERβ IHC score was also significantly higher in the epithelium of BPH patients (p=0.01). Also, we found a significant correlation between prostatic ER levels and various clinical measures of BPH. Conclusions: ERs may play an important role in the pathogenesis of BPH.

Plasma cell leukemia in North India: retrospective analysis of a distinct clinicohematological entity from a tertiary care center and review of literature

Karthik Bommannan,Man Updesh Singh Sachdeva,Pankaj Malhotra,Narender Kumar,Prashant Sharma,Shano Naseem,Jasmina Ahluwalia,Reena Das,Neelam Varma,Gaurav Prakash,Alka Khadwal,Radhika Srinivasan,Subhash 대한혈액학회 2016 Blood Research Vol.51 No.1

BackgroundPlasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare and aggressive plasma cell neoplasm. In PCL, clonal plasma cells comprise ≥20% of the peripheral blood (PB) leukocytes and/or the absolute clonal PB plasma cell count is ≥2×109/L. Primary PCL (PPCL) originates de novo, whereas, secondary PCL (SPCL) evolves from pre-existing multiple myeloma.MethodsClinicohematological features, immunophenotypic profile, and survival of PCL patients were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsBetween January 2007 and December 2014, ten PPCL and four SPCL patients were inves-tigated (8 PPCLs and 3 SPCLs had complete clinical data). All were North Indians, sharing common geography and ethnicity. Our cohort showed less frequent renal failure, more frequent hepatomegaly, and non-secretory type disease. In contrast to western literature, flow cytometric immunophenotyping of our cohort revealed altered expression of CD138 (67%), CD56 (33%), and CD20 (0%). With novel therapeutic agents, these PPCL patients had a median overall survival of 15 months.ConclusionWe highlight that our PPCL patients from North India had distinct clinicohematological and immunophenotypic profiles. The significance of our findings must be tested in a larger patient cohort and must be supported by molecular and cytogenetic investigations to un-mask possible significant effects on pathogenesis.

DSTATCOM APPLICATION FOR POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

J.R.P.Gupta,Alka Adya,Bhim Singh,A.P.Mitta 전력전자학회 2004 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.- No.-

Good quality power supply is a prerequisite for industrial growth. Power quality and reliability cost the industry large amounts each year. Hence, a major challenge for engineers these days is to use the advances in Power Electronic devices and technology to control power flow and provide adaptable, fastacting reactive power correction to changing electrical loads. FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission System) controllers have revolutionized the world in the area of generation, transmission and distribution of power. This paper focuses on DSTATCOM (Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator) which is gaining popularity along with other custom power devices like DVR (Dynamic Voltage Restorer) and UPQC (Unified Power Quality Compensator). This paper deals with various aspects like design, modeling and simulation of DSTATCOM for the power quality improvements.

Plasma cell leukemia in North India: retrospective analysis of a distinct clinicohematological entity from a tertiary care center and review of literature

Karthik Bommannan,Man Updesh Singh Sachdeva,Pankaj Malhotra,Narender Kumar,Prashant Sharma,Shano Naseem,Jasmina Ahluwalia,Reena Das,Neelam Varma,Gaurav Prakash,Alka Khadwal,Radhika Srinivasan,Subhash 대한혈액학회 2016 Blood Research Vol.51 No.1

BackgroundPlasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare and aggressive plasma cell neoplasm. In PCL, clonal plasma cells comprise ≥20% of the peripheral blood (PB) leukocytes and/or the absolute clonal PB plasma cell count is ≥2×109/L. Primary PCL (PPCL) originates de novo, whereas, secondary PCL (SPCL) evolves from pre-existing multiple myeloma.MethodsClinicohematological features, immunophenotypic profile, and survival of PCL patients were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsBetween January 2007 and December 2014, ten PPCL and four SPCL patients were inves-tigated (8 PPCLs and 3 SPCLs had complete clinical data). All were North Indians, sharing common geography and ethnicity. Our cohort showed less frequent renal failure, more frequent hepatomegaly, and non-secretory type disease. In contrast to western literature, flow cytometric immunophenotyping of our cohort revealed altered expression of CD138 (67%), CD56 (33%), and CD20 (0%). With novel therapeutic agents, these PPCL patients had a median overall survival of 15 months.ConclusionWe highlight that our PPCL patients from North India had distinct clinicohematological and immunophenotypic profiles. The significance of our findings must be tested in a larger patient cohort and must be supported by molecular and cytogenetic investigations to un-mask possible significant effects on pathogenesis.

Quantitative histology-based classification system for assessment of the intestinal mucosal histological changes in patients with celiac disease

Prasenjit Das,Gaurav PS Gahlot,Alka Singh,Vandana Baloda,Ramakant Rawat,Anil K Verma,Gaurav Khanna,Maitrayee Roy,Archana George,Ashok Singh,Aasma Nalwa,Prashant Ramteke,Rajni Yadav,Vineet Ahuja,Vishnu 대한장연구학회 2019 Intestinal Research Vol.17 No.3

Background/Aims: The existing histological classifications for the interpretation of small intestinal biopsies are based on qualitative parameters with high intraobserver and interobserver variations. We have developed and propose a quantitative histological classification system for the assessment of intestinal mucosal biopsies. Methods: We performed a computer-assisted quantitative histological assessment of digital images of duodenal biopsies from 137 controls and 124 patients with celiac disease (CeD) (derivation cohort). From the receiver-operating curve analysis, followed by multivariate and logistic regression analyses, we identified parameters for differentiating control biopsies from those of the patients with CeD. We repeated the quantitative histological analysis in a validation cohort (105 controls and 120 patients with CeD). On the basis of the results, we propose a quantitative histological classification system. The new classification was compared with the existing histological classifications for interobserver and intraobserver agreements by a group of qualified pathologists. Results: Among the histological parameters, intraepithelial lymphocyte count of ≥25/100 epithelial cells, adjusted villous height fold change of ≤0.7, and crypt depth-to-villous height ratio of ≥0.5 showed good discriminative power between the mucosal biopsies from the patients with CeD and those from the controls, with 90.3% sensitivity, 93.5% specificity, and 96.2% area under the curve. Among the existing histological classifications, our quantitative histological classification showed the highest intraobserver (69.7%–85.03%) and interobserver (24.6%–71.5%) agreements. Conclusions: Quantitative assessment increases the reliability of the histological assessment of mucosal biopsies in patients with CeD. Such a classification system may be used for clinical trials in patients with CeD.

Effect of intracanal cryotherapy on postendodontic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Gupta, Alpa,Aggarwal, Vivek,Gurawa, Alka,Mehta, Namrata,Abraham, Dax,Singh, Arundeep,Jala, Sucheta,Chauhan, Nishant The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2021 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.21 No.1

This systematic review aimed to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of cryotherapy in the reduction of postendodontic pain. The review question was, "What will be the success rate of cryotherapy technique among human patients with postendodontic pain?". The review protocol was framed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. Six studies were included in the review, and quantification of five studies was performed through a meta-analysis. In the forest plot representation of the studies comparing the control and cryotherapy groups in terms of the success rate in the management of postendodontic pain, the combined risk ratio (RR) was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.56 to 1.13) with a P value of 0.20. Based on the quantitative analysis, it can be suggested that intracanal cryotherapy does not play a significant role in reducing postendodontic pain.

Extracellular synthesis of gold nanoparticles using the marine bacterium <i>Paracoccus haeundaensis</i> BC74171^T and evaluation of their antioxidant activity and antiproliferative effect on normal and cancer cell lines

Patil, Maheshkumar Prakash,Kang, Min-jae,Niyonizigiye, Irvine,Singh, Alka,Kim, Jong-Oh,Seo, Yong Bae,Kim, Gun-Do Elsevier 2019 Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces Vol.183 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Green chemistry is beneficial for the production of eco-friendly and stable nanoparticles using biological agents. The present study was performed to explore the potential of the marine bacterium <I>Paracoccus haeundaensis</I> BC74171<SUP>T</SUP> for the extracellular synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Cell-free supernatant-mediated AuNPs were characterized by different techniques and analyzed for their antioxidant activity and antiproliferative effect on normal and cancer cells. Visual observations indicated the formation of AuNPs by the development of a ruby red color and were confirmed by a UV–vis absorbance peak at about 535 nm. The synthesized AuNPs were spherical in shape and had an average size of 20.93 ± 3.46 nm, as determined by transmission electron microscopy and a dynamic light scattering particle size analyzer, respectively. From Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the interaction of functional groups was determined and the presence of biomaterial on the AuNP surface was confirmed. Concentration-dependent antioxidant activity of AuNPs was observed by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method. The AuNPs synthesized do not show growth inhibition on HaCaT and HEK293 normal cells, while they show concentration-dependent growth inhibition in the case of A549 and AGS cancer cells. Thereby, this study proves that AuNP synthesis using <I>P. haeundaensis</I> is a facile method and that the AuNPs synthesized are non-toxic to human cells, which indicates that they can be useful in biomedical applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The marine bacterium <I>Paracoccus haeundaensis</I> BC74171<SUP>T</SUP> can extracellularly reduce gold ions to gold nanoparticles. </LI> <LI> Different parameters for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles were optimized. </LI> <LI> The gold nanoparticles synthesized showed non-toxicity to human normal cell lines. </LI> <LI> Gold nanoparticles have concentration-dependent antioxidant activity and an antiproliferative effect on cancer cell lines. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Bendamustine in combination with ifosfamide, etoposide, and vinorelbine (VIBE) is an effective salvage regimen for heavily pre-treated patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma: a single-center experience

Gaurav Prakash,Arihant Jain,Kamalkant Sahu,Amanjit Bal,Charanpreet Singh,Rajender Basher,Harmandeep Singh,Kundan Mishra,Aditya Jandial,Deepesh Lad,Alka Khadwal,Radhika Srinivasan,Ashim Das,Neelam Varm 대한혈액학회 2021 Blood Research Vol.56 No.3

Background This study evaluated the outcomes of patients with refractory/relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma (RRHL) treated with a bendamustine-based regimen in combination with ifosfamide, etoposide, and vinorelbine (VIBE). Methods Consecutive RRHL patients who were treated with the VIBE regimen were identified and studied for clinicopathologic characteristics, response to VIBE regimen, event-free survival (EFS), and feasibility of an autologous stem-cell transplant (autoSCT). Results In total, 24 patients received the VIBE regimen, and a median of 3 cycles were administered. In this cohort, 80% of the patients had received ≥2 prior lines of therapy. The overall and complete response rates with VIBE were 79% and 42%, respectively. After a median follow-up (following VIBE regimen) of 14 months (range, 3‒76), the 3-year EFS and OS were 46% and 74%, respectively. Of the eligible patients, 92% underwent successful AutoSCT. The mean CD34+ cell count in the autograft was 5.5×106 /kg (SD 2.07). Neutropenia was the commonest hematologic toxicity and it was observed in 42% of the patients. However, only 9% of the patients developed grade III/IV febrile neutropenia. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting were the second most common grade III/IV toxicities in our cohort of patients. Conclusion In this retrospective analysis, the combination regimen, VIBE, has shown good efficacy in heavily pre-treated patients with RRHL without compromising stem cell collection. These encouraging results provide a rationale for further development of this regimen.