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Molecular gas and star formation in the red-sequence counter-rotating disc galaxy NGC 4550
Crocker, Alison F.,Jeong, Hyunjin,Komugi, Shinya,Combes, Francoise,Bureau, Martin,Young, Lisa M.,Yi, Sukyoung Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.393 No.4
<P>ABSTRACT</P><P>We present observations of the CO(1-0) emission in the central 750 pc (10 arcsec) of the counter-rotating disc galaxy NGC 4550, obtained at the Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) Plateau de Bure Interferometer. Very little molecular gas is detected, only 1×10<SUP>7</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, and its distribution is lopsided, with twice as much molecular gas observed at positive relative velocities than at negative relative velocities. The velocity gradient in the CO(1-0) emission shows that the molecular gas rotates like the thicker of the two stellar discs, which is an unexpected alignment of rotations if the thinner disc was formed by a major gas accretion event. However, a simulation shows that the gas rotating like the thicker disc naturally results from the coplanar merger of two counter-rotating disc galaxies, demonstrating the feasibility of this scenario for the formation of NGC 4550. We investigate various star formation tracers to determine whether the molecular gas in NGC 4550 is currently forming stars. Ultraviolet (UV) imaging data and optical absorption line strengths both suggest a recent star formation episode; the best-fitting two-population model to the UV-optical colours yields a mass of young stars of 5.9×10<SUP>7</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> with an age of 280 Myr. The best information on the current star formation rate is a far-infrared-based upper limit of only 0.02 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>−1</SUP>. We are thus witnessing NGC 4550 either in a dip within a bursty star formation period or during a more continuous low-level star formation episode.</P>
Lalonde, Donald,Martin, Alison Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2014 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.41 No.4
This is a review article of the wide-awake approach to hand surgery. More than 95% of all hand surgery can now be performed without a tourniquet. Epinephrine is injected with lidocaine for hemostasis and anesthesia instead of a tourniquet and sedation. This is sedation-free surgery, much like a visit to a dental office. The myth of danger of using epinephrine in the finger is reviewed. The wide awake technique is greatly improving results in tendon repair, tenolysis, and tendon transfer. Here, we will explain its advantages.
Donald Lalonde,Alison Martin 대한성형외과학회 2014 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.41 No.4
This is a review article of the wide-awake approach to hand surgery. More than 95% of allhand surgery can now be performed without a tourniquet. Epinephrine is injected withlidocaine for hemostasis and anesthesia instead of a tourniquet and sedation. This is sedationfreesurgery, much like a visit to a dental office. The myth of danger of using epinephrine inthe finger is reviewed. The wide awake technique is greatly improving results in tendon repair,tenolysis, and tendon transfer. Here, we will explain its advantages
Prunella Blinman,Corona Gainford,Mark Donoghoe,Julie Martyn,Penny Blomfield,Peter Grant,Ganessan Kichenadasse,Michelle Vaughan,Alison Brand,Catherine Shannon,Val Gebski,Martin Stockler,Michael Friedla 대한부인종양학회 2013 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.24 No.4
Objective: Intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy in women with optimally debulked stage III ovarian cancer has been reported to prolong overall survival, but has not been widely adopted due to concerns about its toxicity, inconvenience and acceptability to patients. The purposes of this study were to determine the regimen’s feasibility, adverse events, catheter-related complications, progression-free survival, health-related quality of life (HRQL), and patients’ preferences for IP versus intravenous (IV) chemotherapy. Methods: We conducted a single arm, multi-center study of IP chemotherapy with IV paclitaxel 135 mg/m2 (D1) over 3 hours, IP cisplatin 75 mg/m2 (D2), and IP paclitaxel 60 mg/m2 (D8) for 6 cycles in women with optimally debulked stage III ovarian or related cancers. Results: Thirty-eight eligible patients were recruited from 12 sites between July 2007 and December 2009. Seventy-one percent (n=27) completed at least 4 cycles and 63% (n=24) completed all 6 cycles. Grade 3 or 4 adverse events included nausea (n=2), vomiting (n=2), abdominal pain (n=2), and diarrhea (n=1), but not febrile neutropenia, neurotoxicity, or nephropathy. There were no treatment-related deaths. Catheter-related complications were the most frequent cause of early discontinuation of treatment (16 patients, 21%). Apart from neurotoxicity HRQL which worsened over time, HRQL was stable or improved with time. Most patients (≥50%) judged moderate benefits (e.g., an extra 6 months survival time or a 5% improvement in survival rates) necessary to make IP chemotherapy worthwhile. Conclusion: IP chemotherapy was feasible, tolerable, and most participants considered moderate survival benefits sufficient to warrant the adverse effects and inconvenience.