Bioaffinity detection of pathogens on surfaces

Alastair W. Wark,이재영,김수희,Shaikh Nayeem Faisal,이혜진 한국공업화학회 2010 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.16 No.2

The demand for improved technologies capable of rapidly detecting pathogens with high sensitivity and selectivity in complex environments continues to be a significant challenge that helps drive the development of new analytical techniques. Surface-based detection platforms are particularly attractive asmultiple bioaffinity interactions between different targets and corresponding probemolecules can be monitored simultaneously in a single measurement. Furthermore, the possibilities for developing new signal transduction mechanisms alongside novel signal amplification strategies aremuchmore varied. In this article, we describe some of the latest advances in the use of surface bioaffinity detection of pathogens. Three major sections will be discussed: (i) a brief overview on the choice of probe molecules such as antibodies, proteins and aptamers specific to pathogens and surface attachment chemistries to immobilize those probes onto various substrates, (ii) highlighting examples among the current generation of surface biosensors, and (iii) exploring emerging technologies that are highly promising and likely to form the basis of the next generation of pathogenic sensors.

Dual Nanoparticle Amplified Surface Plasmon Resonance Detection of Thrombin at Subattomolar Concentrations

Baek, Seung Hee,Wark, Alastair W.,Lee, Hye Jin American Chemical Society 2014 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - Vol.86 No.19

<P>A novel dual nanoparticle amplification approach is introduced for the enhanced surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detection of a target protein at subattomolar concentrations. Thrombin was used as a model target protein as part of a sandwich assay involving an antithrombin (anti-Th) modified SPR chip surface and a thrombin specific DNA aptamer (Th-aptamer) whose sequence also includes a polyadenine (A<SUB>30</SUB>) tail. Dual nanoparticle (NP) enhancement was achieved with the controlled hybridization adsorption of first polythymine-NP conjugates (T<SUB>20</SUB>-NPs) followed by polyadenine-NPs (A<SUB>30</SUB>-NPs). Two different nanoparticle shapes (nanorod and quasi-spherical) were explored resulting in four different NP pair combinations being directly compared. It was found that both the order and NP shape were important in optimizing the assay performance. The use of real-time SPR measurements to detect target concentrations as low as 0.1 aM is a 10-fold improvement compared to single NP-enhanced SPR detection methods.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancham/2014/ancham.2014.86.issue-19/ac5024183/production/images/medium/ac-2014-024183_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ac5024183'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Attomolar detection of protein biomarkers using biofunctionalized gold nanorods with surface plasmon resonance

Sim, Hye Rim,Wark, Alastair W.,Lee, Hye Jin Royal Society of Chemistry 2010 The Analyst Vol.135 No.10

<P>This paper describes an ultrasensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detection method using biofunctionalized gold nanorods for the direct detection of protein biomarkers. Immunoglobulin E (IgE), which has separate antibody and DNA aptamer binding sites, was chosen as a model protein for which a sandwich assay platform was designed. Detection was achieved <I>via</I> the specific adsorption of unlabelled IgE proteins onto the surface immobilized aptamer followed by the specific adsorption of anti-IgE coated gold nanorods (Au-NRs). Using the biofunctionalized nanorods in conjunction with SPR, we were able to directly measure IgE proteins at attomolar concentrations. This is a remarkable 10<SUP>8</SUP> enhancement compared to conventional SPR measurements of the same surface sandwich assay format ‘anti-IgE/IgE/surface bound IgE-aptamer’ in the absence of gold nanorod signal amplification.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A novel detection method utilizing antibody functionalized gold nanorods in conjunction with surface plasmon resonance was developed for the attomolar detection of protein biomarkers. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c0an00457j'> </P>

Ultrasensitive and Ultrawide Range Detection of a Cardiac Biomarker on a Surface Plasmon Resonance Platform

Jang, Hye Ri,Wark, Alastair W.,Baek, Seung Hee,Chung, Bong Hyun,Lee, Hye Jin American Chemical Society 2014 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - Vol.86 No.1

<P>One of the main challenges in the development of new analytical platforms for ultrasensitive bioaffinity detection is jointly achieving a wide dynamic range in target analyte concentration, especially for approaches that rely on multistep processes as a part of the signal amplification mechanism. In this paper, a new surface-based sandwich assay is introduced for the direct detection of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), an important biomarker for cardiac failure, at concentrations ranging from 1 aM to 500 nM. This was achieved using nanoparticle-enhanced surface plasmon resonance (SPR) where a DNA aptamer is immobilized on a chemically modified gold surface in conjunction with the specific adsorption of antiBNP coated gold nanocubes in the presence of the biomarker target. A concentration detection range greater than eleven orders of magnitude was achieved through dynamic control of only the secondary nanoparticle probe concentration. Furthermore, detection at low attomolar concentrations was also achieved in undiluted human serum.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancham/2014/ancham.2014.86.issue-1/ac4033565/production/images/medium/ac-2013-033565_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ac4033565'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Second Harmonic Scattering from Silver Nanocubes

Russier-Antoine, Isabelle,Lee, Hye Jin,Wark, Alastair W.,Butet, Jé,ré,my,Benichou, Emmanuel,Jonin, Christian,Martin, Olivier J. F.,Brevet, Pierre-Franç,ois American Chemical Society 2018 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.122 No.30

<P>The second harmonic light scattered from silver nanocubes dispersed in an aqueous suspension is investigated. The first hyperpolarizability is determined and corrected for resonance enhancement. It is shown to be similar to that of silver nanospheres with a comparable volume. The polarization-resolved analysis of the scattered harmonic intensity exhibits a surface response strongly modulated by the different multipolar field contributions. As a result, the shape does not play a leading role anymore for nanoparticles with a centrosymmetric shape when retardation must be considered. Comparing the right angle and forward-scattered polarized intensity responses, the unequal balance of the eight nanocube corners’ contribution to the total response is revealed despite the high degree of centrosymmetry of the cubic shape. It is then demonstrated with a simple model that the nanocubes’ first hyperpolarizability exhibits an octupolar tensorial symmetry. The surface integral equation method calculations are finally provided to investigate further the role of the corners’ and edges’ rounding.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Nanoparticle-EnhancedSurface Plasmon Resonance Detectionof Proteins at Attomolar Concentrations: Comparing Different NanoparticleShapes and Sizes

Kwon, Min Jeong,Lee, Jaeyoung,Wark, Alastair W.,Lee, Hye Jin American ChemicalSociety 2012 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - Vol.84 No.3

<P>The application of biofunctionalized nanoparticles possessing various shapes and sizes for the enhanced surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detection of a protein biomarker at attomolar concentrations is described. Three different gold nanopartide shapes (cubic cages, rods and quasi-spherical) with each possessing at least one dimension in the 40-50 nm range were systematically compared. Each nanoparticle (NP) was covalently functionalized with an antibody (anti-thrombin) and used as part of a sandwich assay in conjunction with a Au SPR chip modified with a DNA-aptamer probe specific to thrombin. The concentration of each NP-antibody conjugate solution was first optimized prior to establishing that the quasi-spherical nanopartides resulted in the greatest enhancement in sensitivity with the detection of thrombin at concentrations as low as 1 aM. When nanorod and nanocage antibody conjugates were instead used, the minimum target concentrations detected were 10 aM (rods) and 1 fM (cages). This is a significant improvement (>10(3)) on previous NP-enhanced SPR studies utilizing smaller (similar to 15 nm) gold NP conjugates and is attributed to the functionalization of both the NP and chip surfaces resulting in low nonspecific adsorption as well as a combination of density increases and plasmonic coupling inducing large shifts in the local refractive index at the chip surface upon nanoparticle adsorption.</P>

Tandem Femto- and Nanomolar Analysis of Two Protein Biomarkers in Plasma on a Single Mixed Antibody Monolayer Surface Using Surface Plasmon Resonance

Kim, Suhee,Park, Jeong Won,Wark, Alastair W.,Jhung, Sung Hwa,Lee, Hye Jin American Chemical Society 2017 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - Vol.89 No.22

<P>The multiplexed detection of protein biomarkers in plasma present over a range of clinically relevant concentrations continues to be difficult for surface-based bioaffinity detection platforms such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR). As well as nonspecific adsorption, challenges include quantitative comparison between targets whose concentrations differ by orders of magnitude, regenerating SPR chips after plasma exposure, and the two- or four-channel limitation of many commercial SPR instruments limiting sample throughput. In this article, we explore an approach where two protein biomarkers alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) and Tau 381 are detected in tandem within a single SPR channel at micromolar and femtomolar concentrations, respectively. This was achieved by creating a mixed antibody (antiAAT and antiTau) monolayer on the chip surface. After the adsorption of AAT and/or Tau, further specificity was obtained via the adsorption of a DNA aptamer specific to each target. The detection range for each target was controlled via the relative surface density ratio of each antibody type as well as each aptamer concentration. Calibration measurements were performed in both buffer and spiked plasma with the detection of native concentrations of ∼39 fM (Tau) and ∼65 μM (AAT) in a human plasma sample. Finally, tandem measurements of both targets within the same SPR signal channel were demonstrated at these very different concentrations.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancham/2017/ancham.2017.89.issue-22/acs.analchem.7b03837/production/images/medium/ac-2017-03837q_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ac7b03837'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>