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Akbar Zare,Mehdi Shiva,Ahad Zare,Ali Akbar Mirzaei 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.6
The Co–Ni/Al2O3 catalysts prepared using impregnation procedure, were used for the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. The effect of calcination conditions of the catalyst as well as reactor situation was studied. It was found that the catalyst calcined at 550 8C for 6 h in air atmosphere has shown the best catalytic performance for CO hydrogenation. The best operational conditions were obtained as following:T = 350 8C, P = 1 atm and H2/CO = 2/1.
A brief review on graphene applications in rechargeable lithium ion battery electrode materials
Sameen Akbar,Muhammad Rehan,Liu Haiyang,Iqra Rafique,Hurria Akbar 한국탄소학회 2018 Carbon Letters Vol.28 No.-
Graphene is a single atomic layer of carbon atoms, and has exceptional electrical, mechanical, and optical characteristics. It has been broadly utilized in the fields of material science, physics, chemistry, device fabrication, information, and biology. In this review paper, we briefly investigate the ideas, structure, characteristics, and fabrication techniques for graphene applications in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). In LIBs, a constant three-dimensional (3D) conductive system can adequately enhance the transportation of electrons and ions of the electrode material. The use of 3D graphene and graphene-expansion electrode materials can significantly upgrade LIBs characteristics to give higher electric conductivity, greater capacity, and good stability. This review demonstrates several recent advances in graphenecontaining LIB electrode materials, and addresses probable trends into the future.
Ali Akbar Abbasian Arani,Ali Akbar Azemati,Mohammad Rezaee,Behzad Shirkavand Hadavand 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.5
Natural convection in enclosures containing nanofluids is important in physical and environmental applications. Different models for conduction have been developed because of the importance of this phenomenon in natural convection in enclosures. In this study, effects of conduction models of Chon, Corcione, Khanafer, and Koo and Kleinstreuer on the natural convection inside a trapezoidal enclosure with hot and cold walls are evaluated numerically. The enclosure contains Al 2 O 3 -water nanofluid with variable properties. Effects of the conduction models on fluid flow, natural convection, variations in volume fraction, and diameter of nanoparticles in the models, as well as the variations in the Rayleigh number, are examined. Results show that at Rayleigh numbers of 10 5 and 10 6 , the maximum and minimum values of the average Nusselt number are obtained using the models of Khanafer and Chon, respectively. In all models, the average Nusselt number presents upward and downward trends when the volume fraction of nanoparticles increases but decreases when the diameter of the nanoparticles increases. At Ra = 10 5 in all models, as the volume fraction of nanoparticles increases, the nanofluid provides a higher average Nusselt number compared with the base fluid. By contrast, at Ra = 10 6 , at volume fractions larger than 0.01 and using the model of Chon, the average Nusselt number of the nanofluid is lower compared with that of the base fluid.
A Product Inhibition Study on Adenosine Deaminase by Spectroscopy and Calorimetry
(Ali Akbar Saboury),(Ghasem Ataie Jafari),(Ali Akbar Moosavi Movahedi),(Mohammad Reza Housaindokht),(Gholam Hosain Hakimelahi),(Adeleh Divsalar) 생화학분자생물학회 2002 BMB Reports Vol.35 No.3
Kinetic and thermodynamic studies have been made on the effect of the inosine product on the activity of adenosine deaminase in a 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.5, at 27oC using UV spectrophotometry and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). A competitive inhibition was observed for inosine as a product of the enzymatic reaction. A graphical-fitting method was used for determination of the binding constant and enthalpy of inhibitor binding by using isothermal titration microcalorimetry data. The dissociation-binding constant is equal to 140 μM by the microcalorimetry method, which agrees well with the value of 143 μM for the inhibition constant that was obtained from the spectroscopy method.
A Product Inhibition Study on Adenosine Deaminase by Spectroscopy and Calorimetry
Saboury, Ali Akbar,Divsalar, Adeleh,Jafari, Ghasem Ataie,Moosavi-Movahedi, Ali Akbar,Housaindokht, Mohammad Reza,Hakimelahi, Hosain 생화학분자생물학회 2002 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.35 No.3
Kinetic and thermodynamic studies have been made on the effect of the inosine product on the activity of adenosine deaminase in a 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.5, at $27^{\circ}C$ using UV spectrophotometry and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). A competitive inhibition was observed for inosine as a product of the enzymatic reaction. A graphical-fitting method was used for determination of the binding constant and enthalpy of inhibitor binding by using isothermal titration microcalorimetry data. The dissociation-binding constant is equal to $140\;{\mu}M$ by the microcalorimetry method, which agrees well with the value of $143\;{\mu}M$ for the inhibition constant that was obtained from the spectroscopy method.
A structural model updating method using incomplete power spectral density function and modal data
Akbar Esfandiari,Maryam Ghareh Chaei,Fayaz R. Rofooei 국제구조공학회 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.68 No.1
In this study, a frequency domain model updating method is presented using power spectral density (PSD) data. It uses the sensitivity of PSD function with respect to the unknown structural parameters through a decomposed form of transfer function. The stiffness parameters are captured with high accuracy through solving the sensitivity equations utilizing the least square approach. Using numerically noise polluted data, the model updating results of a truss model prove robustness of the method against measurement and mass modelling errors. Results prove the capabilities of the method for parameter estimation using highly noise polluted data of low ranges of excitation frequency.
Outcome of Rectal Cancer in Patients Aged 30 Years or Less in the Pakistani Population
Akbar, Ali,Bhatti, Abu Bakar Hafeez,Khattak, Shahid,Syed, Aamir Ali,Kazmi, Ather Saeed,Jamshed, Aarif Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.15
Background: The incidence of rectal cancer is increasing in younger age groups. Limited data is available regarding survival outcome in younger patients with conflicting results from western world. The goal of this study was to determine survival in patients with rectal cancer <30 years of age and compare it with their older counterparts in the Pakistani population. Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients operated for rectal adenocarcinoma between January 2005 and December 2010 was performed. Patients were divided into two groups, Group 1 aged ${\leq}30years$ and Group 2 aged >30years. Patient characteristics, surgical procedure, histopathological details and number of loco-regional and distant failures were compared. Expected 5 year survival was calculated using Kaplan Meier curves and significance was determined using the Log rank test. Results: There were 38 patients in group 1 and 144 in group 2. A significantly high number of younger patients presented with poorly differentiated histology (44.7% vs 9.7%) (p=0.0001) and advanced pathological stage (63.1% vs 38.1%) (p=0.04). Predicted overall 5 year survival was 38% versus 57% in groups I and II, respectively (p=0.05). Disease free survival was 37% versus 52% and was significantly different (p=0.007). Conclusions: Early onset rectal cancer is associated with poor pathological features and a worse outcome in Pakistani population.
Seismic performance of RC frames retrofitted with haunch technique
Akbar, Junaid,Ahmad, Naveed,Alam, Bashir,Ashraf, Muhammad Techno-Press 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.67 No.1
Shake table tests performed on five 1:3 reduced scale two story RC moment resisting frames having construction defects, have shown severe joint damageability in deficient RC frames, resulting in joint panels' cover spalling and core concrete crushing. Haunch retrofitting technique was adopted herein to upgrade the seismic resistance of the deficient RC frames. Additional four deficient RC frames were built and retrofitted with steel haunch; both axially stiffer and deformable with energy dissipation, fixed to the beam-column connections to reduce shear demand on joint panels. The as-built and retrofitted frames' seismic response parameters are calculated and compared to evaluate the viability of haunch retrofitting technique. The haunch retrofitting technique increased the lateral stiffness and strength of the structure, resulting in the increase of structure's overstrength. The retrofitting increased response modification factor R by 60% to 100%. Further, the input excitation PGA was correlated with the lateral roof displacement to derive structure response curve that have shown significant resistance of retrofitted models against input excitations. The technique can significantly enhance the seismic performance of deficient RC frames, particularly against the frequent and rare earthquake events, hence, promising for seismic risk mitigation.
Manual Liquid Based Cytology for Pap Smear Preparation and HPV Detection by PCR in Pakistan
Akbar, Shehla,Pervez, Shgufta Nasir,Shah, Walayat Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.2
This study was conducted on female patients with different gynecological problems attending the gynecology out-patient departments of two tertiary care hospitals in Peshawar city of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan between August 2012 and October 2013. The 200 patients had an age range of 21-65 years. Smears were taken with cervical brushes and preserved in preservative medium and processed for manual liquid based cytology (MLBC) for Pap staining. Out of 200 collected samples, 30 samples were found inadequate on cytology. Of the remaining 170 samples, 164 (96.47%) were normal, 5 (2.94%) were of atypical squamous cells of unknown significance (ASCUS) and 1 (0.6%) was of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). On PCR all the samples were positive for beta globin gene fragment including those reported inadequate on cytology. Out of the 5 ASCUS samples, 2 samples were positive for HPV, one each for HPV 16 and HPV 18, and the rest of the 3 samples were negative for HPV DNA. The 1 sample of HSIL was positive for HPV 16 on PCR. Out of 164 normal samples on cytology, only 1 sample was HPV 16 positive. So overall, 4 (2%) out of 200 samples were positive for HPV DNA, where 3 were HPV 16 (1.5%), and 1 was HPV 18 (0.5%) positive, and thus the ratio of infection with of HPV 16 to HPV 18 was 3:1 in the general population. In conclusion, PCR based HPV detection is a more sensitive method for screening of HPV infection than cytology as sample inadequacy does not affect the results. However, it can be combined with cytology methods in a HPV positive female to achieve the maximum results.
Akbar Eslami,Fayyaz Mehdipour,Rouzan Feizi,Farshid Ghanbari,Kun-Yi Andrew Lin,Amin Bagheri,Soheila Madihi-Bidgoli 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.4
Para-nitrophenol (PNP) is a toxic compound widely used in various industries. The release of PNP into the environment not only threatens human health but the ecosystem. Hence, the treatment of contaminated water is necessary. Periodate (PI) is a new oxidant which is used for the generation of free radicals. In the current work, PI was concurrently activated by ultraviolet (UV) and ultrasound (US) to eliminate PNP from aqueous solution. The effects of operating parameters were studied and complete degradation of PNP was obtained in 30 min. The presence of ferrous ions increased the PNP degradation rate. Scavenging experiments confirmed that HO• and IO • 3 were corresponding agents of the PNP degradation, which the latter had a bold role. The performance of PI/UV/US was examined on real wastewater and the results showed that 70% of total phenol was removed during 60 min. The PNP degradation intermediate was recognized and a pathway of PNP degradation was proposed. Although PI/UV/US process is high energy consuming, its excellent performance can be a rational reason for the scaling up the process.