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Abdel-Mohsen, Mohamed Ahmed,Ahmed, Omiama Ali,El-Kerm, Yasser Mostafa Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.3
Background: It is well established that mutations in the BRCA1 gene are a major risk factor for breast cancer. Induction of cancer cell death and inhibition of survival are the main principles of cancer therapy. In this context, autophagy may have dual roles in cancer, acting on the one hand as a tumor suppressor and on the other as a mechanism of cell survival that can promote the growth of established tumors. Therefore, understanding the role of autophagy in cancer treatment is critical. Moreover, defects in apoptosis, programmed cell death, may lead to increased resistance to chemotherapy. Purpose: The aim of the present study was to detect BRCA1 gene mutations in order to throw more light on their roles as risk factors for breast cancer in Egypt. Secondly the role of autophagy and apoptosis in determining response to a fluorouracil, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide (FAC) regimen was investigated. Materials and Methods: Forty-five female breast cancer cases and thirty apparently healthy females were enrolled in the present study. Serum levels of autophagic biomarkers, Beclin 1 and LC3 as well as the serum levels of apoptosis biomarkers Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 were measured before and after chemotherapy. Results: BRCA1 mutations were found in 5 (16.7%) and 44 (99.8%) of the controls and cancer patients, the most frequent being 5382insC followed by C61G and 185 delAG. The results revealed that chemotherapy caused elevation in serum concentration levels of the autophagic biomarkers (Beclin 1 and LC3). This elevation was associated with a significant decrease in serum concentration levels of Bcl-2 and significant increase in caspase-3 concentration levels (apoptotic markers). Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate a very high level of BRCA mutations in breast cancer cases in Egypt and point to involvement of autophagic and apoptotic machinery activation in response to FAC chemotherapy.
Abdel-Mohsen, Shawkat A. Korean Chemical Society 2005 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.26 No.5
A novel 2-amino-4-(8-quinolinol-5-yl)-1- (p-tolyl)-pyrrole-3-cabonitrile (2) was obtained by the reaction of 2-[2-bromo-1-(8-hydroxyquinolin-5-yl)-ethylidene]-malononitrile (1) with p-toluidene. The new synthon compound (2) could be annelated to the corresponding pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines (4, 6, 7, 26-28), triazolo[1,5-c]pyrrolo[3,2-e]pyrimidines (10, 29, 30), pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyrazoles (11-15), pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrolo[3,2-e] pyrimidine (17) and imidazo[1,2-c]pyrrolo[3,2-e]pyrimidines (18-25) via the reaction with some reagents such as acetic anhydride, formamide, triethyl orthoformate, hydrazine hydrate, hydroxylamine, ethylenediamine, carbon disulfide and phosphorus oxychloride. Chemical and spectroscopic evidences for the structures of these compounds are presented. The antifungal and antibacterial activity of the newly synthesized comounds were evaluated.
Unilateral Giant Bullae: Pulmonary Placental Transmogrification Should Be Kept in Mind: Case Reports
Abdel-Mohsen M. Hamad,Mona M. Nosseir,Saleh M. Alorainy 대한흉부외과학회 2021 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.54 No.5
Placental transmogrification is a peculiar clinical entity of the lung of uncertain etiology. We report 2 cases of pulmonary placental transmogrification in 2 patients of different nationalities. Both of them had no history of smoking or chronic lung disease. The main presentations were dyspnea and chest pain. Radiologic studies showed a unilateral giant bulla in both patients; additional pneumothorax was present in only 1patient. They un- derwent surgical bullectomy. Histopathologic studies revealed the presence of intracystic placenta-like villous structures and a diagnosis of placental transmogrification was made. Placental transmogrification should be considered in cases of unilateral bullae.
Shawkat A. Abdel-Mohsen 대한화학회 2005 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.26 No.5
A novel 2-amino-4-(8-quinolinol-5-yl)-1- (p-tolyl)-pyrrole-3-cabonitrile (2) was obtained by the reaction of 2-[2-bromo-1-(8-hydroxyquinolin-5-yl)-ethylidene]-malononitrile (1) with p-toluidene. The new synthon compound (2) could be annelated to the corresponding pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines (4, 6, 7, 26-28), triazolo[1,5-c]pyrrolo[3,2-e]pyrimidines (10, 29, 30), pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyrazoles (11-15), pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrolo[3,2-e] pyrimidine (17) and imidazo[1,2-c]pyrrolo[3,2-e]pyrimidines (18-25) via the reaction with some reagents such as acetic anhydride, formamide, triethyl orthoformate, hydrazine hydrate, hydroxylamine, ethylenediamine, carbon disulfide and phosphorus oxychloride. Chemical and spectroscopic evidences for the structures of these compounds are presented. The antifungal and antibacterial activity of the newly synthesized comounds were evaluated.
Searching for the viability of using thorium-based accident-tolerant fuel for VVER-1200
Mohsen Mohamed Y.M.,Abdel-Rahman Mohamed A.E.,Omar Ahmed,Alnassar Nassar,Galahom A. Abdelghafar 한국원자력학회 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.1
This study explores the feasibility of employing (U, Th)-based accident tolerant fuels (ATFs), specifically (0.8UO2, 0.2ThO2), (0.8UN, 0.2ThN), and (0.8UC, 0.2ThC). The investigation assesses the overall performance of these proposed fuel materials in comparison to the conventional UO2, focusing on deep neutronic and thermal-hydraulic (Th) analyses. Neutronic analysis utilized the MCNPX code, while COMSOL Multiphysics was employed for thermal-hydraulic analysis. The primary objective of this research is to overcome the limitations associated with traditional UO2 fuel by exploring alternative fuel materials that offer advantages in terms of abundance and potential improvements in performance and safety. Given the limited abundance of UO2, long-term sustainable nuclear energy production faces challenges. From a neutronic standpoint, the U–Th based fuels demonstrated remarkable fuel cycle lengths, except (0.8UN, 0.2ThN), which exhibited the minimum fuel cycle length and, consequently, the lowest fuel burn-up. Regarding thermal-hydraulic performance, (0.8UN, 0.2ThN) exhibited outstanding performance with significant margins against fuel melting compared to the other materials. Overall, when considering the integrated performance, the most favourable results were obtained with the use of the (0.8UC, 0.2ThC) fuel configurations. This study contributes valuable insights into the potential benefits of (U, Th)- based ATFs as a promising avenue for enhanced nuclear fuel performance.
Walaa Abdel‑Aziem,Atef Hamada,Takehiko Makino,Mohsen A. Hassan 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.6
The Micro/meso-forming of commercially pure aluminum, AA1070, processed at room temperature by equal channel angularpressing (ECAP) with a die channel angle of 90° through 4 deformation passes has been conducted. Microstructure features,such as grain size, misorientation angle distributions and the developed texture during the four deformation passes of micro/meso-ECAP have been investigated by Electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) technique. Then, hardness measurementsover the cross-section of the processed samples were correlated with the EBSD analysis. EBSD scans revealed thatextended shear bands are formed and represent the microstructural feature induced during micro/meso-forming. Whereas,a non-uniform grain structure consisting of intensive low-angle grain boundaries was obtained in the first pass, a uniformultrafine-grained structure of high-angle grain boundaries (in the range of 1–2 μm) was achieved at the fourth pass. Consequently,a significant improvement in the hardness value to 65.3%, with respect to the starting material, was achieved due tothe enhancement of the fine grain structure. The texture analysis exhibited that the high plastic shear strain associated withmicro/meso-scale ECAP was capable to develop a weak texture in the flow plane compared to the starting texture.
Mona Abdel Latif Alsayed,Shymaa Mohsen Elbeah,Manal M. El-Desoky,Shereen Magdy Elziny,Ahmed Megahed 대한소아소화기영양학회 2020 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.23 No.1
Purpose: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic disease that may lead to cirrhosis. The immunopathogenesis of AIH is not fully understood and it mainly involves T-cell mediated mechanism. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that promotes T cell response and its polymorphism may serve as a severity marker of AIH. No previous study has considered investigating MIF polymorphism in children with AIH. Methods: Forty-two children with definite diagnosis of AIH were enrolled along with 100 age and sex matched controls. All participants were tested for polymorphism at -173GC (rs755622) of MIF gene. All patients received the standard protocol of steroid plus azathioprine to achieve remission. Liver biopsy was performed at time of diagnosis for all patients and only 18 of them underwent a second biopsy after treatment. Results: No statistically significant differences in the frequency of the genotypes GG and GC or in allele distribution were found in both patient and control groups (p=0.590, 0.640 respectively). Initial alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels at the time of presentation was significantly higher in the GC group than GG group (p=0.020). GC genotype significantly correlated with disease relapse (r=0.41, p=0.007). Regression of necroinflammation and the fibrosis score in the second liver biopsy was statistically significant in the GG group (p<0.0001, p=0.010 respectively). Conclusion: MIF -173GC polymorphism is associated with clinically significant markers of pediatric AIH, including increased initial serum ALT levels, may help predict necroinflammatory/fibrosis regression effectively, following immunosuppressive treatment.
Alsayed, Mona Abdel Latif,Elbeah, Shymaa Mohsen,El-Desoky, Manal M.,Elziny, Shereen Magdy,Megahed, Ahmed The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2020 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.23 No.1
Purpose: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic disease that may lead to cirrhosis. The immunopathogenesis of AIH is not fully understood and it mainly involves T-cell mediated mechanism. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that promotes T cell response and its polymorphism may serve as a severity marker of AIH. No previous study has considered investigating MIF polymorphism in children with AIH. Methods: Forty-two children with definite diagnosis of AIH were enrolled along with 100 age and sex matched controls. All participants were tested for polymorphism at -173GC (rs755622) of MIF gene. All patients received the standard protocol of steroid plus azathioprine to achieve remission. Liver biopsy was performed at time of diagnosis for all patients and only 18 of them underwent a second biopsy after treatment. Results: No statistically significant differences in the frequency of the genotypes GG and GC or in allele distribution were found in both patient and control groups (p=0.590, 0.640 respectively). Initial alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels at the time of presentation was significantly higher in the GC group than GG group (p=0.020). GC genotype significantly correlated with disease relapse (r=0.41, p=0.007). Regression of necroinflammation and the fibrosis score in the second liver biopsy was statistically significant in the GG group (p<0.0001, p=0.010 respectively). Conclusion: MIF -173GC polymorphism is associated with clinically significant markers of pediatric AIH, including increased initial serum ALT levels, may help predict necroinflammatory/fibrosis regression effectively, following immunosuppressive treatment.