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Electrochemical sensing of H2O2 using cobalt oxide modified TiO2 nanotubes
Ullah Rahim,Rasheed Muhammad Asim,Abbas Shafqat,Rehman Khalil-ul,Shah Attaullah,Ullah Karim,Khan Yaqoob,Bibi Maryam,Ahmad Mashkoor,Ali Ghafar 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.38 No.-
Cobalt oxide (Co3O4) modified anatase titanium dioxide nanotubes (ATNTs) have been investigated for the electrochemical sensing of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). ATNTs have been synthesized by a two-step anodization process. ATNTs were then modified with Co3O4 employing chemical bath deposition method. The structure and morphology of ATNTs and their modification with Co3O4 has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction by scanning electron microscopy. H2O2 sensing has been studied in 0.1 M PBS solution, by cyclic voltammetry and amperometry. Variation in the peak positions and current densities was observed with addition of H2O2 for Co3O4 modified ATNTs. Sensitivity and limit of detection improved with modification of ATNTs with Co3O4 with precursor concentration up to 0.8 M. However, at higher precursor concentrations sensitivity and limit of detection toward H2O2 deteriorated. Co3O4 Modified ATNTS using 0.8 M precursor concentration are comparatively more suitable for H2O2 sensing applications due to the optimum formation of Co3O4/ATNTs heterojunctions.
Chlorodifluoromethane (R22) Gas and Its Mixtures with CO2/N2/Air as an Alternative to SF6
Saleem Muhammad Zaheer,Kamran Muhammad,Amin Salman,Ullah Rahmat,Abbas Kharal Hafiz Shafqat,Nasimullah,Muhammad Fazal,Rahman Taqi ur 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.3
SF 6 has been extensively deployed in high voltage gas insulated equipment to be used as a dielectric medium since 1960 because of its excellent dielectric strength and arc interruption performance. This research proposes promising substitute of SF 6 , by investigating a refrigerant gas such as Chlorodifl uoromethane (CHClF 2 ) with a mixture of CO 2 /N 2 /Air to mitigate environmental hazards of SF 6 . R 22 has less atmospheric life and low cost as compared to SF 6 . It has less GWP (1,810) as compared to SF 6 (23,900). In this research, the AC and DC breakdown properties of R 22 mixtures along with varying ratios of CO 2 , N 2, and Air were investigated. The best alternative to SF 6 has been found to be a mixture of R 22 + N 2 which is close to 81% of SF 6 dielectric strength. The dielectric strength of diff erent optimal mixtures was found in the order of SF 6 > R 22 + N 2 > R 22 + Air > R 22 + CO 2 under AC voltage at 0.4 MPa. Moreover, the boiling point and GWP were further reduced by adding the buff er gases such as N 2, , CO 2 , and Air. R 22 also has acceptable insulation self-recoverability and liquefaction temperature. The results of this study are promising in terms of low cost and environment-friendly alternative to SF 6 .