蔚山地域의 流通시스템 近代化를 위한 消費者 態度分析

許永道,姜鍾烈,朴琮熙 울산대학교 1988 연구논문집 Vol.19 No.2

蔚山地城 流通시스템의 效率을 증대시키기 위한 방안의 모색을 위해 消費者指向的인 관점에서 소비자의 小賣店鋪에 대한 態度를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 소매점포 선택 요인의 분석과 소매점포에 대한 소비자 滿足要因의 분석이 이루어졌다. 硏究의 結果 소매점포의 선택용니은 점포의 類型에 관계없이 같지는 않은 것으로 나타났고, 만족요인도 점포유형에 따라 어느정도 차이를 보였으며 점포유형별 만족도에서도 差異를 보였다. This paper is concerned with the question of how to improve the efficiency of distribution sustems in Ulsan area. For this purpose, we analyze the consumer attitudes of retail stores in the viewpoint of consumer orientation. It includes the investigation of attribute importance in retail store selection and the idenfication of the factors that may determine consumer satisfaction with retail stores. As the results of our analysis, the attribure importance is differenctly attached according to the store types, though it has somewhat similarity across the store types. The satisfaction factors and teh satifaction level are variable according to the store types.

외국인직접투자의 기술이전 효과에 관한 연구

허영도 대한경영학회 2003 大韓經營學會誌 Vol.16 No.6

In this paper, I tried to find out the spillover effect of foreign direct investment(FDI) in Korea through an empirical analysis. My empirical finding at the industry level was that the spillover effect could be found in some industries, but not in other industries. So, I made three hypothesis on the spillover effect of FDI according to three characteristics of industries, e.g. the strength of competition, R&D intensity, technological gap between FDI firms and local firms. The empirical results of those three hypothesis test could be summarized as follows; Firstly, the spillover effects of FDI was the larger, the weaker the competiton level of the FDI industry. Secondly, the spillover effects of FDI was the larger, the higher the R&D intensity of the FDI inustry. Thirdly, the spillover effects of FDI was the larger, the smaller the gap of technological level between FDI firms and local firms. The above results suggest that there exists positive spillovers from the FDI firms because these firms might have excellent technologies with the motivation to exploit them in the low competition market, in which market the rate of margin could be so high. In the next stage, local firms may be stimulated to level up their productivity to survive out of the competition with the FDI firms. The second suggestion is that the possibility of spillover could be high when the local firms are engaged in continuous R&D activities. The third suggestion is that the spillover effect could be more enhanced when the technological frontier of FDI firms are more closer with that of Korean firms because the technology will be transferred more easily in this case.

韓國企業의 國際技術移轉 經路 選擇戰略에 관한 硏究

許永道 韓國國際經營學會 1991 國際經營硏究 Vol.2 No.1

本 硏究에서는 韓國企業에 의한 國際技術移轉 經路의 選擇問題를 다루어 봄으로써 그동안 소홀히 취급되었던 開途國 기업에 의한 國際技術移轉의 특징을 부분적으로나마 분석해 보고자 하였다. 國際技術移轉 經路를 라이센싱과 單獨投資의 두가지로 구분하고 두가지 經路를 선택함에 있어서 한국 기업들은 어떤 要因을 고려하여 意思決定을 내리고 있으며, 그러한 요인들의 특성에 따라 技術移轉 經路의 선택을 어떻게 달리 하는가를 분석하였다. 이러한 분석을 위해 韓國企業의 國際技術移轉 經路의 선택에 영향을 미칠 것으로 생각되는 요인 및 관련변수에 대한 硏究模型 및 硏究假說을 설정하고 설문조사의 결과 수집된 자료를 이용하여 假說을 檢證하였다. 經路 選擇要因의 추출을 위해서는 判別分析(Discriminant Analysis)을 이용하였으며, 추출된 요인이 技術移轉 經路의 선택과 어떤 방향으로 관련되어 있는가에 대한 가설검증을 위해서는 로지트 모델(Logit Model)에 의한 離散變數 回歸分析(Discrete Regression)을 하였다. 실증분석의 결과 韓國企業들은 國際技術移轉 經路의 선택에 있어서 충분한 事前情報의 수집을 하지 않고 일상적으로 손쉽게 접근할 수 있는 판단 기준에 의해서 원시적인 방법으로 意思決定을 하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 그동안 값비싼 댓가를 지불하고 도입한 기술을 改良하고 適合化 시켜 오는 과정에서 어렵게 축적한 여러가지 경험과 노우-하우를 지나치게 과소평가하고 너무나 쉽게 海外로 移轉시켜 주고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 시행착오를 시정하고 우리 기업들이 보유하고 있는 技術에 대한 충분한 댓가를 확보하기 위한 適切한 方案이 마련되어야 할 것으로 본다.

海外直接投資 理論에 對한 體系的 考察

許永道 울산대학교 1985 연구논문집 Vol.16 No.2

本論文에서는 最近 國際經營學 分野에서 대단한 關心을 집중시키고 있는 海外直接投資에 대해서 그동안 開發된 諸理論들을 體系的으로 分析 整理해 보고, 各理論들이 지니고 있는 限界點을 檢討해 봄으로써 海外直接投資에 대한 一般理論의 開發에 보탬이 되고, 우리나라 海外直接投資 理論의 開發에 出發點을 제시하고자 하였다. 海外直接投資에 관한 理論은 대단히 많고 그 說明力 또한 差異가 많기 때문에 本論文에서는 이들을 理論으로 보지 않고 假設로 다루었다. 先進國의 경우 海外直接投資가 이루어지기 위해서는 企業特有의 優位, 內部化 優位, 立地優位의 세 가지 條件이 갖추어져야 하는 식으로 보이며, 이 立場은 던닝의 折衰理論에 의해 가장 잘 代表 되는 것으로 結論지을 수 있겠다. 개발도상국의 경우에는 先進國 理論을 그대로 適用하려는 立場, 開途國 固有의 理論을 개발하려는 立場 및 先進國 理論을 修正適用 하려는 立場 等이 있으나 대체로 그 理論的인 골격은 折衰理論의 構造를 벗어나지 않는 것으로 보여진다. 따라서, 韓國의 海外直接投資 理論을 開發함에 있어서도 基本的으로 析衰理論의 立場에써 出發해 보는 것이 좋을 듯하다. An attempt is made in this paper to survey systematically various publications on foreign direct investment (FDI) which concentrates a great concern in international business field in recent years. The purpose of this survey is to suggest a guideline for the development of general theory on FDI and a starting point in developing a theory on the FDI of Korea through comparative approach to the various theories. Since there is not one but a number of competing theories with varying degrees of power to explain FDI, they are treated in this paper as hypothesis. The concluding observations may be summarized as follows. In case of the developed countries, the determinants of FDI seem to be consisted of firm-specific advantage, internalization advantage and location-specific advantage, and it seems that the representative hypothesis of this viewpoint is the "Eclectic Theory" develpoed by Dunning. And for the FDI of developing countries, three types of hypotheses could be found. The first was to apply the theory developed for the advanced countries' FDI, and the second was to develop unique theory for the developing countries' FDI, and the third was to apply the modified form of advanced countries' FDI theory. The basic framework of the above three hypotheses seems, however, very similiar to that of the "Eclectic Theory. " Therefore, I think that the viewpoint of "Eclectic Theory" can suggest the guidelines for the development of a basic theory on the FDI of Korea.

인간성과 사회성의 대립 : T.Fontane의 Irrungen Wirrungen을 중심으로

허영재 釜山大學校 1989 人文論叢 Vol.35 No.1

기업지배구조의 국제적 추세 및 글로벌스탠다드

許永道 울산대학교 2000 경영학연구논문집 Vol.7 No.2

본 연구에서는 한국 기업지배구조 개선의 핵심이라고 할 수 있는 이사회의 구성과 책임을 중심으로 이론적인 심층연구를 바탕으로 지배대주주 및 경영진으로부터 독립적이면서 전체 주주의 이익을 대변해 줄 수 있는 가치창출형 이사회 제도의 확립을 위해 어떤 점을 주의해야 할 것인가를 제시해 보고자 하였다. 전체적으로 볼 때 사외이사의 긍정적인 역할은 책임성의 제고 즉, 경영자 감시역할에 있고, 기업의 사업활동에는 제약적인 역할을 하며, 기업성과와는 별 관계가 없는 것으로 요약될 수 있다. 그리고 규모가 큰 이사회는 기업의 성과를 좋지 않게 만드는 요인으로 볼 수 있으며, 이사에 대한 보수 및 인센티브 제도로 자주 활용되고 있는 성과관련 보수제도가 기업의 사업활동 수행에 있어서 이사들의 위험한 행동을 유발할 수 있다는 점에 유의해야 한다. 또한 이사의 지분 소유는 기업성과에 대체로 긍정적 영향을 미치지만 참호효과가 나타날 수 있음을 주의해야 한다. The purpose of this study is to suggest some critical points in establishing a value creating system of board of directors which is independent from management and ruling majority stock owners. The review in this study was focused on the structure of board of directors and directors 'remuneration and ownership, which are the most important issues for the improvement of Korean corporate governance. The results of literature review could be summarized as follows; the positive role of outside directors could be seen in the accountability enhancement by monitoring management, but their role was negatively related to business activities and had no specific relationship with the corporate performance. And the size of board could have negative relationship with performance. The performance related remuneration system, which is adopted by many firms as a incentives for directors, can also be a causing factor for a risky decision in their activities. Directors 'ownership has generally positive effects on performance, but it could have an entrenchment effect at the same time.

購賣力平價李論의 有用性에 관한 硏究

許永道,朴琮熙 울산대학교 1986 연구논문집 Vol.17 No.1

購買力平價理論(PPP 理論)은 Cassel(1924)에 의해 換率決定理論으로서 提起된 이후, 絶對的 解釋의 PPP 槪念과 相對的 解釋의 PPP 槪念을 中心으로 하는 傳統的 理論을 거쳐 最近에는 Rogalski와 Vinso(1977)에 의해 效率市場假說을 前提로한 새로운 觀點의 商品差益去來的 PPP 理論으로 發展되어 오고 있다. 그러나 PPP 理論은 그 自體로서 보다는 여러가지 巨視經濟的 政策을 정확하게 分析하는 데 있어서 核心이 되기 때문에 더욱 관심을 끌고 있다. 本硏究에서는 먼저 PPP理論의 主要 內容 및 그 實證分析과 관련된 문제점들을 分析 整理해 보고 PPP理論이 解答을 제공해 줄 수 있는 몇가지 國際經營(經濟)問題로서 換率決定問題, 國家經濟 間의 連繫問題, 國際財務理論 等에 대해 檢討해 봄으로써, 단순한 학문적인 關心領域으로서가 아닌 실천적 次元에서의 PPP理論의 有用性에 대해 알아보고자 한다. Purchasing Power Parity Theory(PPP theory) was first stated by Cassel(1924), who used it as the basis for the theory of exchange rate determination. After Cassel, the traditional PPP theory was emerged, which explains the determination of exchange rate by the means of absolute version of PPP concept and relative version of PPP concept. In recent years, the commodity arbitrage version of PPP theory was suggested by Rogalski and Vinso (1977), who introduced the efficient market hypothesis as the premise of the theory. Purchasing Power Parity is, however, primarily of interest not for its own sake but because it holds the key to correctly analyzing a variety of macroeconomic polices. The first objective of this study is to review the main structure of the PPP theories and to examine some problems relating to the empirical study of PPP theories. And the second objective is to find out the usefulness of the PPP theory not as of just academic interest, but in the meaning that it has an important bearing on the answers to a number of key international management (economic) problems such as exchange rate determination, the degree to which national economies are linked, and international financial theory.

家族計劃 實施와 반응에 관한 調査硏究 : In the Area of Pohang City

許榮夫 대구보건대학 1984 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

Ⅰ. Aims This study is to provide some help for the conceivable, population in their problem-solving on the family planning, and to obtain some basic informations for the family planning project in the community. Ⅱ. Objects The objects in this study were conceivable population of 324 females randomly selected from public officials' apartment houses and some neighboring private houses at Daeshin Dong in Pohang City. Ⅲ. Method The method used was through questionnaires on which the objects were asked present realities and attitudes toward family planning. The objects were home-visited and interviewed with the questionnaires daring the period from july 20 to Augest 10, 1978. The main features to be expected are : 1. general characteristics of the objects. 2. their attitudes toward the number of children. 3. what they know and think about family planning 4. realities of agreement with husband on family planning Ⅳ. Conclusions 1. General characteristics of the objects 1) Age Distribution 25-29 years old : 30.2% 30-34 years old: 23.7% others : 46.1% The average age of the objects was 21.6. 2) Educational Background high school and above : 71.9% low as or lower than middle school : 28.1% Nearly all of the women between 25 and 29 of age were in the first group. 3) Living Standard high leavel : 17.9% middle : 52.2% low : 29.9% 4) Married Age 20-24 : 61.1% 25-29 : 36.1% others : 7.8% The current average marrying age of Korean female is 22. 2. Attitudes toward the number of children 1) The present number of children one child : 22.8% two children: 30.9% three 〃 : 27.4% more than : 10.9% 2) Additional number of children desired Among 182 (56.2%) out of 324, they wanted one more child : 39.4% two more : 37.8% 3) Ideal number of children. one child : 6.8% two children : 33.6% three 〃 : 34.9 % This shows that most of the object want to have 2 or 3 children. 3. The Attitudes toward Family Planning 1) Conception experiences never : 2.8% once : 20.6% twice : 23.5% thrice : 25.9% more than : 27.2% 2) Artificial abortion Experiences once : 25.3% twice : 15.7% thrice : 7.4% More than the half of the objects have experienced the abortion. 3) Reasons of Abortion conception control : 60.0% economic reasons : 14.7% maternal health : 13.7% 4) Birth Controlling in practice: 42.3% planning to : 25.6% The 67.9% are expected to practice conception control. Among the non-practicing group. 18.3% are in pregnancy and 20.2% are desiring male child. 4. Realities of Agreement on family planning between spouses 1) Determining the number of children by areement with husband : 55.3 % by husband only : 25.9% by wife only : 14.5 % by husband's parents : 4.3 % 2) Frequency of Talks on Birth Control once a week : 34.1% once a month : 17.2% seldom : 29.5% never : 19.2% In general they showed much interest in birth control. 3) agreement with husband on conception control agreed : 74.3% not : 25.7%

구리 耐性菌(Pseudomonas stutzeri)의 菌體內 구리 蓄積機作

許鍾秀,曺周植,韓文圭,李洪宰,林永成 경상대학교 환경보전연구소 1994 環境保全硏究所報 Vol.2 No.1

In order to study the mechanism of the copper accumulation in the cell of copper-tolerant bacterium, Pseudomonas stutzeri, distribution of the copper in the cell were investigated. Approximately 61% of the accumulated copper was distributed on the cell wall and the other 39% portion was in cytoplasm. 78% of the copper in the cell wall fractions was present in the polyphosphate and polysaccharide fractions, but most of copper in the cytoplasm fractions was in protein and nucleic acid. Copper affected the protein synthesis in P. stutzeri. The intracellular protein content was decreased by copper addition, but the soluble protein precipitated by ammonium sulfate(30-75% saturation) was increased as compared to that from the cells grown without copper. Furthermore, in the cells grown with copper, high-molecular-weight soluble protein was increased, compared with the cells grown without copper, but low-molecular -weight soluble protein was decreased. These results indicate that copper inhibited the intracellular protein biosynthesis but enhanced the biosynthesis of the high-molecular-weight soluble protein precipitated by ammonium sulfate(30-75% saturation).

銅鑛山廢水로부터 分離한 구리 耐性菌(P.stutzeri)의 菌體內 구리 蓄積 特性

許鍾秀,曺周植,韓文圭,李洪宰,林永成 경상대학교 환경보전연구소 1994 環境保全硏究所報 Vol.2 No.1

Of the copper-tolerant 215 bacterial strains isolated from polluted river water, wastewater and activated sludges of wastewater treatment plants, or wastewater and soils of the copper mine aera in Gyeongnam province a strain, which showed considerably higher growth rate in the agar plate containing 2000ppm of copper than any other strains, was identified as a Pseudomonas stutzeri or its similar strain when analyzed by taxonomical charicteristics. Optimum pH and temperature for the growth of the P. stutzeri were 7.0 and 30℃ respectively. This strain was resistant to antibiotics, such as ampicillin and tetracycline, and heavy metals, such as lead and chromium. This strain utilized phenol benzen or toluene as a sole carbon source. The rate of copper accumulation in P. stutzeri cell was enhanced at low concentration of Cu in the growth media. The maximum copper absorption by this strain grown in 10ppm of Cu at 3 days after culture was 49%, but in 50ppm and 100ppm of Cu was 38% and 32%, respectively. The optimal temprature and pH for the effective intracellular accumulation of copper were 30℃ and initial pH 8.0 under shaking culture.