교육환경이 다른 학령기 고도난청아동의 음소 산출능력과 그 음운패턴의 변화

허명진,이상흔,정옥란,Huh, Myung-Jin,Lee, Sang-Heun,Jeong, Ok-Ran 한국음성학회 2001 음성과학 Vol.8 No.4

This study was designed to evaluate the phonological characteristics in profound hearing-impaired children. 10 males and 10 females participated in this study and all were prelingually hearing impaired. 7 children were educated at deaf school and 13 children at general elementary school with private clinic. Their hearing levels were more than 95dB HL and did not appear any wave by ABR. The results can be summarized as following: The articulation accuracy of hearing impaired children was 54.19% and most distinguished phonological patterns of the hearing impaired children were alveolarization and stop assimilation. The accurate articulation phonation was significantly different from education system between deaf school and general school. The error articulation degrees in profound hearing impaired children at general school seemed meaningfully smaller than those in hearing impaired children at deaf school.

청각장애 아동의 인공와우 착용기관에 따른 모음 /i/ 음형대의 변화 연구

허명진,이상흔,최성규,Huh, Myung-Jin,Lee, Sang-Heun,Choi, Sung-Kyu 한국음성학회 2005 음성과학 Vol.12 No.2

This study was analyzed to change of /i/ formant follow cochlear implantation periods for hearing impaired children with cochlear implantation. 20 hearing impaired children participated and acoustic analysis of /i/ was used CSL(Computerized Speech Lab; Model 4300b) annually. The data was captured the first formant, $2^{nd}$ & 3th formant frequency of /i/ and was analyzed using ANOVA. Multiple range test to investigate difference between group was treat with LSD and Duncan. The results of /i/ formant analysis for hearing impaired children with cochlear implantation, each formant at a year keeping with cochlear implantation was located at high frequency. In accordance with CI periods, the each formant decreased significantly, especially between a year and $2^{nd}$ year taking with cochlear implantation.

모음의 포먼트 변형에 따른 인공와우 이식 아동의 청각적 인지변화

허명진,Huh, Myung-Jin 대한음성학회 2007 말소리 Vol.64 No.-

The purpose of this study was to examine the acoustic perception different by formants change for profoundly hearing impaired children with cochlear implants. The subjects were 10 children after 15 months of experience with the implant and mean of their chronological age was 8.4 years and Standard deviation was 2.9 years. The ability of auditory perception was assessed using acoustic-synthetic vowels. The acoustic-synthetic vowel was combined with F1, F2, and F3 into a vowel and produced 42 synthetic sound, using Speech GUI(Graphic User Interface) program. The data was deal with clustering analysis and on-line analytical processing for perception ability of acoustic synthetic vowel. The results showed that auditory perception scores of acoustic-synthetic vowels for cochlear implanted children were increased in F2 synthetic vowels compaire to those of F1. And it was found that they perceived the differences of vowels in terms of distance rates between F1 and F2 in specific vowel.

최고도이상의 청력손실을 가진 아동의 모음음형대 분석

허명진,Huh, Myung-Jin 한국음성학회 2007 음성과학 Vol.14 No.2

The severe-profound hearing impaired children have various disorders in everday communication due to the lack of hearing feedback. Especially, their speech produced unstable voice, omission and distortion of articulation, pitch break, cul-de-sac voice, and so on so that they were difficult to accurately deliver an intended message. This study attempts to analyze the acoustic characteristics of 4 vowel sounds produced by 35 severe-profound hearing impaired children using CSL(Computerized Speech Lab, Model 4300b). The formant data were obtained from the spectrogram and analyzed data by 12 formant filter and auto-correlation among the formants. Results showed that the hearing impaired children's formant values came out very high. They produced the vowels at the mode of hypertension with unstable voice. In order to improve their speech, they would need some adequate auditory feedback.

인공와우 이식자의 조음산출에 미치는 배경변인

허명진(Myeong Jin Huh) 한국언어치료학회 2015 言語治療硏究 Vol.24 No.1

Purpose: Hearing children can talk by recognizing the speech of another speaker. Hearing impaired children can develop correct articulation through having a cochlear implant. Previous studies looked at various background factors to speech recognition ability for cochlear implanted (CI) people, including chronological age, age at cochlear implantation, hearing period with CI, and language age. The purpose of this study was to find the background factors affecting articulation production when CI people speak. Methods: Forty-nine CI people who have had speech processor cochlear implants for at least one year and who are without other problems such as mental disorders or autisum participated in the study. To collect the speech samples, U-Tap and receptive language ability tests were used. All data was subjected to one-way ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. Results: The results show that correct articulation on CI people was about 80% and was affected by the background factors of hearing periods and language age. That is, when hearing periods were longer, correct articulation increased. Language age showed the same results as hearing period. At chronological age, correct articulation scores of 4-7 year-old children were higher than children older than seven. When age at CI operation was lower, correct articulation scores were higher. However, the most influential background factor to articulation production was language age and hearing period with CI. Conclusions: People with cochlear implants improved their articulation production, but showed little improvement above the age of seven. These findings could be due to the limited acoustic range of cochlear implants and lack of auditory nerves in hearing impaired people. Among background factors of CI people, hearing age with CI and language age play important roles in articulation production.

국내 인공와우 이식 변천에 대한 소고

허명진(Myung Jin Huh),이드보라(Debora Lee) 한국언어치료학회 2009 言語治療硏究 Vol.18 No.2

Previous studies have reported that hearing impaired children with hearing aids had difficulty in perceiving speech. However, those with cochlear implants showed greatly improved speech and language performance as well as auditory perception. The reasons for these difference are because cochlear implants (CI) are an electronic prosthesis that stimulates the cells of the auditory spiral ganglion to provide a sense of sound to persons with hearing impairment. CIs were first developed in the United States of America in 1937. They first came to Korea in 1988. Early CIs had only one electrode and were insufficient to listen to speech. Recently however, CIs employ multiple channels and various speech strategies. The number of people in Korea with CIs surpasses 2,000. In 2005, CIs became covered under medical insurance in Korea. Nevertheless, there has been no transition history for CIs in Korea. Therefore, this study arranged for transition for CIs in Korea through literature, magazine articles, and interviews with oto-laryngologists. According to this investigation, we can learn about Korea's cochlear implant history and indicate various support programs and educational strategies to enhance speech understanding and listening preferences in children with cochlear implants.

인공와우 착용기간에 따른 청각장애아동의 말 인지 능력

허명진(Myung-Jin Huh),최성규(Sung-Kyu Choi),이상흔(Sang-Heun Lee) 한국언어치료학회 2007 言語治療硏究 Vol.16 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the speech perception ability of profoundly deafened children with cochlear implants longitudinally. The subjects were 10 children after 6 months of experience with the implant. The subjects mean age was 8.1 years and Standard deviation was 2.9 years. Speech perception ability was assessed using open-set materials and repeated measures design for assessing phonemic perception ability. Results showed that the average of speech perception test increased in terms of periods of CI use. And speech perception ability at 9 months to 12months of experience with cochlear implant was very important at a point of aural rehabilitation and language learning time.

단어제시방법에 따른 중학부 청각장애학생의 수용어휘력 비교

허명진(Myung-Jin Huh),유광숙(Kwang-Sook Yoo),최성규(Sung-Kyu Choi) 한국언어치료학회 2004 言語治療硏究 Vol.13 No.4

In general, almost hearing imparied students were communicated with their friend and teacher using sing language at their school. But at home or another place, they were difficulty to express their intends and thought through sigh language. The purpose of this study was to compare the abilities of vocabulary understanding by word presentation methods of hearing impaired students at middle profound school. The methods of vocabulary presentation were used by sign language and a letter and record sign language shape and a letter at CD. This study was participated in fifty-two hearing impaired student and they could read a letter and do sing language. The results were analyzed with paired T test at different between sign and letter presentation and one-way ANOVA at different among each grade. Vocabulary ability of hearing impaired students was not significantly difference with word presentation methods. The score of vocabulary by sign language was lower than that of letter. Among each grade there was no significant with the vocabulary understanding scores through word presentation methods. However the vocabulary score of sign language presentation was higher than letter score at high grade. Therefore this study was concluded that the vocabulary understanding of sign language of hearing impaired students was insufficient to communication and conversation between hearing impaired student.

학습장애 학생의 음운인식 지도를 위한 심리음향적 지각특성 연구

허명진(Myung Jin Huh) 한국언어치료학회 2013 言語治療硏究 Vol.22 No.1

Recent studies indicate that students with learning disabilities have speech-sound perception deficits. These deficits were related to abnormal neurophysiologic representation of speech streams, especially in the presence of background noise. The first goal of this study was to determine the psycho-acoustic perception ability for learning-disabled students compared with normal students. The second goal of this study was to investigate speech perception ability for learning-disabled students in background noise. The subjects consisted of learning-disabled students (n=27) and normal students (n=24). Two experiements were conducted, the first of which was to measure hearing threshold from 500Hz to 4kHz using clinical audiometer and the second was to examine the perceptional ability of speech using non-sense words and meaning words in white noise simultaneously. The results indicated that learning-disabled students show a different pattern with normal students, especially in low frequency. The mean hearing threshold of learning-disabled students was significantly lower than hearing the threshold of normal students, about 7dB. Speech perception performance of learning-disabled students in white noise was similar to normal students' performance. Therefore, these findings contribute to our understanding of psycho-acoustic perception abilities for learning-disabled students and may assist to develop effective intervention strategies based on the acoustic frequency of phonological patterns.

외국인 유학생의 발음프로그램 개발을 위한 기초연구 : 한국어 파열음의 음향음성학적 특성 중심으로 문헌고찰

허명진(Huh, Myung Jin) 한국청각·언어장애교육학회 2021 한국청각·언어장애교육연구 Vol.12 No.2

한국어 파열음은 기식성과 긴장성 등 다양한 음운자질을 갖고 있지만 외국어 파열음은 한국어에 비해 단순하다. 외국인 유학생은 한국어 음소 중에서 비음이나 유음에 비해 파열음의 오류가 두드러지고, 이는 한국어 파열음의 음향자질의 다양성 때문으로 생각된다. 이 연구에서는 외국인 유학생을 대상으로 발음교육을 위한 한국어 파열음의 음향·음운적 특성을 살펴보고, 외국인 유학생에게 영향을 미치는 환경적 변인을 조사하여 이를 바탕으로 그들을 위한 발음교육프로그램 단계를 제시해 보고자 한다. 평음, 경음, 격음은 음향자질이 다양하고, 음운위치와 이웃 음운에 따라 변이가 나타난다. 외국인 유학생들은 그들 모국어에 근거하여 음운을 변별하고 발음되므로, 이들 모국어의 음운특성을 고려한 한국어의 파열음 교육단계를 제시해야 할 것이다. 또한 발음 교육은 음성습득모형에 근거하여 어두초성에 위치한 음소에서 점차 단어의 복잡성, 문장, 대화 순으로 확장되어야 할 것이다. The Korean plosive sound include lax sound, tension sound, and aspiration sound according to the air flow method unlike other foreign languages. Foreign students have more errors in plosives than nasal or consonant among Korean phonemes. This is though to be due to the diversity of sound production method of Korean plosives. This study examines the acoustic characteristics of Korean plosive sound and environmental factors affecting them, and based on this, the education program of the pronunciation training for foreign students. The Korean plosives have various acoustic characteristics depending on the phonemic location and neighboring phonemes. Since foreign students discriminate and pronounce phonology based on their native language, it is necessary to present the Korean plosives education level in consideration of the phonological characteristics of these native languages. And pronunciation education steps should be based on the speech learning model(Flege, 1995) and gradually expanded from the phoneme located at the word initial- syllable initial, word middle, complexity of the word, sentence, and dialogue